707
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

A text mining analysis of the change in status of the Hagia Sophia on Twitter: the political discourse and its reflections on the public opinion

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Akan, E. (2020). Ayasofya Camisi’nin müzeye çevrilmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları, 125(247), 313–328.
  • Akgül, S., Pazarbaşı, B., & Yıldız, G. (2016). Dış politika alanında siyasal iletişim aracı olarak sosyal ağ Twitter kullanımının karar alma sürecine etkisi: Su 24 Rus uçağının düşürülmesi ile ilgili Türk ve Rus siyasi haber aktörlerinin tweet iletilerinin analizi. AJIT-e: Bilişim Teknolojileri Online Dergisi, 7(25), 37–70. doi:10.5824/1309-1581.2016.4.003.x
  • Aristotle. (2015). Rhetoric. W. R. Roberts Trans., Mockingbird Classics Publishing.
  • Berger, A., Della Pietra, S. A., & Della Pietra, V. J. (1996). A maximum entropy approach to natural language processing. Computational Linguistics, 22(1), 39–71.
  • Berger, J. (2013). Contagious, why things catch on. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
  • Blommaert, J. (2005). Discourse. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Blumer, H. (1948). Public opinion and public opinion polling. American Sociological Review, 13(5), 542–549. doi:10.2307/2087146
  • Bolgov, R., Chernov, I., Ivannikov, I., & Katsy, D. (2019). Battle in Twitter: Comparative analysis of online political discourse (cases of Macron, Trump, Putin, and Medvedev). In A. Chugunov, Y. Misnikov, E. Roshchin, & D. Trutnev (Eds.), Electronic governance and open society: Challenges in Eurasia (pp. 374–384). Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
  • Boyd, D. (2006). Social Network Sites: My definition. Retrieved from:https://www.zephoria.org/thoughts/archives/2006/11/10/social_network-2.html
  • Carpini, M. X. D., & Keeter, S. (1996). What Americans know about politics and why it matters. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
  • Chen, E., Deb, A., & Ferrara, E. (2021). #Election2020: The first public Twitter dataset on the 2020 US Presidential election. Journal of Computational Social Science, 5(1), 1–18. doi:10.1007/s42001-021-00117-9
  • Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing political discourse: Theory and Practice. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Choi, H. (2020). The modern online democracy: An evaluation of social media’s ability to facilitate political discourse. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 12, 277–289.
  • Colleoni, E., Rozza, A., & Arvidsson, A. (2014). Echo chamber or public sphere? Predicting political orientation and measuring political homophily in Twitter using big data. Journal of Communication, 64(2), 317–332. doi:10.1111/jcom.12084
  • Connolly, W. E. (1993). The terms of political discourse (3rd ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
  • Coşkun, B. S. (2019). Türkiye’de anıtsal yapıların korunmasında uygulama boyutunda yaşanan sorunlar: Ayasofya Müzesi ve Fatih Camii örnekleri. Sanat Tarihi Dergisi, 28(1), 39–65. doi:10.29135/std.507263
  • Dahlgren, P. (2009). Media and political engagement: Citizens, communication, and democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Dugan, J. (2013). Cicero’s rhetorical theory. In C. Steel (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to Cicero (pp. 25–40). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Fairclough, I., & Fairclough, N. (2012). Political discourse analysis: A method for advanced students. New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Federico, C. M., & Hunt, C. V. (2013). Political information, political involvement, and reliance on ideology in political evaluation. Political Behavior, 35(1), 89–112. doi:10.1007/s11109-011-9184-7
  • Fetzer, A. (2013). The multilayered and multifaceted nature of political discourse. In A. Fetzer (Ed.), The pragmatics of political discourse: Explorations across cultures (pp. 1–18). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
  • Fuentes, A., Peterson, J. V., & Halcrow, S. E. (2021). Social media and public perception as core aspect of public health: The cautionary case of @realdonaldtrump and COVID-19. PLoS ONE, 16(5), 1–10. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251179
  • Garcia-Sanchez, E., Benetti, P. R., Higa, G. L., Alvarez, M. C., & Gomez-Nieto, E. (2021). Political discourses, ideologies, and online coalitions in the Brazilian Congress on Twitter during 2019. New Media & Society, 1–23. doi:10.1177/14614448211017920
  • Garimella, K., Weber, I., & De Choudhury, M. (2016). Quote RTs on Twitter: Usage of the new feature for political discourse. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM Conference on Web Science, Web Sci’ 16, 200–204. doi:10.1145/2908131.2908170
  • Garimella, K., Gionis, A., De Francisci Morales, G., & Mathioudakis, M. (2018). Political discourse on social media: Echo chambers, gatekeepers, and the price of bipartisanship. In The Proceedings of the 2018 World Wide Web Conference (pp.913–922), Geneva: International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee.
  • Glynn, C. J., Herbst, S., Lindeman, M., O’Keefe, G. J., & Shapiro, R. Y. (2018). Public Opinion (3rd ed.). New York, London: Routledge.
