Unveiling the glass ceiling phenomenon and mitigating strategies through organizational justice: a conceptual paper

References

• Abdullah, A. S., & Ismail, S. N, Corresponding author, School of Education and Modern Language, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia, [email protected]. (2019). A Structural Equation Model Describes Factors Contributing Teachers’ Job Stress in Primary Schools. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12180a
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akpebu Adjah, O., & Van der Walt, T. (2019). Career progression of female librarians in public university libraries in Ghana. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 51(2), 331–345. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961000617742445
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattarai, G. (2020). Organizational Justices and Employees’ Demography: Empirical Evidence form Nepalese Employees. Researcher: A Research Journal of Culture and Society, 4(2), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.3126/researcher.v4i2.34625
   Google Scholar
• Brown, G., Bemmels, B., & Barclay, L. J. (2010). The importance of policy in perceptions of organizational justice. Human Relations, 63(10), 1587–1609. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726710362273
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buser, T. (2016). The impact of losing in a competition on the willingness to seek further challenges. Management Science, 62(12), 3439–3449. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chordiya, R. (2022). A Study of Interracial Differences in Turnover Intentions: The Mitigating Role of Pro-Diversity and Justice-Oriented Management. Public Personnel Management, 51(2), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/00910260211061824
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colquitt, J. A. (2001). On the dimensionality of organizational justice: A construct validation of a measure. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 386–400. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.386
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cropanzano, R., Bowen, D. E., & Gilliland, S. W. (2007). The management of organizational justice. Academy of Management Perspectives, 21(4), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2007.27895338
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Da Silva, J. C., Ferreira, M. C., & Martins, L. F. (2022). A Scale of Barriers and Facilitators of Female Leadership: Construction and Evidence of Validity. Trends in Psychology, 2(3), 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Datta, S., &Agarwal, U. A. (2017). Factors effecting career advancement of Indian women managers. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 6(3), 314–336. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-07-2016-0062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dimovski, V., Skerlavaj, M., & Man, M. M. K. (2010). Is there a glass ceiling for female managers in Singapore organizations. Management, 5(4), 307–329.
   Google Scholar
• Dollija, E., Theodhori, O., & Çollaku, M. (2018). An empirical analysis of the barriers faced by women managers in Albanian banking sector. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(2), 18–27.
   Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H. (1997). Sex differences in social behavior: comparing social role theory and evolutionary psychology. The American Psychologist, 52(12), 1380–1383. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.52.12.1380.b 9414607
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (1999). The origins of sex differences in human behavior: Evolved dispositions versus social roles. American Psychologist, 54(6), 408–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.6.408
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Fishbaugh, L. (1981). Sex differences in conformity: Surveillance by the group as a determinant of male nonconformity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40(2), 384–394. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.40.2.384
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edirisinghe, C. L. (2018). The paradox of glass ceiling effect: A study on the individual barrier and organizational barrier among female executives in the selected large apparel industry, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 8(8), 2250–3153.
   Google Scholar
• Eghlidi, F. F., & Karimi, F. (2020). The Relationship between dimensions of glass ceiling and organizational commitment of women employees. International Journal of Human Capital in Urban Management, 5(1), 27–34.
   Google Scholar
• Fia, M., & Sacconi, L. (2019). Justice and corporate governance: New insights from Rawlsian social contract and Sen’s capabilities approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 160(4), 937–960. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-018-3939-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foley, S., Kidder, D. L., & Powell, G. N. (2002). The perceived glass ceiling and justice perceptions: An investigation of Hispanic law associates. Journal of Management, 28(4), 471–496. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630202800401
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fyall, R., & Gazley, B. (2015). Applying social role theory to gender and volunteering in professional associations. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 26(1), 288–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-013-9430-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadi, S., Tjahjo No, H. K., & Palupi, M. (2020). Study of organizational justice in SMEs and positive consequences: Systematic review. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(03), 4717–4730.
   Google Scholar
• Helfat, C. E., Harris, D., & Wolfson, P. J. (2006). The pipeline to the top: Women and men in the top executive ranks of U.S. corporations. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(4), 42–64. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2006.23270306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollingworth, L. S. (1916). Sex differences in mental traits. Psychological Bulletin, 13(10), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0072261
   Google Scholar
• Hossain, T. (2020). Effects of glass ceiling on female executives ‘career advancement: an empirical study on employees of Bangladeshi private organization. Journal of Green Business School, 3(01), 14–31.
   Google Scholar
• Hunton, J., Neidermeyer, P., & Weir, B. (1996). Hierarchical and gender differences in private accounting practice. Accounting Horizons, 10(2), 14–31.
   Google Scholar
• Kalungu, P. M., & Bing, W. (2018). The Glass Ceiling: Representation in Question for Kenyan Women Education Managers. Journal of Education and Practice, 9(3), 12–23.
   Google Scholar
• Khosla, I. (2021). Gender differences in perceptions about glass ceiling and affective commitment in the banking sector. IJAR, 7(8), 398–405.
   Google Scholar
• Kiaye, R. E., & Singh, A. M. (2013). The glass ceiling: A perspective of women working in Durban. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 28(1), 28–42.
   Google Scholar
• Kongsomrarn, C., Sangkaho, C., Promlar, A., Phatthanaaoran, P., & Arreeras, T. (2022). A Review: Female’s Career Advancement to An Executive Position in The Service Industry. 2022 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA), 6(8), 1531–1536. https://doi.org/10.1109/DASA54658.2022.9765196
   Google Scholar
• Liu, T., Shen, H., & Gao, J. (2020). Women’s career advancement in hotels: the mediating role of organizational commitment. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(8), 2543–2561. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-12-2019-1030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madera, J. M., Ng, L., Sundermann, J. M., & Hebl, M. (2019). Top management gender diversity and organizational attraction: When and why it matters. Archives of Scientific Psychology, 7(1), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.1037/arc0000060
   Google Scholar
• Mae Kelly, R., &Dabul Marin, A. J. (1998). Position power and women’s career advancement. Women in Management Review, 13(2), 53–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649429810208738
   Google Scholar
• Mahal, P. K. (2014). Work family challenges and their impact on career advancement: A study of Indian women executives. International Journal of Business and Management, 1(2), 22–43.
   Google Scholar
• Mkhatshwa, T., & Genc, B. (2022). Women’s representation in senior and executive management positions in a South African coal mine: A case study. Resources Policy, 79, 102957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102957
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed, F., Elsaid, A. M. M., & Ela, G. M. B. E. A, Future University in Egypt. (2021). Literature Reflections on Career Women Development. The Business and Management Review, 12(02), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.24052/BMR/V12NU02/ART-03
   Google Scholar
• P. Botchway, T., &Kwarteng, A. H. (2018). Electoral reforms and democratic consolidation in Ghana: An analysis of the role of the electoral commission in the Fourth Republic (1992-2016). Asian Research Journal of Arts & Social Sciences, 5(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.9734/ARJASS/2018/39607
   Google Scholar
• Ponomareva, Y., Uman, T., Bodolica, V., & Wennberg, K. (2022). Cultural diversity in top management teams: Review and agenda for future research. Journal of World Business, 57(4), 101328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2022.101328
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Przęczek, C., Rosiński, J., & Manko, B. A. (2020). Research review in organizational justice. Journal for Perspectives of Economic, Political and Social Integration, 6(4), 1–22.
   Google Scholar
• Qu, Y., Jo, W., & Choi, H. C. (2020). Gender discrimination, injustice, and deviant behavior among hotel employees: role of organizational attachment. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 21(1), 78–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2019.1619498
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramos, A., Latorre, F., Tomás, I., & Ramos, J. (2022). Women’s Promotion to Management and Unfairness Perceptions—A Challenge to the Social Sustainability of the Organizations and Beyond. Sustainability, 14(2), 788–801. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14020788
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawls, J. (1958). Justice as fairness. The Philosophical Review, 67(2), 164. https://doi.org/10.2307/2182612
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rawls, J, The Journal of Philosophy, Inc. (1973). Some ordinalist-utilitarian notes on Rawls’s theory of justice. Journal of Philosophy, 70(9), 245–263. https://doi.org/10.2307/2025006
   Google Scholar
• Russen, M., Dawson, M., & Madera, J. M. (2021). Gender discrimination and perceived fairness in the promotion process of hotel employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(1), 327–345. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-07-2020-0647
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samaei, L., Ashraf Ganjuei, F., & Azadfada, S. (2021). Predicting Psychological Capital Based on Glass Ceiling and Organizational Justice in Female Employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth. Journal of Health Promotion Management, 10(5), 96–106.
   Google Scholar
• Scalambrino, F., & Lowery, R. (2017). Social role theory. The Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Theory, 1–2.
   Google Scholar
• Scheuer, C. L., & Loughlin, C. (2020). Could the aging workforce reduce the agency penalty for female leaders? Re-examining the think manager–think male stereotype. Journal of Management & Organization, 26(1), 29–51. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2018.41
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, M. C., & Bos, A. L. (2019). The application of social role theory to the study of gender in politics. Political Psychology, 40(S1), 173–213. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12573
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sengupta, E., Fontan, V. C., & Nezaami, N. (2022). Role of Afghan Women in Higher Education. In Role of Leaders in Managing Higher Education. Emerald Publishing Limited. 48, 85–98.
   Google Scholar
• Shabbir, H., Shakeel, M. A., & Zubair, R. A. (2017). Gender stereotype, glass ceiling and women’s career advancement: An empirical study in service sector of Pakistan. City University Research Journal. 236–246.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, S., & Kaur, R. (2019). Glass ceiling for women and its impact on women’s career progression in the Indian service sector: the moderating role of family structure. International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, 18(2), 235–250. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJICBM.2019.098025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, S., & Kaur, R. (2019). Glass ceiling for women and work engagement: The moderating effect of marital status. FIIB Business Review, 8(2), 132–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/2319714519845770
   Google Scholar
• Suh, J., & Hijal-Moghrabi, I. (2022). The Effects of Fairness on Female Managers’ Perception of Career Prospects and Job Satisfaction: A Study across Sectors. International Journal of Public Administration, 45(8), 644–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2021.1876728
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sujono, D., Tunas, B., & Sudiarditha, I. (2020). Vitality of work involvement in mediation: The effect of organizational justice on organizational citizenship behavior. Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1061–1068. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.11.003
   Google Scholar
• Triana, M. D. C., Gu, P., Chapa, O., Richard, O., & Colella, A. (2021). Sixty years of discrimination and diversity research in human resource management: A review with suggestions for future research directions. Human Resource Management, 60(1), 145–204. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.22052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virakul, B. (2000). Breaking the glass ceiling: a combined work of women’s minds and HRD. Human Resource Development International, 3(1), 15–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/136788600361911
   Google Scholar
• Wan, Y. K. P., & Chan, S. H. J. (2018). Perceptions of casino dealers toward organizational justice: Are there any gender differences? Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism, 17(3), 271–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332845.2017.1406282
   Google Scholar
• Waqar, A., Khan, M. Z., & Ullah, Z. (2019). The prevalence and effects of glass-ceiling in higher education: evidence from Pakistan. City University Research Journal, 9(4), 23–34.
   Google Scholar
• Wesarat, P. O., & Mathew, J. (2017). Theoretical framework of glass ceiling: A case of India’s women academic leaders. Paradigm, 21(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/0971890717700533
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson, K., Tomlinson, J., & Gardiner, J. (2018). The perceived fairness of work–life balance policies: A UK case study of solo‐living managers and professionals without children. Human Resource Management Journal, 28(2), 325–339. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12181
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfgram, M., Akram, T., & Vivona, B. (2020). On the Intersectional Amplification of Barriers to College Internships: A Comparative Case Study Analysis. Wisconsin Center for Education Research, 5(3), 20–35.
   Google Scholar
• Yagüe-Perales, R. M., Pérez-Ledo, P., & March-Chordà, I. (2021). Analysing the impact of the glass ceiling in a managerial career: The case of Spain. Sustainability, 13(12), 6579. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126579
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yean, T. F., & Yusof, A. A. (2016). Organizational justice: A conceptual discussion. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 219, 798–803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.082
   Google Scholar
• Yunita, P. I., & Darma, K. K. Y. (2020). The commitment of organizational justice: A case study. Review of Management, Accounting, and Business Studies, 1(1), 17–26.
   Google Scholar