644
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Regular Articles

When your accent betrays you: the role of foreign accents in school-to-work transition of ethnic minority youth in Germany

, &
Pages 2943-2986 | Received 26 Jan 2023, Accepted 08 Jan 2024, Published online: 22 Jan 2024

References

  • Adank, P., B. G. Evans, J. Stuart-Smith, and S. K. Scott. 2009. “Comprehension of Familiar and Unfamiliar Native Accents Under Adverse Listening Conditions.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 35 (2): 520. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013552.
  • Aigner, D. J., and G. G. Cain. 1977. “Statistical Theories of Discrimination in Labor Markets.” ILR Review 30 (2): 175–187. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979397703000204.
  • Birkelund, G. E., L. E. Johannessen, E. B. Rasmussen, and J. Rogstad. 2020. “Experience, Stereotypes and Discrimination. Employers’ Reflections on Their Hiring Behavior.” European Societies 22 (4): 503–524. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616696.2020.1775273.
  • Blossfeld, H.-P., and H.-G. Roßbach. 2019. Education as a Lifelong Process: The German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS). Edition ZfE (2nd ed.). Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
  • Cargile, A. C. 2000. “Evaluations of Employment Suitability: Does Accent Always Matter?” Journal of Employment Counseling 37 (3): 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2000.tb00483.x.
  • Carlson, H. K., and M. A. McHenry. 2006. “Effect of Accent and Dialect on Employability.” Journal of Employment Counseling 43 (2): 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1920.2006.tb00008.x.
  • Chiswick, B. R. 1991. “Speaking, Reading, and Earnings among low-Skilled Immigrants.” Journal of Labor Economics 9 (2): 149–170. https://doi.org/10.1086/298263.
  • Chiswick, B. R., and P. W. Miller. 1995. “The Endogeneity Between Language and Earnings: International Analyses.” Journal of Labor Economics 13 (2): 246–288. https://doi.org/10.1086/298374.
  • Chiswick, B. R., and P. W. Miller. 2001. “A Model of Destination-Language Acquisition: Application to Male Immigrants in Canada.” Demography 38 (3): 391–409. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0025.
  • Chiswick, B. R., and P. W. Miller. 2005. “Linguistic Distance: A Quantitative Measure of the Distance Between English and Other Languages.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 26 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710508668395.
  • Chiswick, B. R., and P. W. Miller. 2015. “International Migration and the Economics of Language.” In Handbook of the Economics of International Migration, Vol. 1, edited by B. R. Chiswick and P. W. Miller, 211–269. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
  • Correll, S. J. 2001. “Gender and the Career Choice Process: The Role of Biased Self-Assessments.” American Journal of Sociology 106 (6): 1691–1730. https://doi.org/10.1086/321299.
  • Daley, A., M. Hu, and C. Warman. 2019. “Language Proficiency and Immigrants’ Economic Integration.” IZA World of Labor 469: 1–11.
  • Deprez-Sims, A. S., and S. B. Morris. 2013. “The Effect of non-Native Accents on the Evaluation of Applicants During an Employment Interview: The Development of a Path Model.” International Journal of Selection and Assessment 21 (4): 355–367. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12045.
  • Derwing, T. M., and M. J. Munro. 1997. “Accent, Intelligibility, and Comprehensibility: Evidence from Four L1s.” Studies in Second Language Acquisition 19 (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263197001010.
  • Derwing, T. M., and M. J. Munro. 2009. “Putting Accent in its Place: Rethinking Obstacles to Communication.” Language Teaching 42 (4): 476–490. https://doi.org/10.1017/S026144480800551X.
  • Dollmann, J., K. Jacob, and F. Kalter. 2014. Examining the Diversity of Youth in Europe: a Classification of Generations and Ethnic Origins Using CILS4EU Data (Technical Report).
  • Dollmann, J., I. Kogan, and M. Weißmann. 2020. “Speaking Accent-Free in L2 Beyond the Critical Period: The Compensatory Role of Individual Abilities and Opportunity Structures.” Applied Linguistics 41 (5): 787–809. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amz029.
  • Donsbach, J., S. Tsacoumis, C. Sager, and J. Updegraff. 2003. O*NET Analyst Occupational Abilities Ratings: Procedures. Raleigh, NC: National Center for O*NET Development. https://www.onetcenter.org/dl_files/AnalystProc.pdf.
  • Dovidio, J. F., and A. Gluszek. 2012. “Accents, Nonverbal Behavior, and Intergroup Bias.” In The Handbook of Intergroup Communication, edited by H. Giles, 109–121. New York: Routledge.
  • Dustmann, C. 1994. “Speaking Fluency, Writing Fluency and Earnings of Migrants.” Journal of Population Economics 7 (2): 133–156. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00173616.
  • Edwards, H. T. 1997. Applied Phonetics: The Sounds of American English. 2nd edition. San Diego, CA: Singular.
  • Fernandez-Mateo, I., and R. M. Fernandez. 2016. “Bending the Pipeline? Executive Search and Gender Inequality in Hiring for top Management Jobs.” Management Science 62 (12): 3636–3655. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2315.
  • Fuertes, J. N., W. H. Gottdiener, H. Martin, T. C. Gilbert, and H. Giles. 2012. “A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Speakers’ Accents on Interpersonal Evaluations.” European Journal of Social Psychology 42 (1): 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.862.
  • Ganzeboom, H. B., P. M. De Graaf, and D. J. Treiman. 1992. “A Standard International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status.” Social Science Research 21 (1): 1–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-089X(92)90017-B.
  • Giles, H. 1970. “Evaluative Reactions to Accents.” Educational Review 22 (3): 211–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/0013191700220301.
  • Giles, H., and P. F. Powesland. 1975. Speech Style and Social Evaluation. London: Academic Press.
  • Gluszek, A., and J. F. Dovidio. 2010. “The Way They Speak: A Social Psychological Perspective on the Stigma of Nonnative Accents in Communication.” Personality and Social Psychology Review 14 (2): 214–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309359288.
  • Hardy, W., R. Keister, and P. Lewandowski. 2018. “Educational Upgrading, Structural Change and the Task Composition of Jobs in Europe.” Economics of Transition 26 (2): 201–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12145.
  • Heath, A. F., C. Rothon, and E. Kilpi. 2008. “The Second Generation in Western Europe: Education, Unemployment, and Occupational Attainment.” Annual Review of Sociology 34 (1): 211–235. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134728.
  • Heller, K. A., and C. Perleth. 2000. KFT 4-12 + R. Kognitiver Fähigkeitstest für 4. bis 12. Klassen, Revision. Weinheim: Beltz Verlagsgruppe.
  • Hosoda, M., and E. Stone-Romero. 2010. “The Effects of Foreign Accents on Employment-Related Decisions.” Journal of Managerial Psychology 25 (2): 113–132. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011019339.
  • Humpert, A., and K. Schneiderheinze. 2016. Sprachliche Analyse von Personennamen mit dem ‘Onomastik-Verfahren’. Retrieved from http://www.stichproben.de/.
  • Hwang, S. S., J. Xi, and Y. Cao. 2010. “The Conditional Relationship Between English Language Proficiency and Earnings Among US Immigrants.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 33 (9): 1620–1647. https://doi.org/10.1080/01419871003642375.
  • Kalin, R., and D. S. Rayko. 1978. “Discrimination in Evaluative Judgments Against Foreign-Accented job Candidates.” Psychological Reports 43 (3_suppl): 1203–1209. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1978.43.3f.1203.
  • Kalter, F., A. F. Heath, M. Hewstone, J. O. Jonsson, M. Kalmijn, I. Kogan, and F. van Tubergen. 2016. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries (CILS4EU) – Full Version. Data file for on-site use. GESIS Data Archive, Cologne, ZA5353 Data file Version 1.2.0. https://doi.org/10.4232/cils4eu.5353.1.2.0.
  • Kalter, F., and I. Kogan. 2006. “Ethnic Inequalities at the Transition from School to Work in Belgium and Spain: Discrimination or Self-Exclusion?” Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 24 (3): 259–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2005.10.002.
  • Kalter, F., I. Kogan, and J. Dollmann. 2019. “Studying Integration from Adolescence to Early Adulthood: Design, Content, and Research Potential of the CILS4EU-DE Data.” European Sociological Review 35 (2): 280–297. https://doi.org/10.1093/esr/jcy051.
  • Kalter, F., I. Kogan, and J. Dollmann. 2021. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries – Germany (CILS4EU-DE) – Full version. Data file for on-site use. GESIS Data Archive, Cologne, ZA6655 Data file Version 6.0.0. https://doi.org/10.4232/cils4eu-de.6655.6.0.0.
  • Kogan, I., J. Dollmann, and M. Weißmann. 2021. “In the Ear of the Listener: The Role of Foreign Accent in Interethnic Friendships and Partnerships.” International Migration Review 55 (3): 746–784. https://doi.org/10.1177/0197918320988835.
  • Lindemann, K., and I. Kogan. 2013. “The Role of Language Resources in Labour Market Entry: Comparing Estonia and Ukraine.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 39 (1): 105–123. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2012.711050.
  • Lippi-Green, R. 1997. English with an Accent: Language, Ideology, and Discrimination in the United States. London: Routledge.
  • Logan, J. A. 1996. “Opportunity and Choice in Socially Structured Labor Markets.” American Journal of Sociology 102 (1): 114–160. https://doi.org/10.1086/230910.
  • Lorenz, G., I. Kogan, S. Gentrup, and C. Kristen. 2023. “Non-native Accents among School Beginners and Teacher Expectations for Future Student Achievements.” Sociology of Education 97 (1): 76–96.
  • Mateos, P. 2007. “A Review of Name-Based Ethnicity Classification Methods and Their Potential in Population Studies.” Population, Space and Place 13 (4): 243–263. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.457.