  • Gorodnichenko, Y., Pham, T., & Talavera, O. (2021). Social media, sentiment and public opinions: Evidence from #Brexit and #USElection. European Economic Review, 136, 1–40. doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103772
  • Grefenstette, G. (1999). Tokenization. In H. van Halteren (Ed.), Syntactic Wordclass Tagging. Text, Speech and Language Technology (Vol. 9, pp. 117–133). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9273-4_9
  • Gruzd, A., Wellman, B., & Takhteyev, Y. (2011). Imagining Twitter as an imagined community. American Behavioral Scientist, 55(10), 1294–1318. doi:10.1177/0002764211409378
  • Gurak, L. J., & Antonijevic, S. (2009). Digital rhetoric and public discourse. In A. A. Lunsford, K. H. Wilson, & R. A. Eberly (Eds.), The Sage Handbook of Rhetorical Studies (pp. 497–508). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
  • Haselmayer, M., & Jenny, M. (2017). Sentiment analysis of political communication: Combining a dictionary approach with crowdcoding. Quality & Quantity, 51(6), 2623–2646. doi:10.1007/s11135-016-0412-4
  • Hatfield, E., Cacioppo, J. T., & Rapson, R. L. (1994). Emotional contagion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hayward, K. (2011). Introduction: Political discourse and conflict resolution. In K. Hayward & C. O’Donnell (Eds.), Political discourse and conflict resolution: Debating peace in Northern Ireland (pp. 1–15). New York, NY: Routledge.
  • Hutto, C., & Gilbert, E. (2014). VADER: A parsimonious rule-based model for sentiment analysis on social media text. Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 8(1), 216–225.
  • Java, A., Song, X., Finin, T., & Tseng, B. (2007). Why we Twitter: Understanding microblogging usage and communities. In Proceedings Joint 9th WEBKDD and 1st SNA-KDD Workshop 2007, 56–65. doi:10.1145/1348549.1348556
  • Jungherr, A. (2016). Twitter use in election campaigns: A systematic literature review. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 13(1), 72–91. doi:10.1080/19331681.2015.1132401
  • Khoo, C. S., & Johnkhan, S. B. (2018). Lexicon-based sentiment analysis: Comparative evaluation of six sentiment lexicons. Journal of Information Science, 44(4), 491–511. doi:10.1177/2F0165551517703514
  • Kirelli, Y., & Arslankaya, S. (2020). Sentiment analysis of shared tweets on global warming on Twitter with data mining methods: A case study on Turkish language. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, 2020, 1–9. doi:10.1155/2020/1904172
  • Kurt, Ş. K. (2021). Enformasyonun duygu boyutu: Duygusal bulaşıcılık perspektifinden sosyal ağlarda duygu çalışmaları. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 53, 109–136. doi:10.47998/ikad.863473
  • Lacy, K. (2011). Twitter marketing for dummies. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Lin, Y.-R., Keegan, B., Margolin, D., & Lazer, D. (2014). Rising tides and rising stars? Dynamics of shared attention on Twitter during media events. PLoS ONE, 9(5), 1–12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094093
  • Lippmann, W. (2004). Public opinion. New York, NY: Dover Publications.
  • Liu, B. (2012). Sentiment analysis and opinion mining. Synthesis Lectures On Human Language Technologies, 5(1), 1–167. doi:10.2200/S00416ED1V01Y201204HLT016
  • Liu, B. (2015). Sentiment analysis: Mining opinions, sentiments, and emotions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Luskin, R. C. (1990). Explaining political sophistication. Political Behavior, 12(4), 331–361. doi:10.1007/BF00992793
  • Matalon, Y., Magdaci, O., Almozlino, A., & Yamin, D. (2021 1). Using sentiment analysis to predict opinion inversion in Tweets of political communication. Nature Scientific Reports, 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-86510-w
  • May, J. M. (2002). Brill’s companion to Cicero: Oratory and Rhetoric. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
  • Mohammad, S. M., & Turney, P. D. (2013). Crowdsourcing a word–emotion association lexicon. Computational Intelligence, 29(3), 436–465. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8640.2012.00460.x
  • Mozetič, I., Grčar, M., Smailović, J. (2016). Multilingual Twitter sentiment classification: The role of human annotators. PloS one, 11(5), 1–26. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155036
  • Naldi, M. (2019). A review of sentiment computation methods with R packages. arXiv preprint. arXiv:1901.08319.
  • Nasukawa, T., & Yi, J. (2003). Sentiment analysis capturing favorability using natural language processing. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Knowledge Capture, 1–10. doi:10.1145/945645.945658
  • Neogi, A. S., Garg, K. A., Mishra, R. K., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2021). Sentiment analysis and classification of Indian farmers’ protest using twitter data. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 1(2), 1–11. doi:10.1016/j.jjimei.2021.100019
  • Noelle-Neumann, E. (1974). The spiral of silence: A theory of public opinion. Journal of Communication, 24(2), 43–51. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1974.tb00367.x
  • O’Reilly, T., & Milstein, S. (2011). The Twitter Book. Sebastopol, California: O’Reilly Media.
