Gender diversity on the board of directors and its impact on the Palestinian financial performance of the firm

References

• Abad, D., Lucas-Pérez, M. E., Minguez-Vera, A., & Yagüe, J. (2017). Does gender diversity on corporate boards reduce information asymmetry in equity markets? BRQ Business Research Quarterly, 20(3), 192–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brq.2017.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdullah, S. N. (2004). Board composition, CEO duality and performance among Malaysian listed companies. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, 4(4), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720700410558871
   Google Scholar
• Abdullah, S. N., & Ismail, K. N. I. K. (2013). Gender, ethnic and age diversity of the boards of large Malaysian firms and performance. Jurnal Pengurusan, 38, 27–40. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2013-38-03
   Google Scholar
• Abidin, Z. Z., Kamal, N. M., & Jusoff, K. (2009). Board Structure and Corporate Performance in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 1(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v1n1p150
   Google Scholar
• Adams, R., & Ferreira, D. (2004). Gender diversity in the boardroom. European Corporate Governance Institute Working Paper Series in Finance, 2(November), 1–295. ECGI. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57273-4
   Google Scholar
• Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94(2), 291–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.10.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adams, R. B., & Funk, P. (2012). Beyond the glass ceiling: Does gender matter? Management Sience, 58(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1475152
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alabede, J. O. (2016). Effect of board diversity on corporate governance structure and operating performance: Evidence from the UK listed firms. Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 7, 67–80. https://doi.org/10.17576/AJAG-2016-07-06
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albulescu, C. T., & Goyeau, D. (2016). The interaction between trade and FDI : The CEE countries experience. HAL, Archives Ouvertes.Fr
   Google Scholar
• Amran, N. A., & Che Ahmad, A. (2011). Board mechanisms and Malaysian family companies ’ performance. Asian Journal of Accounting and Governance, 26(1), 15–26. https://doi.org/10.17576/ajag-2011-2-6538
   Google Scholar
• Aniceto, C. (2006). Children and household savings in the Philippines (No. 47).
   Google Scholar
• Arioglu, E. (2018, December). Gender diversity and company performance: The effects of director affiliation.
   Google Scholar
• Baum, C. F., Schaffer, M. E., & Stillman, S. (2003). Instrumental variables and GMM: Estimation and testing. The Stata Journal, 3(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X0300300101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennouri, M., Chtioui, T., Nagati, H., & Nekhili, M. (2018). Female board directorship and firm performance: What really matters? Journal of Banking and Finance, 88, 267–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.12.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bøhren, Ø., & Strøm, R. Ø. (2010). Governance and politics: Regulating independence and diversity in the board room. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 37(9–10), 1281–1308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5957.2010.02222.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boubaker, S., Dang, R., & Nguyen, D. K. (2014). Does board gender diversity improve the performance of French listed firms? Gestion 2000, 31(1), 259. https://doi.org/10.3917/g2000.311.0259
   Google Scholar
• Bruno, G. S. F., Ciavarella, A., & Linciano, N. (2018). Boardroom gender diversity and performance of listed companies in Italy. Commissione Nazionale per Le Società E La Borsa. www.marchesigrafiche.it
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, K., & Mınguez-Vera, A. (2008). Gender diversity in the boardroom and firm financial performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 83(3), 435–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-007-9630-y
   Google Scholar
• Carter, D., D’Souza, F., Simkins, B., & Simpson, G. (2007). The diversity of corporate board committees and firm financial performance. Ssrn, 1–41. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.972763
   Google Scholar
• Carter, D. A., Simkins, B. J., & Simpson, W. G. (2003). Corporate governance, board diversity, and firm value. Financial Review, 38(1), 33–53. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6288.00034
   Google Scholar
• Chapple, L., & Humphrey, J. E. (2014). Does board gender diversity have a financial impact? Evidence using stock portfolio performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 122, 709–723. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1785-0
   Google Scholar
• Chen, D. (2008). The monitoring and advisory functions of corporate boards: Theory and evidence. SSRN Electronic Journal, 410, 1-56. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1327066
   Google Scholar
• Cornally, P., Butler, M., Murphy, M., Rath, A., & Canty, G. (2001). The resource dependence, service and control functions of boards of directors in Hong Kong and Taiwanese Firms. Asia Pacific Journal of Managemen, 12(3), 89–94.
   Google Scholar
• Darmadi, S. (2013). Do women in top management affect firm performance? Evidence from Indonesia. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Societ, 13(3), 288–304. https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-12-2010-0096
   Google Scholar
• Daunfeldt, S.-O., & Rudholm, N. (2012). Does gender diversity in the boardroom improve firm performance? HUI Working Papers No. 60, 1–30.
   Google Scholar
• Davis, G. F., & Adam Cobb, J. (2010). Chapter 2 Resource dependence theory: Past and future. In Stanford’s organization theory renaissance, 1970–2000 (pp. 21–42). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.https://doi.org/10.1108/S0733-558X(2010)0000028006
   Google Scholar
• Deloitte Global Center for Corporate Governance. 2019. Women in the boardroom A global perspective. Deloitte global center for corporate governance. Vol. 6th. https://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/risk/articles/women-in-the-boardroom-global-perspective.html
   Google Scholar
• Doğan, M. (2013). Does Firm Size Affect The Firm Profitability? Evidence from Turkey. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(4), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n9p120
   Google Scholar
• DUC, V. H., & HUY, D. B. (2015). Does gender diversity improve financial f irm ’ s performance? New evidence using two-stage least squares estimation and instrument variables. Journal of Economic Development, 22(2), 102–123. https://doi.org/10.24311/jed/2015.22.2.06
   Google Scholar
• Erhardt, N. L., Werbel, J. D., & Shrader, C. B. (2003). Board of director diversity and firm financial performance board of director diversity and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 11(2), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8683.00011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Exchange, P. (2016). Tadawul, monthly statistical newsletter (Vol. 117). Tadawul.
   Google Scholar
• Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (2002). Testing Trade-Off and Pecking Order Predictions about Dividends and Debt. The Review OfFinancial Studies, 15(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1093/rfs/15.1.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrari, G., Ferraro, V., Profeta, P., & Pronzato, C. (2018). Do board gender quotas matter? Selection, performance and stock market effects. In I ZA Institute of Labor Economics (pp. 11462). IZA Institute of Labor Economics.
   Google Scholar
• Ferreira, D. (2010). Board diversity. In JWBT314-Baker, CHAPTER 12 (pp. 225–242).
   Google Scholar
• Gallego, A. I., García, S. I., & Rodríguez, D. L. (2010). The influence of gender diversity on corporate performance. Revista De Contabilidad: Spanish Accounting Review, 13(1), 53–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1138-4891(10)70012-1
   Google Scholar
• Gillan, S. L. (2006). Recent developments in corporate governance: An overview. Journal of Corporate Finance, 12(3), 381–402. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2005.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermalin, B. E., & Weisbach, M. S. (1998). Endogenously chosen boards of directors and their monitoring of the CEO. American Economic Review, 88(1), 96–118.
   Google Scholar
• Hillman, A. J., Withers, M. C., & Collins, B. J. (2009). Resource dependence theory: A review. Journal of Management, 35(6), 1404–1427. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206309343469
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilman, A. I., & Dalziel, T. (2003). Boards of directors and firm performance: integrating agency and resource dependence perspectives. Academy Of Management Review, 28(3), 383–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-005X(98)00037-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huse, M., & Solberg, A. G. (2004). Gender related boardroom dynamics : How women make and can make contributions on corporate boards Gender-related boardroom dynamics : How women make and can make contributions on corporate boards. Women in Management Review, 21(2), 113–130. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420610650693
   Google Scholar
• Ionascu, M., Ionascu, I., Sacarin, M., & Minu, M. (2018). Women on boards and financial performance: Evidence from a European emerging market. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051644
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, S. E., Joshi, A., & Erhardt, N. (2003). Recent research on team and organizational diversity: SWOT analysis and implications. Journal of Management, 29(6), 801–830. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. C. (1993). the modern industrial revolution, exit, and the failure of internal control systems. Journal of Finance, 48(3), 831–880. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1993.tb04022.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (1976). Theory of the firm : Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure theory of the firm : Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3(4), 305–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(76)90026-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, H. (2011). A literature review of corporate governance. International conference on E-business, management and economics, 25, 1–5. International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology (IACSIT) ,Press, Singapore.
   Google Scholar
• Kılıç, M., & Kuzey, C. (2016). The effect of board gender diversity on firm performance: Evidence from Turkey. Gender in Management, 31(7), 434–455. https://doi.org/10.1108/GM-10-2015-0088
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilic, M. (2015). The effect of board diversity on the performance of banks: Evidence from Turkey. International Journal of Business and Management, 10(9), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n9p182
   Google Scholar
• Kirkpatrick, G. (2009). The corporate governance lessons from the financial crisis. OECD Journal: Financial Market Trends, 1(1), 61–87. https://doi.org/10.1787/fmt-v2009-art3-en
   Google Scholar
• Kurt, H., & Nashashibi, R. (2013). Gender equality and women ’ s empowerment in Palestine - Final Joint Evaluation. (January) (pp. 2011–2013). International Labour Organization (ILO) , Evaluation Unit.
   Google Scholar
• Lango, M. (2018). Gender composition on the board of directors and firm performance. Master’s Degree Thesis, Lund University School of Economics and Management.
   Google Scholar
• Lückerath-Rovers, M. (2013). Women on boards and firm performance. Journal of Management and Governance, 17(2), 491–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-011-9186-1
   Google Scholar
• Mahadeo, J. D., Soobaroyen, T., & Hanuman, V. O. (2012). Board composition and financial performance: Uncovering the effects of diversity in an emerging economy. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(3), 375–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0973-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mak, Y. T., & Kusnadi, Y. (2005). Size really matters: Further evidence on the negative relationship between board size and firm value. Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 13(3), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2004.09.002
   Google Scholar
• Marinova, J., Plantenga, J., & Remery, C. (2010). Gender diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Dutch and Danish boardrooms. The International Journal of Human Resource Managemen, 47(10), 559–564. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1079229
   Google Scholar
• McColgan, P. (2001, May). Agency theory and corporate governance: A review of the literature from a UK perspective. In Department of accounting and finance university of strathclyde (pp. 0–44).
   Google Scholar
• McKinsey & Company. (2012). Women matter: Making the breakthrough. Women Matter, 1 (4), 1–26. http://www.mckinsey.com/client_service/organization/latest_thinking/women_matter
   Google Scholar
• Mehran, H., & Mollineaux, L. (2012). Corporate governance of financial institutions: A survey. Annual Review of Financial Economics, 4(1), 215–232. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-financial-110311-101821
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Menteş, S. A. (2011). Gender diversity at the board and financial performance: A study on ISE (Istanbul Stock Exchange). Middle Eastern Finance and Economics, 14(14), 6–15. http://www.eurojournals.com/MEFE.htm
   Google Scholar
• Miller, T., & del Carmen, M. T. (2009). Demographic diversity in the boardroom: Mediators of the board diversity–firm performance relationship. Journal of Management Studies, 18030641(July), 18030641. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00839.x
   Google Scholar
• Nahleh, L. A., Hammami, R., Johnson, P., Labadi, F., & Schalkwyk, J. (1999). Towards gender equality in the Palestinian Territories. In Women’s studies center birzeit university (pp. 6-42).
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S., & Huse, M. (2010). The contribution of women on boards of directors: Going beyond the surface. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 18(2), 136–148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2010.00784.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oxelheim, L., Randoy, T., & Thomsen, S. (2006). A nordic perspective on corporate board diversity. In Randøy, T (Ed.), Nordic Innovation Centre (pp. 4-21).
   Google Scholar
• Pastore, P., & Tommaso, S. (2016). Women on corporate boards. The case of ‘gender quotas’ in Italy. Corporate Ownership and Control, 13(4), 132–155. https://doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i4p13
   Google Scholar
• Pathan, S., & Faff, R. W. (2012). Does board structure in banks really affect their performance? Ssrn, 37(5), 1573-1589. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1979297
   Google Scholar
• Pritchard, A. C., Ferris, S. P., & Jagannathan, M. (2003). Too busy to mind the business? Monitoring by directors with multiple board appointments. The Journal of Finance, 58(3), 1087–1112. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-6261.00559
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reguera-Alvarado, N., de Fuentes, P., & Laffarga, J. (2015). Does board gender diversity influence financial performance? Evidence from Spain. Journal of Business Ethics, 141(2), 337–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2735-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabatier, M. (2015). A women ’ s boom in the boardroom : Effects on performance? Applied Economics, 47(26), 2717–2727. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2015.1008774
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, N., Smith, V., & Verner, M. (2006). Do women in top management affect firm performance? A panel study of 2500 Danish firms. Munich Personal RePEc Archive -Research Paper, (78715).
   Google Scholar
• Smith, N., Smith, V., & Verner, M. (2012). Women in top management and firm performance. Working Paper, 9788778823.
   Google Scholar
• Stata. (n.d.). ivregress postestimation — Postestimation tools for ivregress. In stata.com. https://www.stata.com/manuals/rivregresspostestimation.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Terjesen, S., Aguilera, R. V., & Lorenz, R. (2015). Legislating a woman’s seat on the board: Institutional factors driving gender quotas for boards of directors. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(2), 233–251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2083-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terjesen, S., Couto, E. B., & Francisco, P. M. (2016). Does the presence of independent and female directors impact firm performance? A multi-country study of board diversity. Journal of Management and Governance, 20(3), 447–483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-014-9307-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terjesen, S., Sealy, R., & Singh, V. (2009). Women directors on corporate boards: A review and research agenda. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17(3), 320–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8683.2009.00742.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torchia, M., Calabrò, A., & Huse, M. (2011). Women directors on corporate boards: From tokenism to critical mass. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(2), 299–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-0815-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triana, & Asri, M. (2017). the impact of female directors on firm performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Economy and Business, 31(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.21994
   Google Scholar
• Ujunwa, A., Nwakoby, I., & Ugbam, C. O. (2012). Corporate board diversity and firm performance: Evidence from Nigeria. Corporate Ownership and Control, 9(2), 216–223. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.0720
   Google Scholar
• Vafaei, A., Ahmed, K., & Mather, P. (2015). Board Diversity and Financial Performance in the Top 500 Australian Firms. Australian Accounting Review, 25(4), 413–427. https://doi.org/10.1111/auar.12068
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vishwakarma, R. (2017). Women on board and its impact on performance: Evidence from microfinance sector. Indian Journal of Corporate Governance, 10(1), 58–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0974686217701465
   Google Scholar
• Wang, Y. H. (2020). Does board gender diversity bring better financial and governance performances? An empirical investigation of cases in Taiwan. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(8), 3205. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12083205
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wintoki, M. B., Linck, J. S., & Netter, J. M. (2012). Endogeneity and the dynamics of internal corporate governance $. Journal of Financial Economics, 105(3), 581–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xing, L., Gonzalez, A., & Sila, V. (2017). Does cooperation of women in top positions enhance or impede firm performance? The British Accounting Review, 53(4), 100936.‏ http://www.efmaefm.org/0EFMAMEETINGS/EFMA/ANNUAL/MEETINGS/2017-Athens/papers/EFMA2017_0322_fullpaper.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Zheka, V. (2006). Corporate governance and firm performance in Ukraine. Heriot-Watt University Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, 38(67), 1–68. http://www.sml.hw.ac.uk/cert
   Google Scholar