Uptake of NOM fractions by anion-exchange resins in demineralization plants

References

• R. Svoboda, J. Denk, C. Maggi, Influence of carbon dioxide on corrosion in steam turbines. Power Plant Chem. 5 (2003) 581–586.
   Google Scholar
• S.A. Huber, The behaviour of natural organic matter in water treatment and the water water/steam cycle: Deeper insights. Power Plant Chem. 8 (2006) 105–116.
   Google Scholar
• VGB standard, Guidelines for Feed Water, Boiler Water and Steam Quality for Power Plants/Industrial Plants, 3rd ed., instruction sheet VGB-S-010-T-00;2011–12.DE. VGB PowerTech Service GmbH, Essen, 2011, p. 116.
   Google Scholar
• H. Schley, A. Markert, Reverse osmosis as part of the makeup water treatment in the Lippendorf Power Station, in: Proceedings of the Zittau Power Plant Symposium “Application of ion exchange and membrane techniques to makeup boiler water treatment in power plants”, October, Oybin, 2004, pp. 16–17.
   Google Scholar
• P. Hübner, Organics removal in water treatment plants. Power Plant Chem. 13 (2011) 426–435.
   Google Scholar
• T. Schönfelder, A. Lutat, Chemistry of steam water cycles of the Rostock Power Station with special viewing to organic ingredients, in: Proceedings of the Zittau Power Plant Chemistry Symposium “TOC in steam water cycles”, Scientific Reports of the University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Görlitz 67, Zittau, 2000, pp. 26–43.
   Google Scholar
• T. Luukkonen, R. Hukkanen, J. Pellinen, J. Rämö, U. Lasse, Reduction of organic carbon in demineralized make-up water with activated carbon. Power Plant Chem. 14 (2012) 112–119.
   Google Scholar
• T.H. Boyer, P.C. Singer, Stoichiometry of removal of natural organic matter by ion exchange. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 (2008) 608–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S.A. Huber, M. Gluschke, Chromatographic characterization of TOC in process water treatment. Ultrapure Water 3 (1998) 48–52.
   Google Scholar
• S.A. Huber, F.H. Frimmel, Size-exclusion chromatography with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD): A fast and reliable method for the characterization of hydrophilic organic matter in natural waters. Vom Wasser 86 (1996) 277–290.
   Google Scholar
• V. Ender, B. Kettner, T. Schumann, S. Hajdamowicz, The influence of temperature on the removal of organics from natural waters by ion exchange—Laboratory and pilot plant experiments. Power Plant Chem. 8 (2006) 117–125.
   Google Scholar
• M. Pürschel, E. Worch, V. Ender, Uptake of the low-molecular-weight neutrals NOM fraction by different anion exchange resins–Equilibrium data and modelling of breakthrough curves, in: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference “Interaction of Organics and Organic Plant Cycle Treatment Chemicals with Water, Steam, and Materials”, Heidelberg, March, 2012, pp. 21–23.
   Google Scholar
• V. Ender, T. Schumann, S. Sachs, G. Bernhard, On the uptake mechanisms of organics from natural water–Investigations with strong and weak base ion exchangers and their corresponding copolymers. Power Plant Chem. 8 (2006) 541–549.
   Google Scholar
• M. Pürschel, S. Sachs, G. Bernhard, V. Ender, Uptake of multi-disperse starch by anion exchangers, J. Phys. Sci. Appl. 3 (2013).
   Google Scholar
• E. Worch, Adsorption Technology in Water Treatment, Fundamentals, Processes and Modeling, De Gruyter, Berlin, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• J.D. Ritchie, E.M. Perdue, Proton-binding study of standard and reference fulvic acids, humic acids, and natural organic matter. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67 (2003) 85–96.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• J.-P. Croué, D. Violleau, C. Bodaire, B. Legube, Removal of hydrophobic and hydrophilic constituents by anion exchange resin. Water Sci. Technol. 40 (1999) 207–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C.T. Anderson, W.J. Maier, Trace organics removal by anion exchange resins. J. Am. Water Works Assn. 71 (1979) 278–283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Humbert, H. Gallard, H. Suty, J.-P. Croué, Performance of selected anion exchange resins for the treatment of a high DOC content surface water. Water Res. 39 (2005) 1699–1708.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Gottlieb, The reversible removal of naturally occurring organics using resins regenerated with sodium chloride. Ultrapure Water 11 (1996) 53–58.
   Google Scholar
• Y. Tan, J.E. Kilduff, M. Kitis, T. Karanfil, Dissolved organic matter removal and disinfection by product formation control using ion exchange. Desalination 176 (2005) 189–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• E.R. Cornelissen, N. Moreau, W.G. Siegers, A.J. Abrahamse, L.C. Rietveld, A. Grefte, M. Dignum, G. Amy, L.P. Wessels, Selection of anionic exchange resins for removal of natural organic matter (NOM) fractions. Water Res. 42 (2008) 413–423.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Bolto, D. Dixon, R. Eldridge, S. King, K. Linge, Removal of natural organic matter by ion exchange. Water Res. 36 (2002) 5057–5065.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar