513
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Molecular mechanism of anti-obesity effect of total lutein oxidized products (LOPs) in diet-induced obese mice

& ORCID Icon
Article: 2226489 | Received 20 Jan 2023, Accepted 12 Jun 2023, Published online: 26 Jun 2023

References

  • Kivimaki M, Strandberg T, Nyberg ST, et al. Body-mass index and risk of obesity-related complex multimorbidity: an observational multicohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(4):253–263. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00033-X
  • Klop B, Elte JWF, Cabezas MC. Dyslipidemia in obesity: mechanisms and potential. Nutrients. 2013;5(4):1218–1240. doi:10.3390/nu5041218
  • Jakab J, Miskic B, Miksic S, et al. Adipogenesis as a potential anti-obesity target: a review of pharmacological treatment and natural products. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021;14(1):67–83. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S281186
  • Moseti D, Regassa A, Kim WK. Molecular regulation of adipogenesis and potential anti-adipogenic bioactive molecules. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17(1):1–24. doi:10.3390/ijms17010124
  • Bansal AB, Al Khalili Y. Orlistat. [Updated 2022 Nov 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542202.
  • Kabera JN, Semana E, Mussa AR, et al. Plant secondary metabolites: biosynthesis, classification, function and pharmacological properties. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2014;2(1):377–392.
  • Jaradat N, Zaid AN, Hussein F, et al. Anti-lipase potential of the organic and aqueous extracts of ten traditional edible and medicinal plants in palestine; a comparison study with orlistat. Medicines. 2017;4(4):89–94. doi:10.3390/medicines4040089
  • Kurihara H, Asami S, Shibata H, et al. Hypolipemic effect of Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal) Iljinskaja in lipid-loaded mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003;26(3):383–385. doi:10.1248/bpb.26.383
  • Kim JH, Lee S, Cho EJ. Flavonoids from Acer okamotoanum inhibit adipocyte differentiation and promote lipolysis in the 3T3-L1 cells. Molecules. 2020;25(8):1920–1927. doi:10.3390/molecules25081920
  • Masayuki Y, Yasuna N, Fujimori K. Glycyrrhizic acid suppresses early stage of adipogenesis through repression of MEK/ERK-mediated C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Chem-Biol Interact. 2021;346(1):1–28. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109595
  • Rahman HA, Sahib NG, Saari N, et al. Anti-obesity effect of ethanolic extract from Cosmos caudatus Kunth leaf in lean rats fed a high-fat diet. BMC Complement Altern. Med. 2017;17(1):1–17. doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1640-4
  • Cho SJ, Jung UJ, Choi MS. Differential effects of low-dose resveratrol on adiposity and hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obese mice. Br J Nutr. 2012;108(12):2166–2175. doi:10.1017/S0007114512000347
  • Nie T, Zhao S, Mao L, et al. The natural compound, formononetin, extracted from astragalus membranaceus increases adipocyte thermogenesis by modulating PPARγ activity. Br J Pharmacol. 2018;175(9):1439–1450. doi:10.1111/bph.14139
  • Zheng Y, Choi YH, Lee JH, et al. Anti-obesity effect of erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. extract containing phenolic acids. Foods. 2021;10(6):1–13. doi:10.3390/foods10061266
  • Zhang M, Ikeda K, Xu J, et al. Genistein suppresses adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells via multiple signal pathways. Phytother Res. 2009;23:713–718. doi:10.1002/ptr.2724
  • Saad B, Ghareeb B, Kmail A. Metabolic and epigenetics action mechanisms of antiobesity medicinal plants and phytochemicals. Evid. Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021;2021(1):1–19. doi:10.1155/2021/9995903
  • Jachak SM, Saklani A. Challenges and opportunities in drug discovery from plants. Curr Sci. 2007;92(9):1251–1257. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24097892
  • Nagashree S, Chethankumar M. Antiobesity drug-likeness properties and pancreatic lipase inhibition of a novel low molecular weight lutein oxidized product, LOP6. Food Funct. 2022;13:6036–6055. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO04064B
  • Khachik F. Process for isolation, purification and recrystallization of lutein from saponified marigold oleoresin and uses thereof. Re-issued United States Patent No. US RE40, 938 E. 2009.
  • Folch J, Lees M, Sloane-Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1957;226:497–509. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64849-5
  • Stewart CJM. Colorimetric determination of phospholipids with ammonium ferrothiocyanate. Anal Biochem. 1980;104:10–14. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(80)90269-9
  • Hulcher FH, Oleson WH. Simplified spectrophotometric assay for microsomal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase by measurement of coenzyme A. J Lipid Res. 1973;14:625–631. PMID: 4147523. doi:10.1016/S0022-2275(20)36843-7
  • Nepokroeff CM, Lakshmanan MR, Porter JW. Fatty-acid synthase from rat liver. Methods Enzymol. 1975;35:37–44. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(75)35136-7
  • Markwell MAK, McGroarty EJ, Bieber LL, et al. The subcellular distribution of carnitine acyltransferases in mammalian liver and kidney. J Biol Chem. 1973;248:3426–3432. PMID: 4702872. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)43946-X