  • Microm. 2017. Datenhandbuch 2017. Microm Micromarketing-Systeme und Consult GmbH.
  • Müller, W., and Y. Shavit. 1998. “The Institutional Embeddedness of the Stratification Process: A Comparative Study of Qualifications and Occupations in Thirteen Countries.” In From School to Work: A Comparative Study of Educational Qualifications and Occupational Destinations, edited by W. Müller, and Y. Shavit, 1–48. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Mumford, M., W. Borman, P. R. Jeanneret, E. Fleishman, K. Levin, M. Campion, M. Mayfield, et al. 2001. “Understanding Work Using the Occupational Information Network (O*NET): Implications for Practice and Research.” Personnel Psychology 54 (2): 451–492. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2001.tb00100.x.
  • Munro, M. J., and T. M. Derwing. 1995. “Foreign Accent, Comprehensibility, and Intelligibility in the Speech of Second Language Learners.” Language Learning 45 (1): 73–97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1995.tb00963.x.
  • Nelson, C. 1982. “Intelligibility and non-Native Varieties of English.” In The Other Tongue: English Across Cultures, edited by B. B. Kachru, 58–73. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • NEPS Network. 2023. National Educational Panel Study, Scientific Use File of Starting Cohort First-Year Students. Bamberg: Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories (LIfBi).
  • Nielsen, H. S., M. Rosholm, N. Smith, and L. Husted. 2003. “The School-to-Work Transition of 2 nd Generation Immigrants in Denmark.” Journal of Population Economics 16 (4): 755–786. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-003-0164-z.
  • Pager, D., and D. S. Pedulla. 2015. “Race, Self-Selection, and the job Search Process.” American Journal of Sociology 120 (4): 1005–1054. https://doi.org/10.1086/681072.
  • Phelps, E. S. 1972. “The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism.” The American Economic Review 62 (4): 659–661.
  • Ryan, E. 1979. “Why do low-Prestige Language Varieties Persist?” In Language and Social Psychology, edited by H. Giles, and R. N. St. Clair, 145–157. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Ryan, E. B., M. Hewstone, and H. Giles. 1984. “Language and Intergroup Attitudes.” In Attitudinal Judgment, edited by J. R. Eiser, 135–158. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Schiel, S., K. Sandbrink, F. Aust, N. Chudziak, and M. Kleudgen. 2016. Methodenbericht. CILS4EU-Projekt: CAPI-Befragung von jungen Erwachsenen in Deutschland. infas Institut für angewandte Sozialwissenschaft GmbH.
  • Schmaus, M., and C. Kristen. 2021. “Foreign Accents in the Early Hiring Process: A Field Experiment on Accent-Related Ethnic Discrimination in Germany.” International Migration Review 56 (2): 562–593. https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183211042004.
  • Shields, M. A., and S. W. Price. 2002. “The English Language Fluency and Occupational Success of Ethnic Minority Immigrant men Living in English Metropolitan Areas.” Journal of Population Economics 15 (1): 137–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00003836.
  • Sidanius, J., and F. Pratto. 1999. Social Dominance: An Intergroup Theory of Social Hierarchy and Oppression. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Soiné, H., L. Arnold, J. Dollmann, V. Kerzner, L. Kriegel, and M. Weißmann. 2021. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey in Four European Countries – Germany. Technical Report. Wave 8 – 2020, v6.0.0. Mannheim: Mannheim University.
  • Southwood, M. H., and J. E. Flege. 1999. “Scaling Foreign Accent: Direct Magnitude Estimation Versus Interval Scaling.” Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 13 (5): 335–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/026992099299013.
  • Tajfel, H., M. G. Billig, R. P. Bundy, and C. Flament. 1971. “Social Categorization and Intergroup Behaviour.” European Journal of Social Psychology 1 (2): 149–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420010202.
  • Tasiran, A., and K. Tezic. 2007. “Early Labour-Market Experiences of Second-Generation Immigrants in Sweden.” Applied Economics 39 (7): 809–824. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500461915.
  • Timming, A. R. 2017. “The Effect of Foreign Accent on Employability: A Study of the Aural Dimensions of Aesthetic Labour in Customer-Facing and non-Customer-Facing Jobs.” Work, Employment and Society 31 (3): 409–428. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017016630260.
  • Van Wijngaarden, S. J. 2001. “Intelligibility of Native and non-Native Dutch Speech.” Speech Communication 35 (1-2): 103–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(00)00098-4.
  • Wang, H., and V. J. van Heuven. 2003. “Mutual Intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch.” Linguistics in the Netherlands 213: 224.
  • Weiß, R. H. 2006. Grundintelligenztest Skala 2 – Revision (CFT 20-R). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
  • Yao, Y., and J. C. van Ours. 2015. “Language Skills and Labor Market Performance of Immigrants in the Netherlands.” Labour Economics 34: 76–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2015.03.005.