Evidence of subpopulation diversification and traces of introgression within Canarian camel breed zoometric standard: scope and opportunities for selection

References

• Abdallah HR, Faye B. 2012. Phenotypic classification of Saudi Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) by their body measurements. Emir J Food Agric. 24:272–280.
   Google Scholar
• Alhaddad H, Alhajeri BH. 2019. Cdrom archive: a gateway to study camel phenotypes. Front Genet. 10:48. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhajeri BH, Alaqeely R, Alhaddad H. 2019. Classifying camel breeds using geometric morphometrics: a case study in Kuwait. Livestock Sci. 230:103824. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103824.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhajeri BH, Alhaddad H, Alaqeely R, Alaskar H, Dashti Z, Maraqa T. 2021. Camel breed morphometrics: current methods and possibilities. Trans R Soc S Aust. 145(1):90–111. doi: 10.1080/03721426.2021.1889347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Hazmi M, Ghandour A, ElGohar M. 1994. A study of the biometry of some breeds of Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Saudi Arabia. Science. 6(1):87–99. doi: 10.4197/Sci.6-1.7.
   Google Scholar
• Assan N. 2015. Prospects for utilization of the relationship between zoometrical measurements and performance traits for poultry and livestock genetic improvement in developing countries. Sci J Anim Sci. 4(11):124–132.
   Google Scholar
• Azimi AM, Marker S, Bhattacharjee I. 2017. Genotypic and phenotypic variability and correlation analysis for yield and its components in late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 6(4):167–173.
   Google Scholar
• Babelhadj B, Benaissa A, Adamou A, Tekkouk-Zemmouchi F, Raache S, Babelhadj T, Guintard C. 2017. Morphozoometric approach of female camels (Camelus dromedarius L.) of the Algerian Sahraoui and Targui populations. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 70(2):65–69. doi: 10.19182/remvt.31483.
   Google Scholar
• Babu K. 2015. Babu KM. 2015. Chapter 3 - Natural textile fibres: animal and silk fibres. In: Sinclair R, editor. Textiles and fashion. Cambridge, England: Woodhead Publishing; p. 57–78.
   Google Scholar
• Bekele B, Kebede K, Tilahun S, Serda B. 2018. Phenotypic characterization of camels and their production system in Yabello and Melka Soda districts. Ethiop J Agric Sci. 28(1):33–49.
   Google Scholar
• Belkhir AO, Chehma A, Faye B. 2013. Phenotypic variability of two principal Algerian camel’s populations (Targui and Sahraoui). Emir J Food Agric. 25(3):231–237. doi: 10.9755/ejfa.v25i3.15457.
   Google Scholar
• Bello MO, Ojo OA, Kabir M, Akinsola OM. 2022. Evaluation of the morphometric traits of camels (Camelus dromedarius) in North-Western Nigeria. Niger J Genet. 36(1):62–70.
   Google Scholar
• Boujenane I. 2019. Comparison of body weight estimation equations for camels (Camelus dromedarius). Trop Anim Health Prod. 51(4):1003–1007. doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1771-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brito NV, Lopes JC, Ribeiro V, Dantas R, Leite JV. 2021. Biometric characterization of the Portuguese autochthonous hens breeds. Animals. 11(2):498. doi: 10.3390/ani11020498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burger PA, Ciani E, Faye B. 2019. Old World camels in a modern world–a balancing act between conservation and genetic improvement. Anim Genet. 50(6):598–612. doi: 10.1111/age.12858.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carracedo JC. 2014. The 1730–1736 eruption of Lanzarote, Canary Islands. In: Gutiérrez F, Gutiérrez M, editors. Landscapes and landforms of Spain. Dordrecht (NL): Springer Netherlands. p. 273–288.
   Google Scholar
• Ceccobelli S, Di Lorenzo P, Panella F, Lasagna E, Sarti FM. 2016. Morphological and genetic characterisation of Pagliarola breed and its genetic relationships with other three indigenous Italian sheep breeds. Ital J Anim Sci. 15(1):47–54. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2016.1139325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cervelló-Royo R, Peiró-Signes Á. 2015. Environmental impact of coastline tourism development in Spain. In: Parsa HG, Vijaya (Vi) Narapareddy, editors. Sustainability, social responsibility, and innovations in the hospitality industry. Oakville (ON): Apple Academic Press; p. 151–170.
   Google Scholar
• Chan JY-L, Leow SMH, Bea KT, Cheng WK, Phoong SW, Hong Z-W, Chen Y-L. 2022. Mitigating the multicollinearity problem and its machine learning approach: a review. Mathematics. 10(8):1283. doi: 10.3390/math10081283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan Y. 2005. Biostatistics 303. Discriminant analysis. Singapore Med J. 46(2):54–61; quiz 62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chniter M, Hammadi M, Khorchani T, Krit R, Benwahada A, Hamouda MB. 2013. Classification of Maghrebi camels (Camelus dromedarius) according to their tribal affiliation and body traits in southern Tunisia. Emir J Food Agric. 25(8):625–634. doi: 10.9755/ejfa.v25i8.16096.
   Google Scholar
• De la Barra R, Martínez M, Carvajal A. 2016. Morphostructural relationships and productive functionality of sheep breeds used for terminal crossbreeding in Chile. Int J Morphol. 34(3):958–962. doi: 10.4067/S0717-95022016000300024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggen A. 2012. The development and application of genomic selection as a new breeding paradigm. Anim Front. 2(1):10–15. doi: 10.2527/af.2011-0027.
   Google Scholar
• El Ouardighi A, El Akadi A, Aboutajdine D. 2007. Feature selection on supervised classification using Wilks lambda statistic. Paper presented at the 2007 International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics; March 28–30, 2007; Agadir, Morocco. doi: 10.1109/ISCIII.2007.367361.
   Google Scholar
• Eusebi PG, Martinez A, Cortes O. 2019. Genomic tools for effective conservation of livestock breed diversity. Diversity. 12(1):8. doi: 10.3390/d12010008.
   Google Scholar
• Fatih A, Celik S, Eyduran E, Tirink C, Tariq MM, Sheikh IS, Faraz A, Waheed A. 2021. Use of MARS algorithm for predicting mature weight of different camel (Camelus dromedarius) breeds reared in Pakistan and morphological characterization via cluster analysis. Trop Anim Health Prod. 53(1):191. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02633-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faye B. 1997. Guide de l‘élevage du dromadaire. Libourne, France: Sanofi Books.
   Google Scholar
• Faye B. 2022. Is the camel conquering the world? Anim Front. 12(4):8–16. doi: 10.1093/af/vfac034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández de Sierra G, Fabelo Marrero FJ. 2017. El camello canario. Lanzarote, Spain: Asociación de Criadores del Camello Canario. Aderlan.
   Google Scholar
• Figueiredo Filho LAS, Do Ó AO, Sarmento JLR, Santos NPDS, Torres TS. 2016. Genetic parameters for carcass traits and body size in sheep for meat production. Trop Anim Health Prod. 48(1):215–218. doi: 10.1007/s11250-015-0921-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González Ariza A, Arando Arbulu A, León Jurado JM, Navas González FJ, Delgado Bermejo JV, Camacho Vallejo ME. 2021. Discriminant canonical tool for differential biometric characterization of multivariety endangered hen breeds. Animals. 11(8):2211. doi: 10.3390/ani11082211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González Ariza A, Arando Arbulu A, Navas González FJ, León Jurado JM, Delgado Bermejo JV, Camacho Vallejo ME. 2022. Data mining-based discriminant analysis as a tool for the study of egg quality in native hen breeds. Sci Rep. 12(1):15873. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20111-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami A, Noirault E, Coombs EJ, Clavel J, Fabre A-C, Halliday TJ, Churchill M, Curtis A, Watanabe A, Simmons NB, et al. 2022. Attenuated evolution of mammals through the Cenozoic. Science. 378(6618):377–383. doi: 10.1126/science.abm7525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris SE. 2017. Horse gaits, balance, and movement: the natural mechanics of movement common to all breeds. London, UK: Souvenir Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann I. 2011. Livestock biodiversity and sustainability. Livest Sci. 139(1–2):69–79. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.03.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglesias C, Navas FJ, Ciani E, Arando A, González A, Marín C, Nogales S, Delgado JV. 2020. Zoometric characterization and body condition score in Canarian camel breed [Análisis biocinemático de locomoción y termografía aplicada en la raza camellar canaria]. Arch Zootec. 69(265):102–107. doi: 10.21071/az.v69i265.5045.
   Google Scholar
• Iglesias Pastrana C, Delgado Bermejo JV, Sgobba MN, Navas González FJ, Guerra L, Pinto DC, Gil AM, Duarte IF, Lentini G, Ciani E. 2022. Camel (Camelus spp.) urine bioactivity and metabolome: a systematic review of knowledge gaps, advances, and directions for future research. Int J Mol Sci. 23(23):15024. doi: 10.3390/ijms232315024.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglesias Pastrana C, Navas González FJ, Ciani E, Arando Arbulu A, Delgado Bermejo JV. 2021. The youngest, the heaviest and/or the darkest? Selection potentialities and determinants of leadership in Canarian dromedary camels. Animals. 11(10):2886. doi: 10.3390/ani11102886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglesias Pastrana C, Navas González FJ, Ciani E, Barba Capote CJ, Delgado Bermejo JV. 2020. Effect of research impact on emerging camel husbandry, welfare and social-related awareness. Animals. 10(5):780. doi: 10.3390/ani10050780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglesias Pastrana C, Navas González FJ, Ciani E, Camacho Vallejo ME, Delgado Bermejo JV. 2022. Bayesian linear regression and natural logarithmic correction for digital image-based extraction of linear and tridimensional zoometrics in dromedary camels. Mathematics. 10(19):3453. doi: 10.3390/math10193453.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglesias Pastrana C, Navas González FJ, Ciani E, Nogales Baena S, Delgado Bermejo JV. 2020. Camel genetic resources conservation through tourism: a key sociocultural approach of camelback leisure riding. Animals. 10(9):1703. doi: 10.3390/ani10091703.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishag I, Eisa M, Ahmed M. 2011. Phenotypic characteristics of Sudanese camels (Camelus dromedarius). Livest Res Rural Dev. 23(24):4.
   Google Scholar
• Ishag I, Reissmann M, Peters K, Musa L, Ahmed M. 2011. Phenotypic and molecular characterization of six Sudanese camel breeds. S Afr J Anim Sci. 40(4):319–326. doi: 10.4314/sajas.v40i4.65244.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kardos M, Armstrong EE, Fitzpatrick SW, Hauser S, Hedrick PW, Miller JM, Tallmon DA, Funk WC. 2021. The crucial role of genome-wide genetic variation in conservation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 118(48):e2104642118. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2104642118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kefena E, Beja-Pereira A, Han J, Haile A, Mohammed Y, Dessie T. 2011. Eco-geographical structuring and morphological diversities in Ethiopian donkey populations. Livest Sci. 141(2–3):232–241. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.06.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Köhler-Rollefson I. 2022. Camel biodiversity—and how to conserve it. Anim Front. 12(4):17–19. doi: 10.1093/af/vfac042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lipovetsky S. 2015. MANOVA, LDA, and FA criteria in clusters parameter estimation. Cog Math. 2(1):1071013. doi: 10.1080/23311835.2015.1071013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marín Navas C, Delgado Bermejo JV, McLean AK, León Jurado JM, Rodriguez de la Borbolla y Ruiberriz de Torres A, Navas González FJ. 2021. Discriminant canonical analysis of the contribution of Spanish and Arabian purebred horses to the genetic diversity and population structure of Hispano-Arabian horses. Animals. 11(2):269. doi: 10.3390/ani11020269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marković B, Dovč P, Marković M, Radonjić D, Adakalić M, Simčič M. 2019. Differentiation of some Pramenka sheep breeds based on morphometric characteristics. Arch Anim Breed. 62(2):393–402. doi: 10.5194/aab-62-393-2019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martínez Raya A, González-Sánchez VM. 2020. Efficiency and sustainability of public service obligations on scheduled air services between Almeria and Seville. Econ Res Ekon Istraž. 33(1):2751–2768. doi: 10.1080/1331677X.2019.1693906.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsuura A, Irimajiri M, Matsuzaki K, Hiraguri Y, Nakanowatari T, Yamazaki A, Hodate K. 2013. Method for estimating maximum permissible load weight for Japanese native horses using accelerometer‐based gait analysis. Anim Sci J. 84(1):75–81. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2012.01041.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meghelli I, Kaouadji Z, Yilmaz O, Cemal İ, Karaca O, Gaouar S. 2020. Morphometric characterization and estimating body weight of two Algerian camel breeds using morphometric measurements. Trop Anim Health Prod. 52(5):2505–2512. doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02204-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehta S, Bhardwaj B, Sahani M. 2007. Status and conservation of Mewari and Jaisalmeri camels in India. Anim Genet Resour Inf. 40:87–101. doi: 10.1017/S1014233900002236.
   Google Scholar
• Melesse A, Yemane G, Tade B, Dea D, Kayamo K, Abera G, Mekasha Y, Betsha S, Taye M. 2022. Morphological characterization of indigenous goat population in Ethiopia using canonical discriminant analysis. Small Rumin Res. 206:106591. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106591.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ovaska U, Bläuer A, Kroløkke C, Kjetså M, Kantanen J, Honkatukia M. 2021. The conservation of native domestic animal breeds in Nordic countries: from genetic resources to cultural heritage and good governance. Animals. 11(9):2730. doi: 10.3390/ani11092730.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pastrana CI, González FJN, Ciani E, Ariza AG, Bermejo JVD. 2021. A tool for functional selection of leisure camels: behaviour breeding criteria may ensure long-term sustainability of a European unique breed. Res Vet Sci. 140:142–152. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.08.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pigière F, Henrotay D. 2012. Camels in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire. J Archaeol Sci. 39(5):1531–1539. doi: 10.1016/j.jas.2011.11.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poulsen J, French A. 2008. Discriminant function analysis. San Francisco (CA): San Francisco State University.
   Google Scholar
• Pourlis A. 2020. Ovine mammary morphology and associations with milk production, milkability and animal selection. Small Rumin Res. 184:106009. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.10.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poyato‐Bonilla J, Sánchez‐Guerrero MJ, Cervantes I, Gutiérrez JP, Valera M. 2021. Genetic parameters for canalization analysis of morphological traits in the Pura Raza Español horse. J Anim Breed Genet. 138(4):482–490. doi: 10.1111/jbg.12537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puig-Diví A, Escalona-Marfil C, Padullés-Riu JM, Busquets A, Padullés-Chando X, Marcos-Ruiz D. 2019. Validity and reliability of the Kinovea program in obtaining angles and distances using coordinates in 4 perspectives. PLOS One. 14(6):e0216448. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216448.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raziq A, Tareen A, De Verdier K. 2011. Characterization and significance of Raigi camel, a livestock breed of the Pashtoon pastoral people in Afghanistan and Pakistan. J Livest Sci. 2:1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Sánchez‐Guerrero MJ, Negro‐Rama S, Demyda‐Peyras S, Solé‐Berga M, Azor‐Ortiz PJ, Valera‐Córdoba M. 2019. Morphological and genetic diversity of Pura Raza Español horse with regard to the coat colour. Anim Sci J. 90(1):14–22. doi: 10.1111/asj.13102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawa A, Bogucki M, Krężel-Czopek S, Neja W. 2013. Relationship between conformation traits and lifetime production efficiency of cows. Int Scholar Res Notices. 2013:1–4. doi: 10.1155/2013/124690.
   Google Scholar
• Schulz U, Tupac-Yupanqui I, Martínez A, Méndez S, Delgado JV, Gómez M, Dunner S, Cañón J. 2010. The Canarian camel: a traditional dromedary population. Diversity. 2(4):561–571. doi: 10.3390/d2040561.
   Google Scholar
• Schulz U. 2008. El camello en Lanzarote. Lanzarote, Spain: Aderlan.
   Google Scholar
• Singh N, Verma O. 2018. Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stressed soil. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 7(3):3114–3117.
   Google Scholar
• Tandoh G, Gwaza D. 2017. Sex dimorphism in the one hump-camel (Camelus dromedarius) from selected populations in Nigeria. J Appl Life Sci Int. 15(3):1–10. doi: 10.9734/JALSI/2017/37788.
   Google Scholar
• Toalombo Vargas PA, Navas González FJ, Landi V, León Jurado JM, Delgado Bermejo JV. 2019. Sexual dimorphism and breed characterization of Creole hens through biometric canonical discriminant analysis across Ecuadorian agroecological areas. Animals. 10(1):32. doi: 10.3390/ani10010032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ucko PJ, Dimbleby GW. 2007. The domestication and exploitation of plants and animals. Piscataway (NJ): Transaction Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Vicente A, Carolino N, Ralão-Duarte J, Gama L. 2014. Selection for morphology, gaits and functional traits in Lusitano horses: I. Genetic parameter estimates. Livest Sci. 164:1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yakubu A, Kaankuka F, Ugbo S. 2011. Morphometric traits of Muscovy ducks from two agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. Tropicultura 29(2):121–124.
   Google Scholar
• Yusuff A, Fayeye T. 2016. Effects of age, sex, season and breed on the body weight and zoometric characteristics of extensively managed Nigerian goats. Nigerian Journal of Agriculture, Food and Environment 12:1–6.
   Google Scholar