Experimental and numerical study of ice loads on a four-legged semi-submersible

References

• Béal P-A, Yaouanq SL, Septseault C, Cahay M, Roberts B, Mravak Z. 2016. Simulation of iceberg impacts using Ice-MAS: a design tool for simulating ice-structure interactions. Arctic Technology Conference.
   Google Scholar
• Bronnikov A. 1959. Analysis of resistance of cargo ships going through Pack Ice. Trans. Leningrad Shipbuilding Inst.
   Google Scholar
• BV M&O. 2018 Oct. ICE-MAS, Userguide Lightversion. R.D.p.
   Google Scholar
• Cammaert A, Metrikine A, Hoving J. 2011. Performance of minimal offshore platforms in ice environments. Proceedings of the International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions.
   Google Scholar
• Coumans E. 2006. Bullet physics library.
   Google Scholar
• Croasdale K, Bruce J, Liferov P. 2009. Sea ice loads due to managed ice. Proceedings of the International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions.
   Google Scholar
• Dalane O. 2014. Influence of pitch motion on level ice actions. Cold Reg Sci Technol. 108:18–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudal A, Septseault C, Beal P-A, Le Yaouang S, Roberts B. 2015. A new arctic platform design tool for simulating ice-structure interaction. Proceedings of the International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering Under Arctic Conditions.
   Google Scholar
• Hendrikse H, Hammer TC, van den Berg M, Willems T, Owen CC, van Beek K, Ebben NJJ, Puolakka O, Polojärvi A. 2022. Experimental data from ice basin tests with vertically sided cylindrical structures. Data Brief. 41:107877.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoving J, Vermeulen R, Mesu A, Cammaert A. 2013. Experiment-based relations between level ice loads and managed ice loads on an Artic jack-up structure. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions POAC, Espoo (Finland); Jun 9–13; Citeseer.
   Google Scholar
• ITTC. 2005. Experimental uncertainty analysis for ship resistance in ice tank testing. 24th ITTC 2005 Ice Committee.
   Google Scholar
• ITTC. 2008. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in experimental hydrodynamics. Specialist Committee on Uncertainty Analysis of 25th ITTC.
   Google Scholar
• Kheisin D, Popov YN. 1973. Ice navigation qualities of ships.
   Google Scholar
• Kim M-C, Lee S-K, Lee W-J, Wang J-y. 2013. Numerical and experimental investigation of the resistance performance of an icebreaking cargo vessel in pack ice conditions. Int J Nav Archit Ocean Eng. 5(1):116–131.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kujala P, Vuorio J. 1986. Results and statistical analysis of ice load measurements on board icebreaker Sisu in winters 1979 to 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Luo W-Z, Guo C-Y, Wu T-C, Su Y-M. 2018. Experimental research on resistance and motion attitude variation of ship–wave–ice interaction in marginal ice zones. Mar Struct. 58:399–415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Massey FJ Jr. 1951. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for goodness of fit. J Am Stat Assoc. 46(253):68–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nogid L. 1959. Model representation of a ship going through a continuous ice field or pack ice. Trans. of Leningrad Ship Building Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Septseault C, Béal P-A, Le Yaouanq S, Dudal A, Roberts B. 2014. A new ice simulation tool using a multi-model program. OTC Arctic Technology Conference.
   Google Scholar
• Suominen MT. 2011. Statistical modeling of ice induced loads on a ship hull in the Baltic Sea.
   Google Scholar
• Suyuthi A, Leira BJ, Riska K. 2013. Statistics of local ice load peaks on ship hulls. Struct Saf. 40:1–10.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timco GM. 1986. Ice loads on multi-legged structures. Proceeding of the IAHR Symposium on Ice; Iowa, USA. p. 321–337.
   Google Scholar
• Toyama Y, Yashima N. 1994. Model tests of multi-legged structures in continuous and broken ice fields. International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers, Golden (CO).
   Google Scholar
• van den Berg M, Lubbad R, Løset S. 2019. The effect of ice floe shape on the load experienced by vertical-sided structures interacting with a broken ice field. Mar Struct. 65:229–248.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg M, Lubbad R, Løset S. 2020. Repeatability of ice-tank tests with broken ice. Mar Struct. 74:102827.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg M, Owen CC, Hendrikse H. 2022. Experimental study on ice-structure interaction phenomena of vertically sided structures. Cold Reg Sci Technol. 201:103628.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zong Z, Yang BY, Sun Z, Zhang GY. 2020. Experimental study of ship resistance in artificial ice floes. Cold Reg Sci Technol. 176:103102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zong Z, Zhou L. 2019. A theoretical investigation of ship ice resistance in waters covered with ice floes. Ocean Eng. 186:106114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar