Need for achievement and financial performance: a mediating role of board creativity

References

• Abadli, R., Kooli, C., & Otmani, A. (2020). Entrepreneurial culture and promotion of exporting in Algerian SMEs: Perception, reality and challenges. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 41(2), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2020.109933
   Google Scholar
• Abdul Wahab, E. A., Ahmad, N. H., & Ismail, K. (2018). Board of directors’ roles and firm performance: A mediating effect of organizational learning. Management Science Letters, 8(11), 1265–1274.
   Google Scholar
• Adams, S. M., & Flynn, P. M. (2015). Local knowledge advances women’s access to corporate boards. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 13(6), 836–846. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2005.00474.x
   Google Scholar
• Adil, M. S., Hamid, A., & Bin, K. (2019). The relationships between leader creativity expectations, intrinsic motivation, and creative performance. SEISENSE Journal of Management, 2(2), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.33215/sjom.v2i2.123
   Google Scholar
• Al Mamun, A., Rajennd, A., Muniady, L., Ibrahim, M. A. H. B., & Nawi, N. B. C. (2018). Effect of economic vulnerability on entrepreneurial competencies among Malaysian micro-entrepreneurs. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-03-2018-0013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amabile, T. M., Barsade, S. G., Mueller, J. S., & Staw, B. M. (2005). Affect and creativity at work. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(3), 367–403. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, N., Potočnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206314527128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andriopoulos, C. (2001). Determinants of organisational creativity: A literature review. Management Decision, 39(10), 834–841. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740110402328
   Google Scholar
• Anwar, M., Khan, S. Z., & Khan, N. U. (2018). Intellectual capital, entrepreneurial strategy and new ventures performance: Mediating role of competitive advantage. Business & Economic Review, 10(1), 63–94. https://doi.org/10.22547/BER/10.1.3
   Google Scholar
• Arya, M., & Maurya, S. P. (2016). Relationship between creativity, intelligence and academic achievement among school going children. Studies on Home and Community Science, 10(1-3), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/09737189.2016.11885359
   Google Scholar
• Baccouche, C., Erraïs, O., & Mzoughi, K. (2010). Determinants of voluntary CSR reporting: The case of Tunisian companies. In Intangible capital: Status and prospects. Working Paper, ISCAE.
   Google Scholar
• Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.51.6.1173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bawuah, I. (2024). The moderator role of corporate governance on capital structure-performance nexus: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2298030. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2298030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BOT (Bank of Tanzania). (2023). List of Licensed microfinance institutions; https://www.bot.go.tz/BankSupervision/Institutions.
   Google Scholar
• Byron, K., & Post, C. (2016). Women on boards of directors and corporate social performance: A meta-analysis. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 24(4), 428–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/corg.12165
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai, D., Song, Q., Ma, S., Dong, Y., & Xu, Q. (2018). The relationship between credit constraints and household entrepreneurship in China. International Review of Economics & Finance, 58, 246–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2018.03.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmeli, A., Reiter-Palmon, R., & Ziv, E. (2010). Inclusive leadership and employee involvement in creative tasks in the workplace: The mediating role of psychological safety. Creativity Research Journal, 22(3), 250–260. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2010.504654
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Changalima, I. A., Ismail, I. J., & Mchopa, A. D. (2023). Effects of supplier selection and supplier monitoring on public procurement efficiency in Tanzania: A cost-reduction perspective. Vilakshan - XIMB Journal of Management, https://doi.org/10.1108/XJM-04-2022-0077
   Google Scholar
• Chazan, D. J., Pelletier, G. N., & Daniels, L. M. (2022). Achievement goal theory review: An application to school psychology. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 37(1), 40–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/08295735211058319
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, J., Leung, W. S., & Goergen, M. (2017). The impact of board gender composition on dividend payouts. Journal of Corporate Finance, 43, 86–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2017.01.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, G., Luo, S., Tang, Y., & Tong, J. Y. (2015). Passing probation: Earnings management by interim CEOs and its effect on their promotion prospects. Academy of Management Journal, 58(5), 1389–1418. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0351
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chi, C. G., & Gursoy, D. (2009). Employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction, and financial performance: An empirical examination. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(2), 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.08.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, Y. H., & Lee, J.-H. (2018). Entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial education and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-05-2018-0028
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cho, Y. H., & Lee, J.-H. (2022). Entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial intention and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJIE-05-2018-0028
   Google Scholar
• CMSA (Capital Market and Security Authority) guideline. (2002). Regulatory framework; United Republic of Tanzania, https://www.cmsa.go.tz/pages/regulatory-framework
   Google Scholar
• Conradi, K., Jang, B. G., & McKenna, M. C. (2014). Motivation terminology in reading research: A conceptual review. Educational Psychology Review, 26(1), 127–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-013-9245-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis, K. J., Vianna, G. M., Meeuwig, J. J., Meekan, M. G., & Pannell, D. J. (2019). Estimating the economic benefits and costs of highly‐protected marine protected areas. Ecosphere, 10(10), e02879. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2879
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Stobbeleir, K. E. M., Ashford, S. J., & Buyens, D. (2011). Self-regulation of creativity at work: The role of feedback-seeking behavior in creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 54(4), 811–831. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.64870144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. (2011). Bis small business survey, department for business, innovation and skills.
   Google Scholar
• Dunne, T. C., Aaron, J. R., McDowell, W. C., Urban, D. J., & Geho, P. R. (2016). The impact of leadership on small business innovativeness. Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 4876–4881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, J., Grave, E., Gunel, B., Chaudhary, V., Celebi, O., Auli, M., & Conneau, A. (2020). Self-training improves pre-training for natural language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.02194.
   Google Scholar
• Ellili, N. O. D. (2023). Bibliometric analysis on corporate governance topics published in the Journal of Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 23(1), 262–286. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-03-2022-0135
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falola, H. O., Salau, O. P., Olokundun, M. A., Oyafunke-Omoniy, C. O., Ibidunni, A. S., & Osibanjo, O. A. (2018). Employees’ intrapreneurial engagement initiatives and its influence on organisational survival. Business: Theory and Practice, 19(0), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.19.21576
   Google Scholar
• Fatima, T., & Bilal, A. R. (2019). Achieving SME performance through individual entrepreneurial orientation: An active social networking perspective. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 12(3), 399–411. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-03-2019-0037
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelstein, S., Hambrick, D. C., & Cannella, A. A.Jr, (2009). Strategic Leadership: Theory and Research on Executives, Top Management Teams, and Boards. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Forbes, D. P., & Milliken, F. J. (1999). Cognition and corporate governance: Understanding boards of directors as strategic decision-making groups. The Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 489–505. https://doi.org/10.2307/259138
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382–388. https://doi.org/10.2307/3150980
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gajda, A. (2016). The relationship and moderators of school achievement and creativity at different educational stages. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 19, 246–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2015.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grant, A. M., & Berry, J. W. (2011). The necessity of others is the mother of invention: Intrinsic and prosocial motivations, perspective taking, and creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 54(1), 73–96. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2011.59215085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gürol, Y., & Atsan, N. (2006). Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students: Some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education + Training, 48(1), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400910610645716
   Google Scholar
• Gyapong, E., Ahmed, A., Ntim, C. G., & Nadeem, M. (2019). Board gender diversity and dividend policy in Australian listed firms: The effect of ownership concentration. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 2019, 1–41.
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An introduction to structural equation modeling. In J. F. Hair, G. T. M. Hult, C. M. Ringle, M. Sarstedt, N. P. Danks, & S. Ray (Eds.), Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook.
   Google Scholar
• Hambrick, D. C., & Mason, P. A. (1984). Upper Echelons: The organization as a reflection of its top managers. The Academy of Management Review. Academy of Management, 9(2), 193–206. https://doi.org/10.2307/258434
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanifah, H., Abd Halim, N., Vafaei-Zadeh, A., & Nawaser, K. (2022). Effect of intellectual capital and entrepreneurial orientation on innovation performance of manufacturing SMEs: Mediating role of knowledge sharing. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(6), 1175–1198. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-06-2020-0186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison, C., Paul, S., & Burnard, K. (2016). Entrepreneurial leadership in retail pharmacy: Developing economy perspective. Journal of Workplace Learning, 28(3), 150–167. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-01-2015-0004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hastings, J. S., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). How financial literacy and impatience shape retirement wealth and investment behaviors. NBER Work Paper, 16740
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Horváthová, J., Mokrišová, M., Suhányiová, A., & Suhányi, L. (2015). Selection of key performance indicators of chosen industry and their application in formation of creditworthy model. Procedia Economics and Finance, 34(15), 360–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01641-x
   Google Scholar
• Hsieh, C.-T., Hurst, E., Jones, C. I., & Klenow, P. J. (2019). The allocation of talent and us economic growth. Econometrica, 87(5), 1439–1474. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA11427
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Igbekoyi, O. E., Adegbayibi, A. T., & Adesina, A. S. (2021). Female directors and corporate social performance of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Journal of African Research in Business & Technology, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5171/2021.811467Ilaboya
   Google Scholar
• Ismail, I. J. (2022). Entrepreneurial start-up motivations and growth of small and medium enterprises in Tanzania: The role of entrepreneur’s personality traits. FIIB Business Review, 11(1), 79–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/23197145211068599
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. C. (1986). Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. American Economic Review, 76, 323–329.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm: Managerial behaviour, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JICA. (2017). Data Collection Survey on Small and Medium Enterprise Finance in the United Republic of Tanzania Final Report. February, 1–66.
   Google Scholar
• Karimi, S., Ahmadi Malek, F., & Yaghoubi Farani, A. (2022). The relationship between proactive personality and employees’ creativity: The mediating role of intrinsic motivation and creative self-efficacy. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 4500–4519. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.2013913
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenani, I. M. (2018). Corporate governance and performance of savings and credit co-operative societies in Kisii County, Kenya. International Academic Journal of Human Resource Business Administration, 3(4), 101–123.
   Google Scholar
• Khatib, S. F. A., Abdullah, D. F., Elamer, A. A., & Abueid, R. (2020). Nudging toward diversity in the boardroom: A systematic literature review of board diversity of financial institutions. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(2), 985–1002. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2665
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kipesha, E. F. (2013). Performance of microfinance institutions in Tanzania: Integrating financial and non financial metrics. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(4), 94–105.
   Google Scholar
• Kirsch, A. (2018). The gender composition of corporate boards: A review and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly, 29(2), 346–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.06.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lentju_senkova, O., & Lapin, A. I. (2020). An integrated process-based approach to intellectual capital management. Business Process Management Journal, 26(7), 1833–1850.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., Wei, Z., & Xie, F. (2014). Do women directors improve firm performance in China? Journal of Corporate Finance, 28, 169–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2013.11.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, Y., Ntim, C. G., Zhang, Q., & Li, P. (2022). Board of directors’ attributes and corporate outcomes: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. International Review of Financial Analysis, 84, 102424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102424
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makona, A., Elias, R., Makuya, V., & Changalima, I. A. (2023). Does innovation ambidexterity influence restaurant economic performance in the post-COVID-19 era? The mediating effect of customer orientation. Cogent Business & Management, 10(2), 2242164. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2242164
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makuya, V. (2023). Enterprising tendencies and economic well-being among Retirees: Experience from Dodoma City of Tanzania. Tanzania Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 22(1), 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Matinde, E. (2013). The quality of corporate governance practices of Tanzania listed firms [Doctoral dissertation]. Mzumbe University.
   Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand.
   Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C. (1965). N achievement and entrepreneurship: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1(4), 389–392. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland, D. C. (1965). Toward a theory of motive acquisition. The American Psychologist, 20(5), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0022225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mgeni, T. O. (2015). Impact of entrepreneurial leadership style on business performance of SMEs in Tanzania. Journal of Entrepreneurship & Organization Management, 4(2), 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• Mlowosa, T. P., Kalimang’asi, N., & Mathias, B. D. (2014). The role of microfinance institutions in improving the economic status of women in Tanzania: The case study of PRIDE Tanzania (Arusha Branch). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(11), 1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Naz, F., Ijaz, F., & Naqvi, F. (2016). Financial performance of firms: Evidence from Pakistan cement industry. Journal of Teaching and Education, 5(01), 81–94.
   Google Scholar
• Nazir, M. A., Khan, R. S., & Khan, M. R. (2023). Identifying prosperity characteristics in small and medium-sized enterprises of Pakistan: Firm, strategy and characteristics of entrepreneurs. Journal of Asia Business Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-09-2022-
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nduka, O. (2016). Employee motivation and performance (Issue December).
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, T. H. H., Ntim, C. G., & Malagila, J. K. (2020). Women on corporate boards and corporate financial and non-financial performance: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. International Review of Financial Analysis, 71(2020), 101554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101554
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S. (2010). Top management team diversity: A review of theories and methodologies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(3), 301–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00263.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolić, N., Jovanović, I., Nikolić, D., Mihajlović, I., & Schulte, P. (2019). Investigation of the factors influencing SME failure as a function of its prevention and fast recovery after failure. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 9(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1515/erj-2017-0030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ntim, C. G. (2015). Board diversity and organizational valuation: Unravelling the effects of ethnicity and gender. Journal of Management & Governance, 19(1), 167–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-013-9283-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ntim, C. G. (2016). Corporate governance, corporate health accounting, and firm value: The case of HIV/AIDS disclosures in Sub-Saharan Africa. The International Journal of Accounting, 51(2), 155–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intacc.2016.04.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nwekpa, K. C., & Wabara, S. T. (2022). Creativity and the performance of family business: A study of ABC transport Plc., Nigeria. International Journal of Development and Management Review, 17(1), 66–86. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijdmr.v17i1.5
   Google Scholar
• Odebiyi, I. I., Ijiwole, A. A., & Abodunde, S. M. (2017). Influence of creativity and innovation on family business: An empirical investigation in Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Business & Law Research, 5(3), 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Payne, S. M., & Whitworth, D. E. (2022). Increasing creative self-efficacy: Developing the confidence of biochemistry undergraduates to innovate. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education: A Bimonthly Publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 50(3), 296–306. https://doi.org/10.1002/bmb.21628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piperopoulos, P., & Dimov, D. (2015). Burst bubbles or build steam? Entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 970–985. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12116
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, N. A., Yaacob, Z., & Radzi, R. M. (2015 Adoption of motivation theory in SME leadership: A Malaysian study [Paper presentation]. In The 7th Indonesia International Conference on Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Small Business (IICIES 2015),. School of Business and Management Institut Teknologi Bandung, 325–331.
   Google Scholar
• Rao, K., & Tilt, C. (2016). Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making. Journal of Business Ethics, 138(2), 327–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2613-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashid, A. (2015). Revisiting agency theory: Evidence of board independence and agency cost from Bangladesh. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(1), 181–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2211-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richter, A. W., Hirst, G., Van Knippenberg, D., & Baer, M. (2012). Creative self-efficacy and individual creativity in team contexts: Cross-level interactions with team informational resources. The Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(6), 1282–1290. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringo, D. S., Tegambwage, A., & Kazungu, I. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurial orientation on export performance: Evidence from manufacturing SMEs in Tanzania. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2157769. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2157769
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocha, J. F. (2014). Direito financeiro local (finanças locais). Universidade do Minho; Centro de Estudo Jurídicos do Minho (CEJUR).
   Google Scholar
• Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S. Y., Yani-De-Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2015). The role of perceived university support in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 1127–1145.0014. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12090WOS:00036143560
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanyaolu, W. A., Eniola, A. A., Zhaxat, K., Nursapina, K., Kuangaliyeva, T. K., & Odunayo, J. (2022). Board of directors’ gender diversity and intellectual capital efficiency: The role of international authorisation. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1), 2122802. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2122802
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiehll, E., & Bellavance, F. (2009). Boards of directors, CEO ownership, and the use of non-financial performance measures in the CEO bonus plan. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(1), 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2008.00723.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, S., Van Hoof, H. B., & Park, S. (2017). The impact of board composition on firm performance in the restaurant industry: A stewardship theory perspective. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(8), 2121–2138. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2016-0283
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, S., & Makuya, V. (2022). Corporate governance and firm performance: Evidence from microfinance institutions in Tanzania. African Journal of Accounting and Social Science Studies, 4(2), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajasss.v4i2.16
   Google Scholar
• TAMFI (Tanzania Association of Microfinance Institutions). (2021). Current members of TAMFI. http://tamfi.ac.tz
   Google Scholar
• Thuku, P. W. (2019). Influence of retirement. Preparation on happiness in retirement: A case of Nyeri influence of retirement preparation on happiness in retirement: A case of Nyeri County (vol. 1, 1–20).
   Google Scholar
• Torchia, M., Calabrò, A., & Morner, M. (2011). Board of directors’ diversity, creativity, and cognitive conflict the role of board members’ interaction. International Studies of Management & Organization, 45(1), 6–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/00208825.2015.1005992
   Google Scholar
• Toste, J. R., Didion, L., Peng, P., Filderman, M. J., & McClelland, A. M. (2020). A meta-analytic review of the relations between motivation and reading achievement for K–12 students. Review of Educational Research, 90(3), 420–456. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654320919352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNCDF (Unlocking public and private finance for the poor). (2022). Accelerating MFI integration into an Inclusive Digital Economy; A case study of Tanzania (pp. 33).
   Google Scholar
• Van Anh, H., & Hoang Thi Ngoc, N. (2023). The board of directors characters and corporate performance [Paper presentation]. In 4th Asia Pacific International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, https://doi.org/10.46254/AP04.20230295
   Google Scholar
• Westphal, J. D., Gulati, R., & Shortell, S. M. (1997). Customization or conformity? An institutional and network perspective on the content and consequences of TQM adoption. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(2), 366–394. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393924
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, Q., Liu, L., Malik, H., Chupradit, S., & Chupradit, P. W. (2021). The influence of entrepreneurial characteristics on the performance of tourism Vlogger entrepreneurs. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(August), 725545. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.725545
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang, X. J., Lin, A., Li, X.-L., Wu, Y., Zhou, W., & Chen, Z. (2013). China’sion-adsorption rare earth resources, mining consequences and preservation. Environmental Development, 8, 131–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2013.03.006
   Google Scholar
• Yousafzai, S. Y., Saeed, S., & Muffatto, M. (2015). Institutional theory and contextual embeddedness of women’s entrepreneurial leadership: Evidence from 92 Countries. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(3), 587–604. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12179
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yusof, M., Sandhu, M. S., & Jain, K. K. (2007). Relationship between psychological characteristics and entrepreneurial inclination: A case study of students at University Tun Abdul Razak (Unitar). Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 3, 1.
   Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., & Hoever, I. J. (2014). Research on workplace creativity: A review and redirection. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1(1), 333–359. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091226
   Google Scholar