156
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Economic characteristics of city bus operation with a mixed fleet: the influence of electric buses

ORCID Icon &
Article: 2192308 | Received 24 Nov 2022, Accepted 13 Mar 2023, Published online: 22 Mar 2023

References

  • Bibra, E. M., E. Connelly, S. Dhir, M. Drtil, P. Henriot, I. Hwang, J.-B. Le Marois, S. McBain, L. Paoli, and J. Teter. 2022. Global EV Outlook 2022: Securing Supplies for an Electric Future. International Energy Agency.
  • Blynn, K., and J. Attanucci. 2019. “Accelerating bus Electrification: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Barriers and Drivers to Scaling Transit Fleet Electrification.” Transportation Research Record 2673: 577–587. doi:10.1177/0361198119842117
  • Bureau of Transportation Statistics. 2020. National Transportation Statistics. Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation. Accessed 9 February 2023. https://www.bts.gov/content/bus-profile.
  • Caves, D. W., L. R. Christensen, and J. A. Swanson. 1981. “Productivity Growth, Scale Economies, and Capacity Utilization in US Railroads, 1955–74.” The American Economic Review 71: 994–1002.
  • Caves, D. W., L. R. Christensen, and M. W. Tretheway. 1980. “Flexible Cost Functions for Multiproduct Firms.” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 477–481. doi:10.2307/1927120
  • Chen, Z., Y. Yin, and Z. Song. 2018. “A Cost-Competitiveness Analysis of Charging Infrastructure for Electric bus Operations.” Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 93: 351–366. doi:10.1016/j.trc.2018.06.006
  • Croissant, Y., W. Roy, and J. Canton. 2013. “Reducing Urban Public Transport Costs by Tendering Lots: A Panel Data Estimation.” Applied Economics 45: 3711–3722. doi:10.1080/00036846.2012.730133
  • Deliali, A., D. Chhan, J. Oliver, R. Sayess, K. J. Godri Pollitt, and E. Christofa. 2021. “Transitioning to Zero-Emission bus Fleets: State of Practice of Implementations in the United States.” Transport Reviews 41: 164–191. doi:10.1080/01441647.2020.1800132
  • Durango-Cohen, P. L., and E. C. McKenzie. 2018. “Trading off Costs, Environmental Impact, and Levels of Service in the Optimal Design of Transit bus Fleets.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 114: 354–363. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2018.01.030
  • Environmental Protection Administration. 2018. Air Pollution Control Act.
  • European Automobile Manufacturers Association. 2022. Buses: What are they and why they are so Important. European Automobile Manufacturers Association. Accessed 9 February 2023. https://www.acea.auto/fact/buses-what-they-are-and-why-they-are-so-important.
  • Filippini, M., and P. Prioni. 2003. “The Influence of Ownership on the Cost of bus Service Provision in Switzerland - an Empirical Illustration.” Applied Economics 35: 683–690. doi:10.1080/0003684032000056788
  • Gaudry, M., and E. Quinet. 2009. Track Wear-and-tear Cost by Traffic Class: Functional form, Zero Output Levels and Marginal Cost Pricing Recovery on the French Rail Network.
  • He, F., D. Wu, Y. Yin, and Y. Guan. 2013. “Optimal Deployment of Public Charging Stations for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” Transportation Research Part B: Methodological 47: 87–101. doi:10.1016/j.trb.2012.09.007
  • Henningsen, A., and J. D. Hamann. 2007. “systemfit: A Package for Estimating Systems of Simultaneous Equations in R.” Journal of Statistical Software 23: 1–40. doi:10.18637/jss.v023.i04
  • International Energy Agency. 2022. Electric bus Registrations by Region, 2015–2020. International Energy Agency.
  • McCarthy, P. 2014. “US Airport Costs and Production Technology a Translog Cost Function Analysis.” Journal of Transport Economics and Policy (JTEP) 48: 427–447.
  • Meishner, F., and D. Uwe Sauer. 2020. “Technical and Economic Comparison of Different Electric bus Concepts Based on Actual Demonstrations in European Cities.” IET Electrical Systems in Transportation 10: 144–153. doi:10.1049/iet-est.2019.0014
  • Musso, A., and M. V. Corazza. 2015. “Visioning the bus System of the Future: Stakeholders’ Perspective.” Transportation Research Record 2533: 109–117. doi:10.3141/2533-12
  • National Renewable Energy Laboratory. 2021. Electrifying Transit: A Guidebook for Implementing Battery Electric Buses. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy.
  • N’guessan, Y. G., A. Featherstone, O. Odeh, and S. Upendram. 2017. “Choice of the Empirical Definition of Zero in the Translog Multiproduct Cost Functional Form.” Applied Economics Letters 24: 1112–1120. doi:10.1080/13504851.2016.1259735
  • Nurhadi, L., S. Borén, and H. Ny. 2014. “A Sensitivity Analysis of Total Cost of Ownership for Electric Public bus Transport Systems in Swedish Medium Sized Cities.” Transportation Research Procedia 3: 818–827. doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2014.10.058
  • Ottoz, E., G. Fornengo, and M. Di Giacomo. 2009. “The Impact of Ownership on the Cost of bus Service Provision: An Example from Italy.” Applied Economics 41: 337–349. doi:10.1080/00036840601007260
  • Pternea, M., K. Kepaptsoglou, and M. G. Karlaftis. 2015. “Sustainable Urban Transit Network Design.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 77: 276–291. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.024
  • Qin, N., A. Gusrialdi, R. Paul Brooker, and A. T-Raissi. 2016. “Numerical Analysis of Electric bus Fast Charging Strategies for Demand Charge Reduction.” Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 94: 386–396. doi:10.1016/j.tra.2016.09.014
  • R Core Team. 2020. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing.
  • Sakai, H., and K. Shoji. 2010. “The Effect of Governmental Subsidies and the Contractual Model on the Publicly-Owned bus Sector in Japan.” Research in Transportation Economics 29: 60–71. doi:10.1016/j.retrec.2010.07.009
  • Spady, R. H., and A. F. Friedlaender. 1978. “Hedonic Cost Functions for the Regulated Trucking Industry.” The Bell Journal of Economics, 159–179. doi:10.2307/3003618
  • Thorne, R. J., I. B. Hovi, E. Figenbaum, D. R. Pinchasik, A. H. Amundsen, and R. Hagman. 2021. “Facilitating Adoption of Electric Buses Through Policy: Learnings from a Trial in Norway.” Energy Policy 155: 112310. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112310
  • Toft, A., and T. Bjørndal. 1997. “The Structure of Production in the Norwegian Fish-Processing Industry: An Empirical Multi-Output Cost Analysis Using a Hybrid Translog Functional Form.” Journal of Productivity Analysis 8: 247–267. doi:10.1023/A:1007703620674
  • Topal, O., and İ Nakir. 2018. “Total Cost of Ownership Based Economic Analysis of Diesel, CNG and Electric bus Concepts for the Public Transport in Istanbul City.” Energies 11: 2369. doi:10.3390/en11092369
  • Vepsäläinen, J., F. Baldi, A. Lajunen, K. Kivekäs, and K. Tammi. 2018. “Cost-benefit Analysis of Electric Bus Fleet with Various Operation Intervals.” Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), pp. 1522–1527.
  • Viton, P. A. 1981. “A Translog Cost Function for Urban bus Transit.” The Journal of Industrial Economics, 287–304. doi:10.2307/2098305

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.