Implementation of the human papillomavirus school-entry requirement in Puerto Rico: barriers and facilitators using the consolidated framework for implementation research

References

• Frieden TR, Harold Jaffe DW, Kent CK, Leahy MA, Martinroe JC, Spriggs SR, Starr TM, Doan QM, King PH, Roper WL, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP); 2014 [accessed 2021 June 1]. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/cme/conted.html.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). How many cancers are linked with HPV each year? CDC; 2020 [accessed 2021 Feb 24]. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/cases.html
   Google Scholar
• National Conference of States Legislatures. HPV vaccine: state legislation and statutes; 2020 [accessed 2020 Mar 4]. https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/hpv-vaccine-state-legislation-and-statutes.aspx#
   Google Scholar
• HPV vaccine mandates for elementary and secondary schools. [accessed 2020 Mar 4]. https://www.immunize.org/laws/hpv.asp
   Google Scholar
• Barraza L, Weidenaar K, Campos-Outcalt D, Yang YT. Human papillomavirus and mandatory immunization laws: what can we learn from early mandates? Public Health Rep. 2016;131(5):728–31. doi:10.1177/0033354916663184.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Community Preventive Services Task Force. What works fact sheet: increasing appropriate vaccination; 2017. [accessed 2021 Mar 30]. https://www.thecommunityguide.org/resources/what-works-increasing-appropriate-vaccination
   Google Scholar
• Virginia Department of Health. School requirements – immunization. [accessed 2020 Mar 11]. http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/immunization/requirements/
   Google Scholar
• District of Columbia Department of Health. District of Columbia immunization requirements school year 2018-2019 [accessed 2020 Mar 11]. http://dcps.dc.gov/service/medication-and-treatment-school.
   Google Scholar
• National HPV Vaccination Roundtable: Rhode Island HPV Immunization Case Study. Cancer control tap [accessed 2021 Mar 30]. https://smhs.gwu.edu/cancercontroltap/resources/national-hpv-vaccination-roundtable-rhode-island-hpv-immunization-case-study
   Google Scholar
• Viens LJ, Henley SJ, Watson M, Markowitz LE, Thomas CC, Thompson TD, Razzaghi H, Saraiya M. Human papillomavirus-associated cancers - United States, 2008-2012. Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep. 2016;65(26):661–66. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6526a1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz AP, Soto-Salgado M, Calo WA, Hull P, Fernández ME, Colon-López V, Tortolero-Luna G. Elimination of cervical cancer in U.S. Hispanic populations: Puerto Rico as a case study. Prev Med. 2021;144:106336. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz AP, Ortiz-Ortiz KJ, Colón-López V, Tortolero-Luna G, Torres-Cintrón CR, Wu C-F, Deshmukh AA. Incidence of cervical cancer in Puerto Rico, 2001-2017. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Jan 14;7(3):456. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2020.7488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz-Ortiz KJ, Ramos-Cartagena JM, Deshmukh AA, Torres-Cintrón CR, Colón-López V, Ortiz AP. Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus incidence, mortality, and survival among the general population and persons living with HIV in Puerto Rico, 2000-2016. JCO Global Oncol. 2021;7(7):133–43. doi:10.1200/go.20.00299.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• CB en Español. Requieren vacuna del virus del Papiloma Humano en escuelas de Puerto Rico – CB en Español. [accessed 2020 Jun 5]. https://cb.pr/requieren-vacuna-del-virus-del-papiloma-humano-en-escuelas-de-puerto-rico/
   Google Scholar
• El Vocero de Puerto Rico. Informan nuevos requisitos de vacunación para próximo año escolar. [accessed 2020 Jun 2]. https://www.elvocero.com/actualidad/informan-nuevos-requisitos-de-vacunaci-n-para-pr-ximo-a-o-escolar/article_296bf6f8-8263-11e9-971e-4fda85497cfe.html
   Google Scholar
• Departamento de Salud de Puerto Rico. Requisitos de Vacunación para el Curso Escolar 2020-2021; 2020 [accessed 2021 Mar 30]. http://www.salud.gov.pr/Documents/Requisitos de Vacunas para el Curso Escolar 2020-2021.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Disease Outbreak Control Division. 2020-2021 School health requirements [accessed 2020 Mar 11]. https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/vaccines-immunizations/school-health-requirements/sy-20-21/
   Google Scholar
• North AL, Niccolai LM. Human papillomavirus vaccination requirements in US schools: recommendations for moving forward. Public Health. 2016;106:1765–70. [accessed 2020 Apr 24] http://www.ajph.org
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vercruysse J, Chigurupati NL, Fung L, Apte G, Pierre-Joseph N, Perkins RB. Parents’ and providers’ attitudes toward school-located provision and school-entry requirements for HPV vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(6):1606–14. doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1140289.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Califano S, Calo WA, Weinberger M, Gilkey MB, Brewer NT. Physician support of HPV vaccination school-entry requirements. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(6):1626–32. doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1149275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorell C, Yankey D, Kennedy A, Stokley S. Factors that influence parental vaccination decisions for adolescents, 13 to 17 years old: national immunization survey-teen, 2010. Clin Pediatr (Phila). [accessed 2020 Apr 28]. 2013;52(2):162–70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23221308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carhart MY, Schminkey DL, Mitchell EM, Keim-Malpass J. Barriers and facilitators to improving Virginia’s HPV vaccination rate: a stakeholder analysis with implications for pediatric nurses. J Pediatr Nurs. 2018;42:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2018.05.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holman DM, Benard V, Roland KB, Watson M, Liddon N, Stokley S. Barriers to human papillomavirus vaccination among us adolescents a systematic review of the literature. JAMA Pediatr. 2014;168(1):76–82 [accessed 2021 Jan 20]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24276343/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cartmell KB, Young-Pierce J, McGue S, Alberg AJ, Luque JS, Zubizarreta M, Brandt HM. Barriers, facilitators, and potential strategies for increasing HPV vaccination: a statewide assessment to inform action. Papillomavirus Res. 2018;5:21–31 [accessed 2020 Feb 24]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29248818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaul S, Do TQN, Hsu E, Schmeler KM, Montealegre JR, Rodriguez AM. School-based human papillomavirus vaccination program for increasing vaccine uptake in an underserved area in Texas. Papillomavirus Res. 2019;8:100189. doi:10.1016/j.pvr.2019.100189.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Means AR, Kemp CG, Gwayi-Chore M-C, Gimbel S, Soi C, Sherr K, Wagenaar BH, Wasserheit JN, Weiner BJ. Evaluating and optimizing the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) for use in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Implem Sci. 2020;15(1):17 [accessed 2020 Apr 23]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32164692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damschroder LJ, Aron DC, Keith RE, Kirsh SR, Alexander JA, Lowery JC. Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science. Implem Sci. 2009;4(1):50 [accessed 2020 Feb 20]. http://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1748-5908-4-50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirk MA, Kelley C, Yankey N, Birken SA, Abadie B, Damschroder L. A systematic review of the use of the consolidated framework for implementation research. Implem Sci. 2016;11(1):72 [accessed 2020 Mar 15]. http://implementationscience.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13012-016-0437-z.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Soi C, Gimbel S, Chilundo B, Muchanga V, Matsinhe L, Sherr K. Human papillomavirus vaccine delivery in Mozambique: identification of implementation performance drivers using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Implem Sci. 2018;13(1). [accessed 2021 Jan 25]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30545391/.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Escoffery C, Riehman K, Watson L, Priess AS, Borne MF, Halpin SN, Rhiness C, Wiggins E, Kegler MC. Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of the HPV VACs (Vaccinate Adolescents Against Cancers) program: a consolidated framework for implementation research analysis. Prev Chronic Dis. 2019;16(7):180406 [accessed 2020 Mar 15]. http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2019/18_0406.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Selove R, Foster M, Mack R, Sanderson M, Hull PC. Using an implementation research framework to identify potential facilitators and barriers of an intervention to increase HPV vaccine uptake. JPHMP. 2017;23(3):e1–e9 [accessed 2020 Mar 15]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27902559.