  • Venugopala Rao A, Ramakrishnan S. Indirect assessment of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity in liver tissue. Clin Chem. 1975;21(10):1523–1525. PMID: 1157326. doi:10.1093/clinchem/21.10.1523
  • Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem. 1976;72:248–254. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
  • Fasshauer M, Klein J, Neumann S, et al. Hormonal regulation of adiponectin gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002;290(3):1084–1089. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6307
  • Schmittgen TD, Livak KJ. Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative CT method. Nat Protoc. 2008;3:1101–1108. doi:10.1038/nprot.2008.73
  • Collins S, Martin TL, Surwit RS, et al. Genetic vulnerability to diet-induced obesity in the C57BL/6J mouse: physiological and molecular characteristics. Physiol Behav. 2004;81:243–248. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.02.006
  • Harikumar BK, Nimita CV, Preethi KC, et al. Toxicity profile of lutein and lutein ester isolated from marigold flowers. Int J Toxicol. 2008;27:1–9. doi:10.1080/10915810701876265
  • Nidhi B, Baskaran V. Acute and subacute toxicity assessment of lutein in lutein-deficient mice. J Food Sci. 2013;78:T1636–T1642. doi:10.1111/1750-3841.12256
  • Kruger CL, Murphy M, DeFreitas Z, et al. An innovative approach to the determination of safety for a dietary ingredient derived from a new source: case study using a crystalline lutein product. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2002;40:1535–1549. doi:10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00131-X
  • Lakshminarayana R, Aruna G, Sathisha UV, et al. Structural elucidation of possible lutein oxidation products mediated through peroxyl radical inducer 2,2'-Azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride: antioxidant and cytotoxic influence of oxidized lutein in HeLa cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2013;203:448–455. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2013.03.006
  • Nidhi B, Sharavana G, Ramaprasad TR, et al. Lutein derived fragments exhibit higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties than lutein in lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in rats. Food Funct. 2015;450:1–11. doi:10.1039/C4FO00606B
  • Balogun O, Kang HW. Garlic scape (Allium sativum L.) extract decreases adipogenesis by activating AMK-activated protein kinase during the differentiation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Med Food 2022;25(1):24–32. doi:10.1089/jmf.2021.0014
  • Smith S, Witkowski A, Joshi AK. Structural and functional organization of the animal fatty acid synthase. Prog Lipid Res. 2003;42(4):289–317. doi:10.1016/S0163-7827(02)00067-X
  • Kuhajda FP. Fatty-acid synthase and human cancer: new perspectives on its role in tumor biology. Nutrition. 2000;16(3):202–208. doi:10.1016/S0899-9007(99)00266-X
  • Loftus TM, Jaworsky DE, Frehywot GL, et al. Reduced food intake and body weight in mice treated with fatty acid synthase inhibitors. Science. 2000;288(5475):2379–2381. doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2379
  • Jeon S-M, Lee S-A, Choi M-S. Antiobesity and vasoprotective effects of resveratrol in ApoE-deficient. J Med Food. 2014;17(3):310–316. doi:10.1089/jmf.2013.2885
  • Gregoire FM. Understanding adipocyte differentiation. Physiol Rev. 1998;78(3):783–809. doi:10.1152/physrev.1998.78.3.783
  • Lee HY, Suh KS, Kim YI, et al. Bioactive fraction of aronia melanocarpa fruit inhibits adipogenic differentiation of cultured 3T3-L1 cells. Appl Sci. 2021;11(19):1–13. doi:10.3390/app11199224
  • Nigro E, Scudiero O, Monaco ML, et al. New insight into adiponectin role in obesity and obesity-related diseases. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014(1):1–14. doi:10.1155/2014/658913
  • Zhang X, Yang M, Lin L, et al. Runx2 overexpression enhances osteoblastic differentiation and mineralisation in adipose-derived stem cells invitro and invivo. Calcif Tissue Int. 2006;79:169–178. doi:10.1007/s00223-006-0083-6
  • Kha HT, Basseri B, Shouhed D, et al. Oxysterols regulate differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: Pro-bone and anti-fat. J Bone Miner. Res. 2004;19:830–840. doi:10.1359/jbmr.040115
  • Westermann D, Rutschow S, Van Linthout S, et al. Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase attenuates left ventricular dysfunction by mediating pro-inflammatory cardiac cytokine levels in a mouse model of diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 2006;49:2507–2513. doi:10.1007/s00125-006-0385-2
  • Engelman JA, Lisanti MP, Scherer PE. Specific inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase block 3T3-L1 adipogenesis. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(48):32111–32120. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.48.32111
  • Samad F, Yamamoto K, Pandey M, et al. Elevated expression of transforming growth factor-β in adipose tissue from obese mice. Mol Med. 1997;3(1):37–48. PMID: 9132278. doi:10.1007/BF03401666
  • Alessi MC, Bastelica D, Morange P, et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and transforming growth factor-beta1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity. Diabetes. 2000;49(8):1374–1380. doi:10.2337/diabetes.49.8.1374
  • Guidance for Industry Estimating the Maximum Safe Starting Dose in Initial Clinical Trials for Therapeutics in Adult Healthy Volunteers. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) July 2005 Pharmacology and Toxicology. https://www.fda.gov/media/72309/download.