Thickness variation in contoured composite parts by vacuum infusion

References

• van Oosterom S, Allen T, Battley M, et al. An objective comparison of common vacuum assisted resin infusion processes. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2019;125:105528. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105528.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osborne T. An introduction to resin infusion. Reinf Plast. 2014;58(1):25–29. doi: 10.1016/S0034-3617(14)70038-4.
   Google Scholar
• Tackitt KD, Walsh SM. Experimental study of thickness gradient formation in the vartm process. Mater Manuf Processes. 2005;20(4):607–627. doi: 10.1081/AMP-200041896.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grofti Z, Croteau‐Labouly B, Boukhili R, et al. Simultaneous characterization of preform expansion and permeability in vacuum assisted resin infusion. Polym Compos. 2022;43(6):3560–3573. doi: 10.1002/pc.26637.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yenilmez B, Senan M, Murat Sozer E. Variation of part thickness and compaction pressure in vacuum infusion process. Compos Sci Technol. 2009;69(11-12):1710–1719. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.05.009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levy A, Hubert P. Vacuum-bagged composite laminate forming processes: predicting thickness deviation in complex shapes. Compos Part A Appl Scid Manufact. 2019;126:105568. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2019.105568.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma Y, Centea T, Nutt SR. Defect reduction strategies for the manufacture of contoured laminates using vacuum BAG-only prepregs. Polym. Compos. 2017;38(9):2016–2025. doi: 10.1002/pc.23773.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernlund G, Grif®th J, Courdji R, et al. Experimental and numerical study of the effect of caul-sheets on corner thinning of composite laminates. [Online]. www.elsevier.com/locate/compositesa.
   Google Scholar
• Kozeny J. Uber Kapillare Leitung der Wasser in Boden. Royal Acad Sci Vienna Proc Class I. 1927;: 136:271–306. https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1571417124968987776.bib?lang=en
   Google Scholar
• Carman PG. Fluid flow through granular beds. Chem Eng Res Des. 1997;75(1 SUPPL):S32–S48. doi: 10.1016/S0263-8762(97)80003-2.
   Google Scholar
• Bickerton S, Sozer EM, Advani SG. Fabric structure and mold curvature effects on preform permeability and mold filling in the RTM process. Part II. Predictions and comparisons with experiments. www.elsevier.com/locate/compositesa.
   Google Scholar
• Trochu F, Ruiz E, Achim V, et al. Advanced numerical simulation of liquid composite molding for process analysis and optimization. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manufact. 2006;37(6):890–902. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2005.06.003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adhikari D, Gururaja S, Hemchandra S. Vacuum infusion in porous preform with different mould configurations: flow simulation and experimental validation. J Reinf Plast Compos. 2021;40(7-8):321–338. doi: 10.1177/0731684420960209.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang B, Jin T, Bi F, et al. Modeling the resin flow and numerical simulation of the filling stage for vacuum-assisted resin infusion process. J Reinf Plast Compos. 2014;33(21):1976–1992. doi: 10.1177/0731684414551039.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Govignon Q, Bickerton S, Kelly PA. Simulation of the reinforcement compaction and resin flow during the complete resin infusion process. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2010;41(1):45–57. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2009.07.007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maung PP, Htet TL, Malysheva GV. Simulation and optimization of vacuum assisted resin infusion process for large-sized structures made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Physics Publishing, Jan. 2020. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/709/2/022041.
   Google Scholar
• Martinez P, Jin B, Nutt S. Permeability of multiaxial and Non-Crimp fabrics for vacuum infusion. In Composites and Advanced Materials Expo, Anaheim, Oct. 2022.
   Google Scholar
• Chan AW, Hwang S. Anisotropic in-Plane permeability of fabric media. Polym Eng Sci. 1991;31(16):1233–1239. doi: 10.1002/pen.760311613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arbter R, Beraud JM, Binetruy C, et al. Experimental determination of the permeability of textiles: a benchmark exercise. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2011;42(9):1157–1168. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.04.021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernet N, Ruiz E, Advani S, et al. Experimental determination of the permeability of engineering textiles: benchmark II. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2014;61:172–184. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.02.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darcy H. Les fontaines publiques de la ville de Dijon. Paris: Dalmont, 1856.
   Google Scholar
• ESI Group. Private communication. 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Caglar B, Yenilmez B, Sozer EM. Modeling of post-filling stage in vacuum infusion using compaction characterization. J Compos Mater. 2015;49(16):1947–1960. doi: 10.1177/0021998314541305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar