2,884
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
GENERAL & APPLIED ECONOMICS

Does the shadow economy increase income inequality in the short- and long-run? Empirical evidence from Uganda

ORCID Icon | (Reviewing editor)
Article: 1912896 | Received 10 Feb 2021, Accepted 30 Mar 2021, Published online: 12 Apr 2021

References

  • Berdiev, A. N., & Saunoris, J. W. (2019). On the relationship between income inequality and the shadow Economy. Eastern Economics Journal, 45(2), 224–20. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-018-0120-y
  • Berg, A., & Ostry, J. D. (2011). Inequality and unsustainable growth: Two sides of the same coin? IMF staff discussion note 11/08. International Monetary Fund.
  • Brueckner, M., & Lederman, D. (2018). Inequality and economic growth: The role of initial income. Journal of Economic Growth, 23(3), 341–366. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10887-018-9156-4
  • Chong, A., & Gradstein, M. (2007). Inequality and Informality. Journal of Public Economics, 91(1–2), 159–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2006.08.001
  • Clarke, G. R., Xu, L. C., & Zou., H-F. (2006). Finance and Income Inequality: What Do the Data Tell Us? Southern Economic Journal, 72(3), 578–596. https//:doi.org/10.2307/20111834
  • Dell’Anno, R. (2016a). Analysing the determinants of the shadow economy with a “Separate Approach”. An application of the relationship between inequality and the shadow economy. World Development, 84(2016), 342–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.08.026
  • Dell’Anno, R. (2016b). Inequality and informality in transition and emerging countries. IZA World of Labor, 2016, 325. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.325
  • Doumbia, D., & Kinda, T. (2019). Reallocating public spending to reduce income inequality: Can it work?IMF Working Paper No. 19/188
  • Elgin, C., & Erturk, F. Informal economies around the world: Measures,determinants and consequences. (2019). Eurasian Economic Review, 9(2), 221–237. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40822-018-0105-5
  • Enders, W. (2004). Applied Econometric time series (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Esaku, S. (2019). Trade liberalisation, firm dynamics and export market participation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Doctoral Thesis: North-WestUniversity Press. Avaliable at:.http://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/33122.https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=gC6nudMAAAAJ&hl=en
  • Esaku, S. (2020). Job creation, job destruction and reallocation in Sub-Saharan Africa: Firm-level evidence from Kenyan manufacturing sector. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1782113
  • Fawaz, F., Rahnama, M., & Valcarcel, V. J. (2014). A refinement of the relationship between economic growth and income inequality. Journal of Applied Economics, 46(27), 3351–3361. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.929624
  • Fourie, F. (2018). Enabling the forgotten sector: Informal sector realities, policy approaches and formalization in South Africa. In C. V. Frederick & N. Fourie (Eds.), The South African informal sector: Creating jobs, reducing poverty (pp. 439-476). Human Sciences Research Council.
  • Goel, R. K., & Nelson, M. A. (2016). Shining a light on the shadows: Identifying robust determinants of the shadow economy. Economic Modelling, 58, 351–364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2016.06.009
  • Hailemariam, A., & Dzhumashev, R. (2020). Income inequality and economic growth: Heterogeneity and nonlinearity. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometricss, 24(3), 2020. https://doi.org/10.1515/snde-2018-0084
  • Harris, J. R., & Todaro, M. P. (1970). Migration, unemployment and development: A two-sector analysis. American Economic Review, 60(1), 126–142. https://www.aeaweb.org/aer/top20/60.1.126-142.pdf
  • International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) Researchers (2017), ‘International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) researchers dataset’. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/4YHTPU, Havard Dataverse, V1. Political Risk Services Group.
  • Keho, Y. (2017). The impact of trade openness on economic growth: The case of Cote d’Ivoire. Cogent Economics & Finance, 5(1), 1332820. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2017.1332820
  • Lustig, N., Lopez-Calva, L. F., & Ortiz-Juarez, E. (2013). Declining inequality in Latin America in the 2000s: The cases of Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico. World Development, 44, 129–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.09.013
  • Lwanga-Ntale, C. (2015). Inequality in Uganda: Issues for discussion and further research. Development, 57(3–4), 601–617. https://doi.org/10.1057/dev.2015.44
  • Medina, L., & Schneider, F. (2018). Shadow economies around the world: what did we learn over the last 20 years?IMF Working Paper No. 1817
  • Medina, L., & Schneider, F. (2019). Shedding light on the shadow economy: A global database and the interaction with the official one. CESifo Working Paper No. 7981
  • Menegaki, A. N. (2019). The ARDL method in the energy-growth nexus field; best implementation strategies. Economies, 7(4), 105. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7040105
  • Mishra, A., & Ray, R. (2010). Informality, corruption and inequality.Bath economics research paper no. 13/10. Department of Economics, University of Bath
  • Mugoda, S., Esaku, S., Nakimu, R. K., & Bbaale, E. (2020). The portrait of Uganda’s informal sector: What main obstacles do the sector face? Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1843255. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1843255
  • Organization, I. L. (2002). Decent work and the informal economy. International Labour Office.
  • Pesaran, H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds testing approaches to the analysis of level relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289–326. https://doi.org/10.1002/()1099-1255
  • Pesaran, M. H., & Shin, Y. (1999). An utoregressive distributed lag modelling approach to cointegration analysis. S. Strom Ed., Econometrics and economic theory in the 20th century. Chapter 11 (371–413). The Ragnar Frish Centennial Symposium, Cambridge University Press.
  • Rajan, R. G. (2010). Fault lines: how hidden fractures still threaten the world economy. Princeton University Press.
  • Rajaram, R. (2012). Poverty, income inequality and economic growth: A spatial analysis for the US counties. The Indian Economic Journal, 60(2), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.1177/0019466220120206
  • Ravallion, M. (2001). Growth, inequality and poverty: Looking beyond averages. World Development, 29(11), 1803–1815. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(01)00072-9
  • Rubin, A., & Segal, D. (2015). The effects of economic growth on income inequality in the US. Journal of Macroeconomics, 45, 258–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2015.05.007
  • Seven, U., & Coskun, Y. (2016). Does financial development reduce income inequality and poverty? Evidence from emerging countries. Emerging Markets Review, 26, 34–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2016.02.002
  • Siami-Namini, S., & Hudson, D. (2019). Inflation and income inequality in developed and developing countries. Journal of Economic Studies, 46(3), 611–632. https://doi.org/10.1108/JES-02-2018-0045
  • Solt, F. (2020). Measuring income inequality across countries and over time: The standardized world income inequality database. Social Science Quarterly, SWIID Version 9.0. 101(3), 1183–1199. October 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12795
  • Ssewanyana, S., & Kasirye, I. (2012). Poverty and inequaity dynamics in Uganda: Insights from the Uganda national panel surveys 2005/06 and 2009/10.Research Series No. 94. Retrieve from: https://media.africaportal.org/documents/series94.pdf
  • Stiglitz, J. (2012). The Price of Inequality. Pengiun UK.
  • Tang, T. C. (2010). A reassessment of aggregate import demand function in the Asean-5: A cointegration analysis. The International Trade Journal, 18(3), 239–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/08853900490478131
  • Teobaldelli, D., & Schneider, F. (2013). The influence of direct democracy on the shadow economy. Public Choice, 157(3–4), 543–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0098-2
  • United Nations (2020). World social report. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2020/01/World-Social-Report-2020-FullReport.pdf
  • Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2010). Bounds test approach to cointegration and causality between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth in India. Energy Policy, 38(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2009.08.053
  • World Baank. (2019). Impact of fiscal policy on poverty and inquality in Uganda. Fiscal Incidence Analysis Using the UNHS 2016/2017.Policy Research Working Paper 9051
  • World Bank. (2014). World development indicators. World Bank. www.worldbank.org
  • World Bank. (2020). World development indicators. World Bank. www.worldbank.org