  • Osakwe, Z. T., Ikhapoh, I., Arora, B. K., & Bubu, O. M. (2020). Identifying public concerns and reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic on Twitter: A text-mining analysis. Public Health Nursing, 38(2), 145–151. doi:10.1111/phn.12843
  • Pak, A., & Paroubek, P. (2010). Twitter as a corpus for sentiment analysis and opinion mining. In Proceedings of the 7th international conference on language resources and evaluation, 1320–1326.doi:10.17148/ijarcce.2016.51274
  • Raisinghani, M. S., & Weiss, R. (2011). The impact of the internet on politics: The “net effect” on political campaigns and elections. International Journal of E-politics, 2(4), 29–40. doi:10.4018/jep.2011100103
  • Ribeiro, F. N., Araujo, M., Gonçalves, P., Gonçalves, M. A., & Benevenuto, F. (2016). SentiBench-a benchmark comparison of state-of-the-practice sentiment analysis methods. EPJ Data Science, 5(23), 1–29. doi:10.1140/epjds/s13688-016-0085-1
  • Silge J and Robinson D. (2016). tidytext: Text Mining and Analysis Using Tidy Data Principles in R. JOSS, 1(3), 37. doi:10.21105/joss.00037
  • Silge, J., & Robinson, D. (2017). Text mining with R: A tidy approach. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media.
  • Srivastava, A., Singh, V., & Drall, G. S. (2019). Sentiment analysis of twitter data: A hybrid approach. International Journal of Healthcare Information Systems and Informatics, 14(2), 1–16. doi:10.4018/IJHISI.2019040101
  • Global Twitter usage. (2021, September 7). Statista. Retrieved September, 7, 2021, from https://www.statista.com/statistics/242606/number-of-active-twitter-users-in-selected-countries/.
  • Stieglitz, S., & Dang-Xuan, L. (2013). Social media and political communication: A social media analytics framework. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 3(4), 1277–1291. doi:10.1007/s13278-012-0079-3
  • Sullivan, A. I. (2021). Hagia Sophia through the ages. Phronema, 36(1), 1–30.
  • Sullivan, A. I. (2021). Hagia Sophia through the ages. Phronema, 36(1), 1–30.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. (1997). What is political discourse analysis? In J. Bloomaert & C. Bulcaen (Eds.), Political linguistics (pp. 11–52). John Benjamins.
  • Van Dijk, T. A. (1997). What is political discourse analysis? In J. Bloomaert & C. Bulcaen (Eds.), Political linguistics (pp. 11–52). John Benjamins.
  • Van Klingeren, M., Trilling, D., & Möller, J. (2021). Public opinion on Twitter? How vote choice and arguments on Twitter comply with patterns in survey data, evidence from the 2016 Ukraine referendum in the Netherlands. Acta Politica, 56, 436–455. doi:10.1057/s41269-020-00160-w
  • Van Klingeren, M., Trilling, D., & Möller, J. (2021). Public opinion on Twitter? How vote choice and arguments on Twitter comply with patterns in survey data, evidence from the 2016 Ukraine referendum in the Netherlands. Acta Politica, 56(3), 436–455. doi:10.1057/s41269-020-00160-w
  • Vijayarani, S., & Janani, R. (2016). Text mining: Open source tokenization tools-an analysis. Advanced Computational Intelligence: An International Journal (ACII), 3(1), 37–47. doi:10.5121/acii.2016.3104
  • Webster, J. J., & Kit, C. (1992). Tokenization as the initial phase in NLP. In COLING ’92: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Vol. 4, 1106–1110.
  • Welbers, K., Van Atteveldt, W., & Benoit, K. (2017). Text Analysis in R. Communication Methods and Measures, 11(4), 245–265. doi:10.1080/19312458.2017.1387238
  • Wilson, T., Wiebe, J., & Hoffmann, P. (2005). Recognizing contextual polarity in phrase- level sentiment analysis. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Language Technology and Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 347–354.
  • Wilson, J. (2015). Political discourse. In D. Tannen, H. E. Hamilton, & D. Schiffrin (Eds.), The handbook of discourse analysis (2nd ed., pp. 775–794). Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Wodak, R. (2011). The discourse of politics in action: Politics as usual (Paperback ed.). United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Wu, B., & Shen, H. (2015). Analyzing and predicting news popularity on Twitter. International Journal of Information Management, 35(6), 702–711. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.07.003
  • Yang, K.-C., Ferrara, E., & Menczer, F. (2022). Botometer 101: Social bot practicum for computational social scientists. doi:10.48550/ARXIV.2201.01608
  • Yaqub, U., Chun, S. A., Atluri, V., & Vaidya, J. (2017). Analysis of political discourse on twitter in the context of the 2016 US presidential elections. Government Information Quarterly, 34(4), 613–626. doi:10.1016/j.giq.2017.11.001
  • Zagidullin, M., Aziz, N., & Kozhakhmet, S. (2021). Government policies and attitudes to social media use among users in Turkey: The role of awareness of policies, political involvement, online trust, and party identification. Technology in Society, 67, 1–28. doi:10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101708
  • Zhang, B., & Vos, M. (2015). How and why some issues spread fast in social media. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 5(1), 90–113. doi:10.29333/ojcmt/2497

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.