160
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Psychological well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19: Relationship with risk perception and fear in the context of health belief model

, , , &
Pages 483-494 | Received 05 Sep 2023, Accepted 08 Jan 2024, Published online: 19 Jan 2024

References

  • Mehta S, Machado F, Kwizera A, et al. COVID-19: a heavy toll on health-care workers. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(3):226–228. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00068-0.
  • Maunder R, Lancee W, Balderson K, et al. Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006;12(12):1924–1932. doi:10.3201/eid1212.060584.6.
  • Brooks SK, Dunn R, Amlôt R, et al. A systematic, thematic review of social and occupational factors associated with psychological outcomes in healthcare employees during an infectious disease outbreak. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60(3):248–257. doi:10.1097/JOM.
  • Kisely S, Warren N, McMahon L, et al. Occurrence, prevention, and management of the psychological effects of emerging virus outbreaks on healthcare workers: rapid review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;369:m1642. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1642.8.
  • Spoorthy MS, Pratapa SK, Mahant S. Mental health problems faced by healthcare workers due to the COVID-19 pandemic–a review. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;51:102119. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102119.9.
  • Reger MA, Piccirillo ML, Buchman-Schmitt J. COVID-19, mental health, and suicide risk among health care workers: looking beyond the crisis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2020;81(5):20com13381. doi:10.4088/JCP.20com13381.
  • De Kock JH, Latham HA, Leslie SJ, et al. A rapid review of the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of healthcare workers: implications for supporting psychological well-being. BMC Public Health. 2021;21(1):104. doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10070-3.
  • Bandyopadhyay S, Baticulon RE, Kadhum M, et al. Infection and mortality of healthcare workers worldwide from COVID-19: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health. 2020;5(12):e003097. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003097.
  • Al Maskari Z, Al Blushi A, Khamis F, et al. Characteristics of healthcare workers infected with COVID-19: A cross-sectional observational study. Int J Infect Dis. 2021;102:32–36. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.009.
  • Karlsson U, Fraenkel C. COVID-19: risks to healthcare workers and their families. BMJ. 2020;371:m3944. doi:10.1136/bmj.m3944.
  • Thanh Le XT, Nguyen Q, Onyango B, et al. Perception toward exposure risk of COVID-19 among health workers in Vietnam: status and correlated factors. Front Public Health. 2021;9:589317. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.589317.
  • Dong YH, Yeo MC, Tham XC, et al. Investigating psychological differences between nurses and other health care workers from the asia-pacific region during the early phase of COVID-19: machine learning approach. JMIR Nurs. 2022;5(1):e32647. doi:10.2196/32647.
  • Chew NWS, Ngiam JN, Tan BYQ, et al. Asian-Pacific perspective on the psychological well-being of healthcare workers during the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. BJPsych Open. 2020;6(6):e116. doi:10.1192/bjo.2020.98.
  • Barua L, Zaman MS, Omi FR, et al. Psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among frontline doctors of Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. F1000Res. 2020;9:1304. doi:10.12688/f1000research.27189.3.
  • Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3):e203976. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976.
  • Tsamakis K, Rizos E, Manolis AJ, et al. COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health of healthcare professionals. Exp Ther Med. 2020;19(6):3451–3453. doi:10.3892/etm.2020.8646.
  • Hall H. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers’ mental health. JAAPA. 2020;33(7):45–48. doi:10.1097/01.JAA.0000669772.78848.8c.
  • Zhang WR, Wang K, Yin L, et al. Mental health and psychosocial problems of medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Psychother Psychosom. 2020;89(4):242–250. doi:10.1159/000507639.
  • Shreffler J, Petrey J, Huecker M. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare worker wellness: a scoping review. West J Emerg Med. 2020;21(5):1059–1066. doi:10.5811/westjem.2020.7.48684.
  • Chew NWS, Lee GKH, Tan BYQ, et al. A multinational, multicentre study on the psychological outcomes and associated physical symptoms amongst healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:559–565. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.049.
  • Tan YQ, Wang Z, Yap QV, et al. Psychological Health of Surgeons in a Time of COVID-19: a Global Survey. Ann Surg. 2023;277(1):50–56. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004775.
  • Charles A, Sheeran P. Health belief model. In: M Conner, P Norman, eds. Predicting and Changing Health Behaviour: Research and Practice with Social Cognition Models. Open University Press, 2015:30–69.
  • Glanz K, Bishop DB. The role of behavioral science theory in development and implementation of public health interventions. Annu Rev Public Health. 2010;31(1):399–418. doi:10.1146/annurev.publhealth.012809.103604.
  • Shahnazi H, Ahmadi-Livani M, Pahlavanzadeh B, et al. Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19: a cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan Province, Northern of Iran. Infect Dis Poverty. 2020;9(1):157. doi:10.1186/s40249-020-00776-2.
  • Arceo E, Jurado JE, Cortez LA, et al. Understanding COVID-19 preventive behavior: an application of the health belief model in the Philippine setting. J Educ Health Promot. 2021;10:228. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1441_20.
  • Rayani M, Rayani S, Najafi-Sharjabad F. COVID-19-related knowledge, risk perception, information seeking, and adherence to preventive behaviors among undergraduate students, southern Iran. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021;28(42):59953–59962. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14934-y.
  • Tong KK, Chen JH, Yu EW, et al. Adherence to COVID-19 precautionary measures: applying the health belief model and generalised social beliefs to a probability community sample. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2020;12(4):1205–1223. doi:10.1111/aphw.12230.
  • Alagili DE, Bamashmous M. The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework for COVID-19 prevention practices. J Infect Public Health. 2020;14(10):1398–1403. doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2021.08.024.
  • Mahindarathne M. Assessing COVID-19 preventive behaviors using the health belief model: A Sri Lankan study. J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2021;16(6):914–919. doi:10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.07.006.
  • Iorfa SK, Ottu IF, Oguntayo R, et al. COVID-19 knowledge, risk perception, and precautionary behavior among Nigerians: a moderated mediation approach. Front Psychol. 2020;11:566773. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566773.
  • Guner NG, Yurumez Y, Güneysu F, et al. COVID-19 risk perception, knowledge, precautions and ınformation sources between healthcare professionals. Phnx Med J. 2021;3(1):20–25. doi:10.38175/phnx.877172.
  • Ahorsu DK, Lin CY, Imani V, et al. The fear of COVID-19 scale: development and ınitial validation. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2022;20(3):1537–1545. doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8.
  • Satici B, Gocet-Tekin E, Deniz ME, et al. Adaptation of the fear of COVID-19 scale: ıts association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2021;19(6):1980–1988. doi:10.1007/s11469-020-00294-0.
  • Goldberg DP, Gater R, Sartorius N, et al. The validity of two versions of the GHQ in the WHO study of mental illness in general health care. Psychol Med. 1997;27(1):191–197. doi:10.1017/s0033291796004242.
  • Kilic C, Rezaki M, Rezaki B, et al. General health questionnaire (GHQ12 & GHQ28): psychometric properties and factor structure of the scales in a Turkish primary care sample. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997;32(6):327–331. doi:10.1007/BF00805437.
  • Duarsa ABS, Mardiah A, Hanafi F, Karmila D, Anulus A. Health belief model concept on the prevention of coronavirus disease-19 using path analysis in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Int J One Health. 2021;7(1):31–36. doi:10.14202/IJOH.2021.31-36.
  • Wahed WYA, Hefzy EM, Ahmed MI, Hamed NS. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and perception of health care workers regarding COVID-19, a cross-sectional study from Egypt. J Community Health. 2020;45(6):1242–1251. doi:10.1007/s10900-020-00882-0.
  • Yıldırım M, Güler A. COVID-19 severity, self-efficacy, knowledge, preventive behaviors, and mental health in Turkey. Death Stud. 2022;46(4):979–986. doi:10.1080/07481187.2020.1793434.
  • Gorini A, Fiabane E, Sommaruga M, et al. Mental health and risk perception among Italian healthcare workers during the second month of the Covid-19 pandemic. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2020;34(6):537–544. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2020.10.007.
  • Jose R, Narendran M, Bindu A, Beevi N, Manju L, Benny PV. Public perception and preparedness for the pandemic COVID 19: a health belief model approach. Clin Epidemiol Glob Health. 2021;9:41–46. doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2020.10.007.
  • Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729.
  • Ning X, Yu F, Huang Q, et al. The mental health of neurological doctors and nurses in Hunan Province, China during the initial stages of the COVID-19 outbreak. BMC Psychiatry. 2020;20(1):436. doi:10.1186/s12888-020-02838-z.
  • Vanhaecht K, Seys D, Bruyneel L, et al. COVID-19 is having a destructive impact on health-care workers’ mental well-being. Int J Qual Health Care. 2021;33(1):mzaa158. doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzaa158.
  • Babore A, Lombardi L, Viceconti ML, et al. Psychological effects of the COVID-2019 pandemic: perceived stress and coping strategies among healthcare professionals. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113366. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113366.
  • Alsolais A, Alquwez N, Alotaibi KA, et al. Risk perceptions, fear, depression, anxiety, stress and coping among Saudi nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Ment Health. 2021;30(2):194–201. doi:10.1080/09638237.2021.1922636.
  • Dominguez-Rodriguez A, Martínez-Arriaga RJ, Herdoiza-Arroyo PE, et al. E-health psychological ıntervention for COVID-19 healthcare workers: protocol for its ımplementation and evaluation. IJERPH. 2022;19(19):12749. doi:10.3390/ijerph191912749.
  • Aminoff V, Sellén M, Sörliden E, Ludvigsson M, Berg M, Andersson G. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Front Psychol. 2021;12:684540. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684540.
  • Soh HL, Ho RC, Ho CS, Tam WW. Efficacy of digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Med. 2020;75:315–325. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.08.020.
  • Ho CSH, Chee CYI, Ho RCM. Mental Health Strategies to Combat the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Beyond Paranoia and Panic. Ann Acad Med Singap. 2020;49(3):155–160. doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.202043.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.