117
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Multicultural and social justice competencies for school stakeholders: a Delphi study

, &

References

  • American School Counselor Association. (2018). ASCA Position Statements. https://www.schoolcounselor.org/getmedia/d597c40b-7684-445f-b5ed-713388478486/Position-Statements.pdf
  • American School Counselor Association. (2019a). ASCA national model: A framework for school counseling programs (4th ed.).
  • American School Counselor Association. (2019b) . ASCA school Counselor professional standards & competencies.
  • American School Counselor Association. (2022). ASCA ethical standards for school counselors. https://www.schoolcounselor.org/About-School-Counseling/Ethical-Responsibilities/ASCA-Ethical-Standards-for-School-Counselors-(1)
  • Bemak, F., & Chung, R. C. Y. (2008). New professional roles and advocacy strategies for school counselors: A multicultural perspective to move beyond the nice counselor syndrome. Journal of Counseling & Development, 86(3), 372–381. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2008.tb00522.x
  • Boyes-Watson, C., & Pranis, K. (2020). Circle forward. Living Justice Press.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press.
  • Brown, L. V., Dari, T. & Spencer, N. (2019). Addressing the Impact of Trauma in High Poverty Elementary Schools: An Ecological Model for School Counseling. In K. Daniels & K. Billingsley (Eds.), Creating Caring and Supportive Educational Environments for Meaningful Learning (pp. 135–153). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5748-7.ch008
  • Cholewa, B., Goodman, S. E., Warren, J. M., & Hull, M. F. (2020). School counselor consultation preparation: A national study. Counselor Education & Supervision, 59(1), 46–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.12165
  • Clayton, M. J. (1997). Delphi: A technique to harness expert opinion for critical decision-making tasks in education. Educational Psychology, 17(4), 373–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144341970170401
  • Colburn, A. N., Grothaus, T., Hays, D. G., & Milliken, T. (2016). A Delphi study and initial validation of counselor supervision competencies. Counselor Education and Supervision, 55(1), 2–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.12029
  • Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage Publications.
  • Crook, T. M., Stenger, S., & Gesselman, A. (2015). Exploring perceptions of social justice advocacy competence among school counselors. Journal of Counselor Leadership & Advocacy, 2(1), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/2326716X.2014.996831
  • Dalkey, N. C. (1969). An experimental study of group opinion. Futures, 1(5), 408–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-3287(69)80025-X
  • Dalkey, N. C. (1972). The Delphi method: An experimental study of group opinion. In N. C. Dalkey, D. L. Rourke, R. Lewis, & D. Snyder (Eds.), Studies in the quality of life: Delphi and decision-making (pp. 13–54). Lexington Books.
  • Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.9.3.458
  • Dari, T., & Gay, J. (2022). Suicide Prevention in Schools: It’s not just School Counselors. Teaching and Supervision in Counseling Journal. https://doi.org/10.7290/tsc04q91z
  • DeMatthews, D. (2018). Social justice dilemmas: Evidence on the successes and shortcomings of three principals trying to make a difference. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 21(5), 545–559. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2016.1206972
  • Doughty, E. A. (2009). Investigating adaptive grieving styles: A Delphi study. Death Studies, 33(5), 462–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481180902805715
  • Feldwisch, R. P., & Whiston, S. C. (2015). Examining school counselors’ commitments to social justice advocacy. Professional School Counseling, 19(1), 166–175. https://doi.org/10.5330/1096-2409-19.1.166
  • Fletcher, J. M., & Vaughn, S. (2009). April. Response to intervention: Preventing and remediating academic difficulties. Child Development Perspectives, 3(1), 30–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2008.00072.x
  • Herlihy, B., & Dufrene, R. L. (2011). Current and emerging ethical issues in counseling: A Delphi study of expert opinions. Counseling and Values, 56(1–2), 10–24. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2011.tb01028.x
  • Horner, R. H., & Sugai, G. (2015). School-wide PBIS: An example of Applied Behavior analysis implemented at a scale of social importance. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 8(1), 80–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40617-015-0045-4
  • Hsu, C., & Sandford, B. A. (2007). The Delphi technique: Making sense of consensus. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 12(10), 1–8.
  • Iqbal, S., & Pipon-Young, L. (2009). The Delphi method. The Psychologist, 22(7), 598–600.
  • Johnson, K. F., Brookover, D. L., Gantt‐Howrey, A., Clemons, K. L. & Robins, L. B. (2022). Antiracism internship: Applying the ecological social justice school counseling theory. Counselor Education & Supervision, 62(2), 185–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.12253
  • Kaplan, D. M., & Gladding, S. T. (2011). A vision for the future of counseling: The 20/20 principles for unifying and strengthening the profession. Journal of Counseling & Development, 89(3), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2011.tb00101.x
  • Keeney, S., Hasson, F., & McKenna, H. (2011). The Delphi technique in nursing and health research. John Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444392029
  • Leibowitz-Nelson, S. L. (2020). Multicultural and social justice competent school practices: A collection of conceptual, Delphi study, and phenomenological manuscripts. [ Doctoral dissertation, North Carolina State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Leibowitz-Nelson, S. B., Baker, S. B., & Nassar, S. (2020). Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies: Institutional interventions for professional school counselors. Journal of Counselor Leadership & Advocacy, 7(1), 42–54. https://doi.org/10.1080/2326716X.2020.1727384
  • Lemberger, M. E., & Hutchison, B. (2014). Advocating student-within-environment: A humanistic approach for therapists to animate social justice in the schools. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 54(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167812469831
  • Leva, K. P., Steen, S. & Beasley, J. J. (2022). Preparing school counselors for social justice group counseling: Examining power, privilege, and intersectionality. Counselor Education & Supervision, 61(4), 362–378. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceas.1225
  • Linstone, H. A., & Turoff, M. (1975). The Delphi method: Techniques and applications. Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
  • Murphy, R. (2022). How children make sense of their permanent exclusion: A thematic analysis from semi-structured interviews. Emotional & Behavioural Difficulties, 27(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632752.2021.2012962
  • Murphy, M. K., Black, N. A., Lamping, D. L., McKee, C. M., Sanderson, C. F., Askham, J., & Marteau, T. (1998). Consensus development methods, and their use in clinical guideline development. Health Technology Assessment, 2(3), 1–88. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta2030
  • Nassar, S., Al-Qimlass, A., Karacan-Ozdemir, N., & Tovar, L. Z. (2019a). Considerations for career intervention services in global youth workforce development: Consensus across policy, research, and practice. Empirical Research in Vocational Education and Training, 11(5), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40461-019-0080-4
  • Nassar, S., Al-Qimlass, A., & Ozdemir, N. K. (2019b). A tripartite model of program evaluation: Implications for effective career services and workforce development. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 25(2), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-019-09410-6
  • Parikh, S. B., Post, P., & Flowers, C. (2011). Relationship between a belief in a just world and social justice advocacy attitudes of school counselors. Counseling and Values, 56(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.2011.tb01031.x
  • Powell, C. (2003). The Delphi technique: Myths and realities. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 41(4), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2003.02537.x
  • Ratts, M. J., DeKruyf, L., & Chen-Hayes, S. F. (2007). The ACA advocacy competencies: A social justice advocacy framework for professional school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 11(2), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.5330/PSC.n.2010-11.90
  • Ratts, M. J., & Greenleaf, A. T. (2017). Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies. Professional School Counseling, 21(1), 28–48. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759X18773582
  • Ratts, M. J. & Greenleaf, A. T. (2018). Counselor–advocate–scholar model: Changing the dominant discourse in counseling. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 46(2), 78–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmcd.12094
  • Ratts, M. J., & Hutchins, A. M. (2009). ACA advocacy competencies: Social justice advocacy at the client/student level. Journal of Counseling & Development, 87(3), 269–275. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6678.2009.tb00106.x
  • Ratts, M. J., Singh, A. A., Nassar, S., Butler, S. K., & McCullough, J. R. (2015). Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies. Retrieved from http://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/competencies/multicultural-and-social-justice-counseling-competencies.pdf?sfvrsn=20
  • Ratts, M. J., Singh, A. A., Nassar, S., Butler, S. K., & McCullough, J. R. (2016). Multicultural and social justice counseling competencies: Guidelines for the counseling profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 44(1), 28–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmcd.12035
  • Robinson, T. L. (1999). The intersections of dominant discourses across race, gender, and other identities. Journal of Counseling & Development, 77(1), 73–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1999.tb02423.x
  • Runyan, H., Grothaus, T., & Michel, R. E. (2019). Classroom management competencies for school counselors: A Delphi study. Professional School Counseling, 22(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156759X19834293
  • Scheele, D. S. (1975). Reality construction as a product of Delphi interaction. In H. A. Linstone & M. Turoff (Eds.), The Delphi method: Techniques and applications (pp. 37–71). Addison Wesley Publishing Company.
  • Smith, P. H. (2016). Transnational faculty work in counselor education: A Delphi study. [ Doctoral dissertation, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro]ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.
  • Strear, M. M. (2017). Forecasting an inclusive future: School counseling strategies to deconstruct educational heteronormativity. Professional School Counseling, 20(1a), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.5330/1096-2409-20.1a.47
  • Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(4), 477–486. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1992.tb01642.x
  • Sullivan, A. L., Worrell, F. C., & Jimerson, S. R. (2022). Reconceptualizing school Psychology for the 21st Century: The future of school Psychology in the United States. School Psychology Review, 51(6), 647–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/2372966X.2022.2139131
  • Sweeney, A., Greenwood, K. E., Williams, S., Wykes, T., & Rose, D. S. (2013). Hearing the voices of service user researchers in collaborative qualitative data analysis: The case for multiple coding. Health Expectations, 16(4), e89–e99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00810.x
  • Vázquez-Ramos, R., Leahy, M., & Hernández, N. E. (2007). The Delphi method in rehabilitation counseling research. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 50(2), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552070500020101
  • Vera, E. M., & Speight, S. L. (2003). Multicultural competence, social justice, and counseling psychology: Expanding our roles. The Counseling Psychologist, 31(3), 253–272. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000003031003001
  • Westers, K. L., & Borders, L. D. (2014). Research competencies in counseling: A Delphi study. Journal of Counseling and Development, 92(4), 447–458. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00171.x
  • Wiersma, W., & Jurs, S. (2009). Research methods in education: An introduction (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
  • Wilhelm, W. J. (2001). Alchemy of the oracle: The Delphi technique. The Delta Pi Epsilon Journal, 43(1), 6–26.
  • Yeh, C. J. (2004). Multicultural and contextual research and practice in school counseling. The Counseling Psychologist, 32(2), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000003261358
  • Ziglio, E. (1996). The Delphi method and its contributions to decision-making. In M. Adler & E. Ziglio (Eds.), Gazing into the oracle: The Delphi method and its applications to social policy and public health (pp. 3–33). Jessica Kinglsea Publishers.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.