5,183
Views
44
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Assessment of CMIP6 and CMIP5 model performance for extreme temperature in China

CMIP6和CMIP5模式对中国极端温度的模拟能力的评估

, , , &
Pages 589-597 | Received 21 May 2020, Accepted 13 Jul 2020, Published online: 18 Sep 2020

References

  • Avila, F., A. J. Pitman, M. G. Donat, L. V. Alexander, and G. Abramowitz. 2012. “Climate Model Simulated Changes in Temperature Extremes Due to Land Cover Change.” Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 117 (4): 1–19. doi:10.1029/2011JD016382.
  • Chen, H. P., and J. Q. Sun. 2014. “Changes in Climate Extreme Events in China Associated with Warming.” International Journal of Climatology 35 (10): 2735–2751. doi:10.1002/joc.4168.
  • Chen, H. P., and J. Q. Sun. 2015. “Assessing Model Performance of Climate Extremes in China: An Intercomparison between CMIP5 and CMIP3.” Climatic Change 129 (1–2): 197–211. doi:10.1007/s10584-014-1319-5.
  • Dong, S. Y., Y. Xu, B. T. Zhou, and Y. Shi. 2015. “Assessment of Indices of Temperature Extremes Simulated by Multiple CMIP5 Models over China.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 32 (8): 1077–1091. doi:10.1007/s00376-015-4152-5.
  • Eyring, V., S. Bony, G. A. Meehl, C. A. Senior, B. Stevens, R. J. Stouffer, and K. E. Taylor. 2016. “Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) Experimental Design and Organisation.” Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 8 (12): 10539–10583. doi:10.5194/gmdd-8-10539-2015.
  • Flato, G., J. Marotzke, B. J. Abiodun, P. Braconnot, S. C. Chou, W. J. Collins, P. M. Cox, et al. 2013. “Evaluation of Climate Models.” In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 741–866. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.020.
  • Frich, P., L. V. Alexander, P. M. Della-Marta, B. E. Gleason, M. R. Haylock, A. M. G. Klein Tank, and T. C. Peterson. 2002. “Observed Coherent Changes in Climatic Extremes during the Second Half of the Twentieth Century.” Climate Research 19 (3): 193–212. doi:10.3354/cr019193.
  • Gleckler, P. J., K. E. Taylor, and C. M. Doutriaux. 2008. “Performance Metrics for Climate Models.” Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 113 (6): 1–20. doi:10.1029/2007JD008972.
  • Guo, Y., W. J. Dong, F. M. Ren, Z. C. Zhao, and J. B. Huang. 2013. “Assessment of CMIP5 Simulations for China Annual Average Surface Temperature and Its Comparison with CMIP3 Simulations.” Climate Change Research 9: 181–186. (in Chinese).
  • Hersbach, H., B. D. Bell, P. Berrisford, S. Hirahara, A. Horányi, J. Muñoz-Sabater, J. P. Nicolas, et al. 2020. “The ERA5 Global Reanalysis.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 146: 1999–2049. doi:10.1002/qj.3803.
  • Hou, W., Y. Chen, Y. Li, Y. M. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, X. J. Zhu, B. Zhou et al. 2014. “Climatic Characteristics over China in 2013.” Meteorological Monthly 4: 482–493.
  • IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). 2012. “Changes in Climate Extremes and Their Impacts on the Natural Physical Environment.” In Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by, C. B. Field, V. Barros, T. F. Stocker, D. H. Qin, D. J. Dokken, K. L. Ebi, M. D. Mastrandrea et al., 109–230. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
  • Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, et al. 1996. “The NCEP/NCAR 40-year Reanalysis Project”. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 77: 437–470. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2.
  • Kanamitsu, M., W. Ebisuzaki, J. S. Woollen, S. K. Yang, J. J. Hnilo, M. Fiorino, and G. Potter. 2002. “NCEP-DOE AMIP-II Reanalysis (R-2).” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 83: 1631–1643. doi:10.1175/BAMS-83-11-1631.
  • Kong, X. H., A. H. Wang, X. Q. Bi, and D. Wang. 2019. “Assessment of Temperature Extremes in China Using RegCM4 and WRF.” Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 36 (4): 363–377. doi:10.1007/s0037-6-018-8144-0.
  • Liu, B. H., M. Henderson, and M. Xu. 2008. “Spatiotemporal Change in China’s Frost Days and Frost-free Season, 1955–2000.” Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 113 (12): 1–15. doi:10.10-29/2007JD009259.
  • O’Neill, B. C., C. Tebaldi, D. P. Van Vuuren, V. Eyring, P. Friedlingstein, G. C. Hurtt, R. Knutti, et al. 2016. “The Scenario Model Intercomparison Project (Scenariomip) for CMIP6.” Geoscientific Model Development 9 (9): 3461–3482. doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3461-2016.
  • Ren, L. W., D. Q. Wang, N. An, S. Y. Ding, K. Yang, N. Freychet, S. F. B. Tett, B. W. Dong, and F. C. Lott. 2020. “Anthropogenic Influences on the Persistent Night-Time Heat Wave in Summer 2018 over Northeast China.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101 (1): S83–S88. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0152.1.
  • Sillmann, J., V. Kharin, X. B. Zhang, F. W. Zwiers, and D. Bronaugh. 2013a. “Climate Extremes Indices in the CMIP5 Multimodel Ensemble: Part 1. Model Evaluation in the Present Climate.” Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres 118 (4): 1716–1733. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50203.
  • Sillmann, J., V. V. Kharin, F. W. Zwiers, X. B. Zhang, D. Bronaugh, and M. G. Donat. 2014. “Evaluating Model-simulated Variability in Temperature Extremes Using Modified Percentile Indices.” International Journal of Climatology 34 (11): 3304–3311. doi:10.1002/joc.3899.
  • Sillmann, J., V. V. Kharin., F. W. Zwiers, X. B. Zhang, and D. Bronaugh. 2013b. “Climate Extremes Indices in the CMIP5 Multimodel Ensemble: Part 2. Future Climate Projections.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118 (6): 2473–2493. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50188.
  • Taylor, K. E. 2001. “Summarizing Multiple Aspects of Model Performance in a Single Diagram.” Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (D7): 7183–7192. doi:10.1029/2000JD900719.
  • Taylor, K. E., R. J. Stouffer, and G. A. Meehl. 2012. “An Overview of CMIP5 and the Experiment Design.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 93 (4): 485–498. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1.
  • Wang, B., L. H. Zheng, D. L. Liu, F. Ji, A. Clark, and Q. Yu. 2018. “Using Multi-model Ensembles of CMIP5 Global Climate Models to Reproduce Observed Monthly Rainfall and Temperature with Machine Learning Methods in Australia.” International Journal of Climatology 38 (13): 4891–4902. doi:10.1002/joc.5705.
  • Wang, J. X., Y. Chen, S. F. B. Tett, Z. W. Yan, P. M. Zhai, J. M. Feng, and J. J. Xia. 2020. “Anthropogenically-driven Increases in the Risks of Summertime Compound Hot Extremes.” Nature Communications 11 (1): 528. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-14233-8.
  • Wang, Z. Y., S. Yang, Z. J. Ke, and X. W. Jiang. 2014. “Large-scale Atmospheric and Oceanic Conditions for Extensive and Persistent Icing Events in China.” Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 53 (12): 2698–2709. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-14-0062.1.
  • Wu, J., and X. J. Gao. 2013. “A Gridded Daily Observation Dataset over China Region and Comparison with the Other Datasets.” Chinese Journal of Geophysics 56 (4): 1102–1111. doi:10.6038/cjg20130406.
  • Zhou, B. T., Q. Z. Wen, Y. Xu, L. C. Song, and X. B. Zhang. 2014. “Projected Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in China by the CMIP5 Multimodel Ensembles.” Journal of Climate 27 (17): 6591–6611. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00761.1.
  • Zhou, B. T., Y. Xu, J. Wu, S. Y. Dong, and Y. Shi. 2016. “Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Extreme Indices over China: Analysis of a High-resolution Grid Dataset.” International Journal of Climatology 36 (3): 1051–1066. doi:10.1002/joc.4400.