   Google Scholar
• The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Technical Assistance for users of the CFIR framework. [accessed 2020 Feb 20]. https://cfirguide.org/
   Google Scholar
• ATLAS. ti: the qualitative data analysis & research software. [accessed 2020 Feb 20]. https://atlasti.com/
   Google Scholar
• Luna-Pinto S, Rivera A, Cardona I, Rijo C, Alvarez V, Rodriguez J, Yoerg B, Shapiro C, Patel A. Restoring immunization services provided by the vaccines for children program in Puerto Rico after hurricanes Irma and Maria, 2017-2019. JPHMP. 2020. doi:10.1097/PHH.0000000000001193.
   Google Scholar
• Gay HA, Santiago R, Gil B, Remedios C, Montes PJ, López-Araujo J, Chévere CM, Imbert WS, White J, Arthur DW, et al. Lessons learned from hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico: practical measures to mitigate the impact of a catastrophic natural disaster on radiation oncology patients. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2019;9(5):305–21 [accessed 2021 Mar 31] www.practicalradonc.org.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pullen LC. Puerto Rico after hurricane Maria. Am J Transplan. 2018;18(2):283–84 [accessed 2021 Mar 31]. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ajt.14647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilkey MB, McRee AL. Provider communication about HPV vaccination: a systematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(6):1454–68 [accessed 2021 Mar 8]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26838681/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brabin L, Stretch R, Roberts SA, Elton P, Baxter D, McCann R. The school nurse, the school and HPV vaccination: a qualitative study of factors affecting HPV vaccine uptake. Vaccine. 2011;29(17):3192–96 [accessed 2020 Apr 2]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21354481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández ME, Le YCL, Fernández-Espada N, Calo WA, Savas LS, Vélez C, Aragon AP, Colón-López V. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Puerto Rican mothers and daughters, 2010: a qualitative study. Prev Chronic Dis. 2014;11(12). [accessed 2021 Mar 8]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25474384/.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liebermann E, Van Devanter N, Frías Gúzman N, Ompad D, Shirazian T, Healton C. Parent-level barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccine implementation in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. J Community Health. 2020;45(5):1061–66 [accessed 2021 Feb 25]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32394119/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galbraith-Gyan KV, Lechuga J, Jenerette CM, Palmer MH, Moore AD, Hamilton JB. African-American parents’ and daughters’ beliefs about HPV infection and the HPV vaccine. Public Health Nurs. 2019;36(2):134–43 [accessed 2021 Mar 8]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30548324/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubé E, Gagnon D, Clément P, Bettinger JA, Comeau JL, Deeks S, Guay M, MacDonald S, MacDonald NE, Mijovic H, et al. Challenges and opportunities of school-based HPV vaccination in Canada. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(7–8):1650–55 [accessed 2020 Apr 2] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30633622.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn AG, Surian D, Leask J, Dey A, Mandl KD, Coiera E. Mapping information exposure on social media to explain differences in HPV vaccine coverage in the United States. Vaccine. 2017;35(23):3033–40. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28461067/.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz RR, Smith A, Coyne-Beasley T. A systematic literature review to examine the potential for social media to impact HPV vaccine uptake and awareness, knowledge, and attitudes about HPV and HPV vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(7–8):1465–75. doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1581543.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Washburn T, Devi Wold A, Raymond P, Duggan-Ball S, Marceau K, Beardsworth AM. Current initiatives to protect Rhode Island adolescents through increasing HPV vaccination. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016;12(6):1633–38. doi:10.1080/21645515.2016.1161460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar