Studying practices of interregional security governance and space-making between ECOWAS and the European Union

REFERENCES

• Abrahamsen, R., & Williams, M. C. (2009). Security beyond the state: Global security assemblages in international politics. International Political Sociology, 3(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2008.00060.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamson, F. B. (2016). Spaces of global security: Beyond methodological nationalism. Journal of Global Security Studies, 1(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1093/jogss/ogv003
   Google Scholar
• Adler, E., & Pouliot, V. (2011). International practices. International Theory, 3(1), 1–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/S175297191000031X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akpasom, Y., & Seffer, L. (2021). Insights to complex relationships: ECOWAS–donor relations on regional peace and security. In K. P. Döring, U. Engel, L. Gelot, & J. Herpolsheimer (Eds.), Researching the inner life of the African peace and security architecture: APSA inside-out (pp. 133–156). Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Allen, J. (2016). Topologies of power: Beyond territory and networks. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Balogun, E. (2022). Region-building in West Africa: Convergence and agency in ECOWAS. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Biermann, R., & Koops, J. A. (Eds.). (2017). Palgrave handbook of inter-organizational relations in world politics. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Bischoff, P.-H., Aning, K., & Acharya, A. (Eds.). (2015). Africa in global international relations: Emerging approaches to theory and practice. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Börzel, T. A., & Risse, T. (Eds.). (2016). The Oxford handbook of comparative regionalism. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brahm, F., & Jones, A. (2009). Afrikanistik. In U. v. Hehl, U. John, & M. Ruderdorf (Eds.), Geschichte der Universität Leipzig 1409–2009 (pp. 295–324). Fakultäten, Institute, Zentrale Einrichtungen. Leipziger Universitätsverlag.
   Google Scholar
• Breslin, S., & Croft, S. (Eds.). (2012). Comparative regional security governance. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brosig, M. (2015). Cooperative peacekeeping in Africa: Exploring regime complexity. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, W., & Harman, S. (2013a). African agency in international politics. In W. Brown, & S. Harman (Eds.), African agency in international politics (pp. 1–15). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, W., & Harman, S. (Eds.). (2013b). African agency in international politics. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Bueger, C., & Gadinger, F. (2015). The play of international practice. International Studies Quarterly, 59(3), 449–460. https://doi.org/10.1111/isqu.12202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bueger, C., & Gadinger, F. (2018). International practice theory. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Buzan, B., Wæver, O., & de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New framework for analysis. Lynne Rienner.
   Google Scholar
• Carbone, M. (2021). There is life beyond the European union: Revisiting the organisation of African, Caribbean and pacific states. Third World Quarterly, 42(10), 2451–2468. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2021.1951608
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chafer, T., & Stoddard, E. (2014). The EU, ECOWAS and the multiple dimensions of European–West African relations. In A. B. Akoutou, R. Sohn, M. Vogl, & D. Yeboah (Eds.), Understanding regional integration in West Africa: A multi-thematic and comparative analysis (pp. 41–70). WAI, ZEI.
   Google Scholar
• Charbonneau, B. (2017). Whose ‘West Africa’? The regional dynamics of peace and security. Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 17(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/02589001.2017.1365117
   Google Scholar
• Chilisa, B. (2012). Indigenous research methodologies. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Coleman, K. P., & Tieku, T. K. (Eds.). (2018). African actors in international security: Shaping contemporary norms. Lynne Rienner.
   Google Scholar
• de Coning, C., Gelot, L., & Karlsrud, J. (Eds.). (2016). The future of African peace operations: From the Janjaweed to Boko Haram. Zed Books.
   Google Scholar
• Döring, K. P. (2018). The changing ASF geography: From the intervention experience in Mali to the African capacity for immediate response to crises and the Nouakchott process. African Security, 11(1), 32–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/19392206.2017.1419632
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Döring, K. P., Engel, U., Gelot, L., & Herpolsheimer, J. (Eds.). (2021). Researching the inner life of the African peace and security architecture: APSA inside-out. Brill.
   Google Scholar
• Döring, K. P., & Herpolsheimer, J. (2018). The spaces of intervention for Mali and Guinea-Bissau. South African Journal of International Affairs, 25(1), 61–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10220461.2018.1417898
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Döring, K. P., & Herpolsheimer, J. (2023). Understanding complex, collective actors at African regional organizations: AU and ECOWAS intervention in The Gambia. In S. Marung, & U. Rao (Eds.), Spatial entrepreneurs: Actors and their practices of space-making under the global condition (pp. 137–157). De Gruyter Oldenbourg.
   Google Scholar
• Duggan, N., Haastrup, T., & Mah, L. (2021). Introduction. In T. Haastrup, L. Mah, & N. Duggan (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of EU–Africa relations (pp. 1–7). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• EC, ECOWAS & UEMOA. (2002). Afrique de l'Ouest – Communauté européenne document de stratégie de coopération régionale et programme indicatif régional pour la période 2002–2007.
   Google Scholar
• Engel, U. (2017). Headquarters of international organizations as portals of globalization: The African union commission and its peace and security policies. Comparativ, 27(3-4), 151–170. https://doi.org/10.26014/j.comp.2017.03/04.09
   Google Scholar
• Engel, U. (2018). An emerging inter-regional peace and security partnership: The African union and the European union. In S. Aris, A. Snetkov, & A. Wenger (Eds.), Inter-organisational relations in international security: Cooperation and competition (pp. 170–187). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Engel, U., & Porto, J. G. (2013). (Eds.). Towards an African peace and security regime: Continental embeddedness, transnational linkages, strategic relevance. Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Figueroa Helland, L., & Borg, S. (2014). The lure of state failure. Interventions, 16(6), 877–897. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369801X.2013.798140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gänzle, S., Trondal, J., & Kühn, N. S. (2018). Not So different after all': Governance and behavioral dynamics in the commission of the economic community of west African states (ECOWAS). Journal of International Organization Studies, 9(1), 81–98.
   Google Scholar
• Gibert, M. V. (2007). Monitoring a region in crisis: The European union in West Africa. Chaillot Paper 96. EU Institute for Security Studies (EU ISS).
   Google Scholar
• Haastrup, T. (2013). Charting transformation through security: Contemporary EU–Africa relations. Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Hartmann, C., & Striebinger, K. (2015). Writing the script? ECOWAS’s military intervention mechanism. In T. A. Börzel, & V. v. Hüllen (Eds.), Governance transfer by regional organizations: Patching together a global script (pp. 68–83). Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Hentz, J. J. (Ed.). (2014). Routledge handbook of African security. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Herpolsheimer, J. (2021a). Practices of Inter-regionalism between the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) and the European Union: Paper presented at the ISA Annual Convention, virtual, 6–9 April.
   Google Scholar
• Herpolsheimer, J. (2021b). Spatializing practices of regional organizations during conflict intervention: The politics of ECOWAS and the African union. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Herpolsheimer, J. (2023). AU–REC relations: The practices of inter-regionalism between ECOWAS and the African union. Comparativ, 33(1), 70–88. https://doi.org/10.26014/j.comp.2023.01.05
   Google Scholar
• Ismail, O. (2015). Toward a community of practice: ECOWAS and peace and security policy communities in West Africa. APN working papers 3. African Peacebuilding Network.
   Google Scholar
• Kabia, J. M. (2009). Humanitarian intervention and conflict resolution in West Africa: From ECOMOG to ECOMIL. Ashgate.
   Google Scholar
• Keijzer, N., & Bergmann, J. (2022). Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und humanitäre hilfe. In W. Weidenfeld, & W. Wessels (Eds.), Jahrbuch der europäischen integration 2022 (pp. 341–346). Nomos.
   Google Scholar
• Khadiagala, G. M. (2016). Eminent peacemakers in African conflicts: Contributions, potential and limits. In P. R. Aall, & C. A. Crocker (Eds.), Minding the Gap: African conflict management in a time of change (pp. 201–218). Centre for International Governance Innovation.
   Google Scholar
• Kirchner, E. J., & Dominguez, R. (Eds.). (2011). The security governance of regional organizations. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Latham, R., Kassimir, R., & Callaghy, T. M. (2001). Introduction: Transboundary formations, intervention, order, and authority. In T. M. Callaghy, R. Kassimir, & R. Latham (Eds.), Intervention and transnationalism in Africa: Global–local networks of power (pp. 1–20). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Légaré, K. (2008). Le Narratif Sécuritaire des États Défaillants: Contestation Rivale des Termes de la Souveraineté? Aspects, 2, 143–162.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez Lucia, E. (2018). Rethinking regionalism and the politics of regionalisation: The performance of ECOWAS’s agency by Nigeria and the European union. Journal of International Relations and Development, 21(3), 663–688. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41268-016-0079-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez Lucia, E. (2019). Unpacking the politics of regionalism: What to expect from a socio-political economy of regionalism? International Relations, 33(4), 610–615. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047117819885161d
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez Lucia, E. (2020). A tale of regional transformation: From political community to security regions the politics of security and regionalism in West Africa. Political Geography, 82, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2020.102256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez Lucia, E., & de Almagro, M. (forthcoming). Introduction: Transnational assemblages and the production of security knowledges. New perspectives on security governance in, and on, conflict and post-conflict contexts. Territory, Politics, Governance.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez Lucia, E., & Mattheis, F. (2021). The unintended consequences of interregionalism: New concepts for understanding the entanglements of regionalisms. In E. L. Lucia, & F. Mattheis (Eds.), The unintended consequences of interregionalism: Effects on regional actors, societies and structures (pp. 1–23). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Massey, D. B. (2005). For space. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Müller, L. M. (2020). Whose policy? The role of regional public administrations in the policy-making processes of ASEAN and ECOWAS and the impact of external institutional support [Doctoral dissertation]. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität.
   Google Scholar
• Müller, L. M. (2023). The rise of a regional institution in Africa: Agency and policy-formation within the ECOWAS commission. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Müller, M. (2015). Assemblages and actor-networks: Rethinking socio-material power, politics and space. Geography Compass, 9(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muntschick, J. (2018). The Southern African Development Community (SADC) and the European union (EU): regionalism and external influence. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Murdoch, J. (2005). Post-structuralist geography: A guide to relational space. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Ndlovu-Gatsheni, S. J., Seesemann, R., & Vogt-William, C. (2022). African studies in distress: German scholarship on Africa and the neglected challenge of decoloniality. Africa Spectrum, 57(1), 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1177/00020397221080179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neumann, I. B. (2002). Returning practice to the linguistic turn: The case of diplomacy. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 31(3), 627–651. https://doi.org/10.1177/03058298020310031201
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nivet, B. (2006). Security by proxy? The EU and (sub-)regional organisations: The case of ECOWAS. Occasional Paper No. 63. EU Institute for Security Studies (EU ISS).
   Google Scholar
• Oestreich, J. E. (Ed.). (2012a). International organizations as self-directed actors: A framework for analysis. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Oestreich, J. E. (Ed.). (2012b). Introduction. In J. E. Oestreich (Ed.), International organizations as self-directed actors: A framework for analysis (pp. 1–25). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Ó Tuathail, G. (1996). Critical geopolitics: The politics of writing global space. University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Piccolino, G., & Minou, S. (2017). The EU and regional integration in West Africa: What effects on conflict transformation? In T. Diez, & N. Tocci (Eds.), The EU, promoting regional integration, and conflict resolution (pp. 109–130). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Plank, F. (2022). Evaluating the effectiveness of the ECOWAS–EU interregional partnership on peace and security in the context of the Mali crisis. In J. Muntschick (Ed.), Regionalism in Africa and external partners: Uneven relationships and (Un)Intended effects (pp. 155–188). Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Reinalda, B. (Ed.). (2013). Routledge handbook of international organization. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Reiss, M. (2022). Constructing the East African community: Diffusion from African and European regional organizations. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz-Shea, P., & Yanow, D. (2012). Interpretive research design: Concepts and processes. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Shields, R. (2013). Spatial questions: Cultural topologies and social spatialisations. SAGE.
   Google Scholar
• Söderbaum, F. (2016). Rethinking regionalism. Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Tieku, T. K. (2017). Governing Africa: 3D analysis of the African union's performance. Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Tieku, T. K. (2019). Ruling from the shadows: The nature and functions of informal international rules in world politics. International Studies Review, 10(1), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viz012
   Google Scholar
• Trouille, J.-M., Trouille, H., & Uwimbabazi, P. (Eds.). (2021). The east African community: Intraregional integration and relations with the EU. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Welz, M. (2018). Cooperation and competition: United Nations–African Union relations. In S. Aris, A. Snetkov, & A. Wenger (Eds.), Inter-organisational relations in international security (pp. 54–70). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Witt, A. (2020). Undoing coups: The African union and post-coup intervention in Madagascar. Zed Books.
   Google Scholar