Forming a supranational boundary-spanning policy regime – European intersectoral coordination in education and employment

References

• Abbott, K. W., P. Genschel, D. Snidal, and B. Zangl. 2016. “Two Logics of Indirect Governance: Delegation and Orchestration.” British Journal of Political Science 46 (4): 719–729. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123414000593.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alcidi, C., and D. Gros. 2017. “How to Strengthen the European Semester? CEPS Research Report No. 2017/15.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, K. 2015. Social Policy in the European Union. London: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Antunes, F. 2016. “Economising Education: From the Silent Revolution to Rethinking Education. A New Moment of Europeanisation of Education?” European Educational Research Journal 15 (4): 410–427. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904116641696.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armingeon, K. 2007. “Active Labour Market Policy, International Organizations and Domestic Politics.” Journal of European Public Policy 14 (6): 905–932. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760701497923.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer, M. W., H. Kassim, and S. Connolly. 2021. “The Quiet Transformation of the EU Commission Cabinet System.” Journal of European Public Policy 30 (2): 354–374. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.2003423.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beerkens, E. 2008. “The Emergence and Institutionalisation of the European Higher Education and Research Area.” European Journal of Education 43 (4): 407–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3435.2008.00371.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Béland, D. 2009. “Ideas, Institutions, and Policy Change.” Journal of European Public Policy 16 (5): 701–718. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760902983382.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Béland, D., and R. H. Cox. 2016. “Ideas as Coalition Magnets: Coalition Building, Policy Entrepreneurs, and Power Relations.” Journal of European Public Policy 23 (3): 428–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1115533.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohlinger, S. 2019. “Ten Years After: The ‘Success story’ of the European Qualifications Framework.” Journal of Education & Work 32 (4): 393–406. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2019.1646413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boin, A., P. Hart, and A. McConnell. 2009. “Crisis Exploitation: Political and Policy Impacts of Framing Contests.” Journal of European Public Policy 16 (1): 81–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760802453221.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonoli, G. 2010. “The Political Economy of Active Labor-Market Policy.” Politics & Society 38 (4): 435–457. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032329210381235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borrás, S., and K. Jacobsson. 2004. “The Open Method of Co-Ordination and New Governance Patterns in the EU.” Journal of European Public Policy 11 (2): 185–208. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350176042000194395.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boucher, A. 2016. ““Boundary Spanning Regimes and Public Policy Change: The Convergence of Welfare and Immigration Policies.” Australian Journal of Political Science 52 (1): 19–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2016.1260682.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Büchs, M. 2008. “How Legitimate is the Open Method of Co-Ordination?” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 46 (4): 765–786. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2008.00804.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, J. L. 1998. “Institutional Analysis and the Role of Ideas in Political Economy.” Theory and Society 27 (3): 377–409. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006871114987.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, J. L. 2004. Institutional Change and Globalization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Candel, J. J. L., and R. Biesbroek. 2016. “Toward a Processual Understanding of Policy Integration.” Policy Sciences 49 (3): 211–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11077-016-9248-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chou, M.-H., J. Jungblut, P. Ravinet, and M. Vukasovic. 2017. “Higher Education Governance and Policy: An Introduction to Multi-Issue, Multi-Level and Multi-Actor Dynamics.” Policy and Society 36 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2017.1287999.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cino Pagliarello, M. in press. “The Role of European (Transnational) Business Actors in the Emergence of a Boundary Spanning Policy Regime in European Education and Employment.” Journal of Education & Work. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2023.2275778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council of Europe. 2012. 2012 Joint Report of the Council and the Commission on the Implementation of ET 2020 Official Journal of the European Union (2012/C 70/07). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2012:070:0009:0018:en:PDF.
   Google Scholar
• Council of the European Union. 2017. Council Recommendation Of 20 November 2017 On Tracking Graduates. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32017H1209(01)&from=EN.
   Google Scholar
• Dale, R., and S. Robertson. 2009. Globalisation and Europeanisation in Education. Wallingford, UK: Symposium.
   Google Scholar
• Daviter, F. 2007. “Policy Framing in the European Union.” Journal of European Public Policy 14 (4): 654–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760701314474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De la Porte, C., and P. Pochet. 2004. “The European Employment Strategy: Existing Research and Remaining Questions.” Journal of European Social Policy 14 (1): 71–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928704039879.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De la Porte, C., and P. Pochet. 2012. “Why and How (Still) Study the Open Method of Co-Ordination (OMC)?” Journal of European Social Policy 22 (3): 336–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928711433629.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dingeldey, I., L. Steinberg, and M.-L. Assmann. 2019. “Horizontal and Vertical Coordination of the European Youth Guarantee.” In Youth Unemployment and Job Insecurity in Europe, edited by B. Hvinden, C. Hyggen, M. A. Schoyen, and T. Sirovatka, 184–205. Cheltenham: Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Elken, M. 2015. “New EU Instruments for Education: Vertical, Horizontal and Internal Tensions in the European Qualifications Framework.” Journal of Contemporary European Research 11 (1): 69–83. https://doi.org/10.30950/jcer.v11i1.623.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emmenegger, P., S. Häusermann, B. Palier, and M. Seeleib-Kaiser. 2012. The Age of Dualization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission 2012a. Commission Staff Working Document. Accompanying the Document Moving Youth into Employment. Brussels: European Commission. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=SWD:2012:0406:FIN:EN:PDF.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2012b. Commission Staff Working Document Accompanying the Document Proposal for a Council Recommendation on Establishing a Youth Guarantee. Brussels: European Commission. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52012SC0409.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2012c. Proposal for a Council Recommendation on Establishing a Youth Guarantee. Brussels: European Commission. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52012PC0729.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2012d. Rethinking Education: Investing in Skills for Better Socio-Economic Outcomes. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Brussels: European Commission. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52012DC0669.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2013a. European Alliance for Apprenticeships – Declaration of the European Social Partners, the European Commission and the Lithuanian Presidency of the Council of the European Union. Brussels: European Commission (EC). https://www.consilium.europa.eu/media/31665/joint-declaration_apprentiships.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2013b. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Region. Brussels: European Commission. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:52013DC0447.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2016. Communication on New Skills Agenda, Human Capital, Employability and Competitiveness. Brussels: European Commission. http://www.ipex.eu/IPEXL-WEB/dossier/document/COM20160381.do.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2018. Good for Youth, Good for Business. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2767/718077.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2019a. Erasmus Plus Programme guideVol. 2. Brussels: European Commission. https://erasmus-plus.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2021-10/2021-erasmusplus-programme-guide_v2_fr.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2019b. The Working Methods of the European Commission Brussels: European Commission. https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2019-12/working-methods.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2020a. Achieving the European Education Area by 2025 – Communication. Brussels: European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/education/resources-and-tools/document-library/eea-communication-sept2020_en.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2020b. European Skills Agenda for Sustainable Competitiveness, Social Fairness and Resilience. Brussels: European Commission. https://ec.europa.eu/social/main.jsp?catId=1223&langId=hr.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2021. Skills Agenda for Europe. Factsheet: Progress on the 11 flagships actions. Brussels: European Commission. December 2021.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission. 2022. NextGeneratioEU.Make It Real. Available at: https://europa.eu/next-generation-eu/index_en.
   Google Scholar
• European Council. 2000. Lisbon European Council. Strasbourg: European Parliament. http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/lis1_en.htm.
   Google Scholar
• European Union. 2014. Interim Evaluation of the Strategic Framework for European Coordination in Education and Training (ET 2020). Brussels:Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture (European Commission). https://doi.org/10.2766/67528.
   Google Scholar
• Fumasoli, T., and F. Rossi. 2021. “The Role of Higher Education Institutions in Transnational Networks for Teaching and Learning Innovation: The Case of the Erasmus+ Programme.” European Journal of Education 56 (2): 200–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerring, J. 2012. Social Science Methodology: A Unified Framework. 2nd ed. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Goetschy, J. 1999. “The European Employment Strategy: Genesis and Development.” European Journal of Industrial Relations 5 (2): 117–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/095968019952002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gornitzka, Å. 2006. “The Open Method of Coordination as Practice - a Watershed in European Education Policy?” Arena 16:1–58.
   Google Scholar
• Graf, L., and M. Marques. 2023. “Towards a European Model of Collective Skill Formation? Analysing the European Alliance for Apprenticeships.” Journal of Education Policy 38 (4): 665–685. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2022.2097317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf, L., M. Marques, T. Sorensen, and X. Dumay. 2023. “The Emergence of European Boundary-Spanning Policy Regimes: Analysing Intersectoral Policy Coordination in Education and Employment.” Journal of Education & Work. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2023.2275778.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, P. A. 1993. “Policy Paradigms, Social Learning, and the State. The Case of Economic Policymaking in Britain.” Comparative Politics 25 (3): 275–296. https://doi.org/10.2307/422246.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, P. A. 1997. “The Role of Interests, Institutions, and Ideas in the Comparative Political Economy of the Industrialized Nations.” In Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture, and Structure, edited by M. I. Lichbach and A. S. Zuckerman, 174–207. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hay, C. 2004. “Ideas, Interests and Institutions in the Comparative Political Economy of Great Transformations.” Review of International Political Economy 11 (1): 204–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969229042000179811.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heidenreich, M., and J. Zeitlin. 2009. Changing European Employment and Welfare Regimes: The Influence of the Open Method of Coordination on National Reforms. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hooghe, L., and G. Marks. 2019. “Grand Theories of European Integration in the Twenty-First Century.” Journal of European Public Policy 26 (8): 1113–1133. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2019.1569711.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ioannou, D., P. Leblond, and A. Niemann. 2015. “European Integration and the Crisis: Practice and Theory.” Journal of European Public Policy 22 (2): 155–176. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.994979.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsson, K. 2004. “Soft Regulation and the Subtle Transformation of States: The Case of the EU Employment Policy.” Journal of European Social Policy 14 (4): 355–370. https://doi.org/10.1177/0958928704046878.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jessop, B., N. Fairclough, and R. Wodak. 2008. Education and the Knowledge-Based Economy. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Jochim, A. E., and P. J. May. 2010. “Beyond Subsystems: Policy Regimes and Governance.” Policy Studies Journal 38 (2): 303–327. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2010.00363.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, E., D. Kelemen, and S. Meunier. 2016. “Failing Forward? The Euro Crisis and the Incomplete Nature of European Integration.” Comparative Political Studies 49 (7): 1010–1034. https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414015617966.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn-Nisser, S. 2015. “The Hard Impact of Soft Co-Ordination.” Journal of European Public Policy 22 (10): 1512–1530. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1022205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamkhaji, J., and C. M. Radaelli. 2016. “Crisis, Learning and Policy Change in the European Union.” Journal of European Public Policy 24 (5): 714–734. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2016.1164744.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamkhaji, J., and C. M. Radaelli. 2021. “Don’t Think It’s a Good Idea! Four Building Sites of the ‘Ideas school’.” West European Politics 45 (4): 841–862. online first. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2021.1959751.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kehm, B. M., J. Huisman, and B. Stensaker. 2009. The European Higher Education Area. Perspectives on a Moving Target. Leiden: Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Kelemen, R. D., A. Menon, and J. Slapin. 2014. “Wider and Deeper? Enlargement and Integration in the European Union.” Journal of European Public Policy 21 (5): 647–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2014.897745.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klatt, G., and M. Milana. 2020. “Education and Training 2020.” In Europe´s Lifelong Learning Markets, Governance and Policy, edited by M. Milana, G. Klatt, and S. Vatrella, 23–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Klüver, H. 2012. “Biasing Politics? Interest Group Participation in EU Policy-Making.” West European Politics 35 (5): 1114–1133. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2012.706413.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ladi, S., and D. Tsarouhas. 2020. “EU Economic Governance and Covid-19: Policy Learning and Windows of Opportunity.” Journal of European Integration 42 (8): 1041–1056. https://doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2020.1852231.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lahusen, C., N. Schulz, and P. R. Graziano. 2013. “Promoting Social Europe?” International Journal of Social Welfare 22 (3): 300–309. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, B., and N. Alexiadou. 2010. “Policy Learning and Governance of Education Policy in the EU.” Journal of Education Policy 25 (4): 443–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680931003782819.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawn, M., and S. Grek. 2012. Europeanizing Education: Governing a New Policy Space. Oxford, UK: Symposium Books.
   Google Scholar
• Leifeld, P., T. Henrichsen, C. Buckton, G. Fergie, and S. Hilton. 2021. “Belief System Alignment and Intersectoral Advocacy Efforts in Policy Debates.” Journal of European Public Policy 29 (8): 1225–1248. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2021.1945131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberman, R. C. 2002. “Ideas, Institutions, and Political Order: Explaining Political Change.” American Political Science Review 96 (4): 697–712. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055402000394.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lisbon European Council. 2000. Presidency Conclusions. Brussels: European Council. http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/00100-r1.en0.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Littig, B. 2009. “Interviewing the Elite — Interviewing Experts: Is There a Difference?” In Interviewing Experts, edited by A. Bogner, 98–113. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• López-Santana, M. 2006. “The Domestic Implications of European Soft Law.” Journal of European Public Policy 13 (4): 481–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760600693853.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maricut, A., and U. Puetter. 2018. “Deciding on the European Semester.” Journal of European Public Policy 25 (2): 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1363271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques, M. 2014. “Finding and Tracing the Effects of Governance Processes in the New Opportunities Initiative: An Outline.” International Journal of Lifelong Education 33 (3): 290–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2014.896087.
   Google Scholar
• Marques, M. 2021. “How Do Policy Instruments Generate New Ones? Analysing Policy Instruments Feedback and Interaction in Educational Research in England, 1986-2014.” Research Policy 50 (10): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques, M. 2023. “Governing European Educational Research Through Ideas? Incremental Ideational Change in the European Union´s Framework Programme (1994-2020).” European Journal of Education. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12579.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marques, M., M. Zapp, and J. J. W. Powell. 2022. “Europeanizing Universities: Expanding and Consolidating Networks of the Erasmus Mundus Joint Master Degree Programme (2004–2017).” Higher Education Policy 35 (1): 19–41. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-020-00192-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martens, K., A. Rusconi, and K. Leuze. 2007. New Arenas of Education Governance. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• May, P. J., and A. Jochim. 2013. “Policy Regime Perspectives: Policies, Politics, and Governing.” Policy Studies Journal 41 (3): 426–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/psj.12024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, P. J., A. E. Jochim, and J. Sapotichne. 2011. “Constructing Homeland Security: An Anemic Policy Regime.” Policy Studies Journal 39 (2): 285–307. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2011.00408.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, P. J., M. J. Sapotichne, and S. Workman. 2006. “Policy Coherence and Policy Domains.” Journal of Education & Work 34 (3): 381–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2006.00178.x.
   Google Scholar
• Milana, M., G. Klatt, and S. Vatrella. 2020. Europe’s Lifelong Learning Markets, Governance and Policy. Using an Instruments Approach. London: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Moravcsik, A. 1991. “Negotiating the Single European Act: National Interests and Conventional Statecraft in the European Community.” International Organization 45 (1): 19–56. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300001387.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, M. 2003. “Covert Action? Education, Social Policy and Law in the European Union.” Journal of Education Policy 18 (5): 551–562. https://doi.org/10.1080/0268093032000124893.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Normand, R., and J.-L. Derouet. 2017. A European Politics of Education. Perspectives from Sociology, Policy Studies and Politics. London, UK: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• O’Reilly, J., W. Eichhorst, A. Gábos, K. Hadjivassiliou, D. Lain, J. Leschke, S. McGuinness, et al. 2015. “Five Characteristics of Youth Unemployment in Europe.” Sage Open 5 (1): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244015574962.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pakull, D., D. Marshall, and P. Bernhagen. 2020. “Shop Till You Drop? Venue Choices of Business and Non-Business Interests in the European Union.” Interest Groups & Advocacy 9 (4): 520–540. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41309-020-00092-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palier, B., and Y. Surel. 2005. “Les ‘Trois I’ et l’Analyse de l’État en Action.” Revue française de science politique 55 (1): 7–32. https://doi.org/10.3917/rfsp.551.0007.
   Google Scholar
• Pastore, F. 2015. “The European Youth Guarantee: Labor Market Context, Conditions and Opportunities in Italy.” IZA Journal of European Labor Studies 4 (11): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40174-015-0033-2.
   Google Scholar
• Patay, D., S. Fiel, A. Schram, and S. Sell. 2022. “How Do Interests, Ideas, and Institutions Affect Multisectoral Governance? The Case of Tobacco Governance in Two Pacific Small Island Developing States.” Regulation & Governance 17 (2): 313–327. Advance access. https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12458.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pépin, L. 2006. The History of European Coordination in Education and Training. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.
   Google Scholar
• Pollack, M. A. 1994. “Creeping Competence.” Journal of Public Policy 14 (2): 95–145. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0143814X00007418.
   Google Scholar
• Pollitt, C. 2003. “Joined-Up Government: A Survey.” Political Studies Review 1 (1): 34–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/1478-9299.00004.
   Google Scholar
• Powell, J. J. W., N. Bernhard, and L. Graf. 2012. “The Emergent European Model in Skill Formation. Comparing Higher Education and Vocational Training in the Bologna and Copenhagen Processes.” Sociology of Education 85 (3): 240–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038040711427313.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhinard, M. 2019. “The Crisification of Policy-Making in the European Union.” Journal of Common Market Studies 57 (3): 616–633. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.12838.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risse, T. 2006. “Neofunctionalism, European Identity, and the Puzzles of European Integration.” Journal of European Public Policy 12 (2): 291–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501760500044033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohde-Liebenau, J. 2020. “Raising European Citizens? European Identity in European Schools.” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 58 (6): 1504–1522. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13050.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatier, P. 1988. “An Advocacy Coalition Framework of Policy Change and the Role of Policy-Oriented Learning Therein.” Policy Sciences 21 (2–3): 129–168. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00136406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatier, P. 1998. “The Advocacy Coalition Framework: Revisions and Relevance for Europe.” Journal of European Public Policy 5 (1): 98–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501768880000051.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salajan, F. D., and E. A. Roumell. 2021. “Tracing the Historical Construction of a Vocational Training, Adult Education and Lifelong Learning Policy Space in the European Union from 1951 to Present.” European Educational Research Journal 22 (3): 347–367. online first. https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041211065324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saurugger, S. 2008. “Interest Groups and Democracy in the European Union.” West European Politics 31 (6): 1274–1291. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380802374288.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šćepanović, V., and A. Martín Artiles. 2020. “Dual Training in Europe: A Policy Fad or a Policy Turn?” Transfer: European Review of Labour & Research 26 (1): 15–26. https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258919898317.
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, V. A. 2008. “Discursive Institutionalism: The Explanatory Power of Ideas and Discourse.” Annual Review of Political Science 11 (1): 303–326. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060606.135342.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seabrooke, L., and E. Tsingou. 2018. “Europe’s Fast-And Slow-Burning Crises.” Journal of European Public Policy 26 (3): 468–481. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2018.1446456.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sum, N.-L., and B. Jessop. 2013. “Competitiveness, the Knowledge-Based Economy and Higher Education.” Journal of the Knowledge Economy 4 (1): 24–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-012-0121-8.
   Google Scholar
• Termeer, C. J. A. M. 2009. “Barriers to New Modes of Horizontal Governance. A Sense-Making Perspective.” Public Management Review 11 (3): 299–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719030902798180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tholoniat, L. 2010. “The Career of the Open Method of Coordination: Lessons from a ‘Soft’ EU Instrument.” West European Politics 33 (1): 93–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380903354122.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tosun, J., and A. Lang. 2017. “Policy Integration: Mapping the Different Concepts.” Policy Studies 38 (6): 553–570. https://doi.org/10.1080/01442872.2017.1339239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trein, P., I. Meyer, and M. Maggetti. 2019. “The Integration and Coordination of Public Policies: A Systematic Comparative Review.” Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice 21 (4): 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/13876988.2018.1496667.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vatrella, S. and, and M. Milana. 2019. “European Governance and Educational Policy. Youth Guarantee as a ‘Trail’ Between Labour and Learning.” Scuola democratica 4:189–206. https://doi.org/10.12828/96370.
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, D., and E. Appelbee. 1999. Implementing Holistic Government: Joined-Up Action on the Ground. Bristol: Policy Press.
   Google Scholar
• Zapp, M., M. Marques, and J. J. W. Powell. 2018. European Educational Research (Re)constructed: Institutional Change in Germany, the United Kingdom, Norway and the European Union. Oxford: Symposium Books.
   Google Scholar
• Zeitlin, J. 2005. “The Open Method of Co-Ordination in Action.” In The Open Method of Co-Ordination in Action, edited by J. Zeitlin and P. Pochet, 447–503. Brussels: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Zeitlin, J. 2011. “Is the Open Method of Coordination an Alternative to the Community Method?” In The Community Method: Obstinate or Obsolete?, edited by R. Dehousse, 135–149. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Zeitlin, J., and B. Vanhercke. 2018. “Socializing the European Semester: EU Social and Economic Policy Co-Ordination in Crisis and Beyond.” Journal of European Public Policy 25 (2): 149–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2017.1363269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar