Impacts of sustainable transport interventions: changes in perception over time and spatially towards a new bus rapid transit (BRT) infrastructure in Montréal, Canada

References

• Abenoza, R., Cats, O., & Susilo, Y. (2017). Travel satisfaction with public transport: Determinants, user classes, regional disparities and their evolution. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 95, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2016.11.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen, J., Eboli, L., Forciniti, C., Mazzulla, G., & Ortuzar, J. (2019). The role of critical incidents and involvement in transit satisfaction and loyalty. Transport Policy, 75, 57–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen, J., Eboli, L., Mazzulla, G., & Ortuzar, J. D. (2020). Effect of critical incidents on public transport satisfaction and loyalty: An ordinal probit SEM-MIMIC approach. Transportation, 47(2), 827–863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-018-9921-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anable, J. (2005). ‘Complacent car addicts’ or ‘aspiring environmentalists’? Identifying travel behaviour segments using attitude theory. Transport Policy, 12(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2004.11.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appleyard, B., Ferrell, C., & Taecker, M. (2016). Toward a typology of transit corridor livability. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2543(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.3141/2543-08
   Google Scholar
• Baker, D., & Linovski, O. (2022). The impact of a single bus rapid transit corridor on transit ridership: The Winnipeg example. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2676(9), 94–109. https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981221085531
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banister, D., Pucher, J., & Lee-Gosselin, M. (2007). Making sustainable transport politically and publicly acceptable: Lessons from the EU, USA and Canada. In P. Rietveld & R. Stough (Eds.), Institutions and sustainable transport: Regulatory reform in advanced economies (pp. 17–50). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Beirão, G., & Cabral, J. (2007). Understanding attitudes towards public transport and private car: A qualitative study. Transport Policy, 14(6), 478–489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2007.04.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhattacharya, T., Brown, J., Jaroszynski, M., & Batuhan, T. (2014). The effects of perception vs. “reality” on travel behavior after a major transit service change: The case of Tallahassee, Florida. Journal of Public Transportation, 17(2), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.17.2.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Brown, B., Werner, C., Smith, K., Tribby, C., Miller, H., Jensen, W., & Tharp, D. (2016). Environmental, behavioral, and psychological predictors of transit ridership: Evidence from a community intervention. J. Environ. Psychol. 46, 188–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2016.04.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BRT Data (2023). BRT Data. Retrieved October 5, 2023, from https://brtdata.org/
   Google Scholar
• Cairns, S., Harmer, C., Hopkin, J., & Skippon, S. (2014). Sociological perspectives on travel and mobilities: A review. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 63, 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.01.010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calvo-Poyo, F., Freiria, S., Medialdea, A., & Antunes, A. (2018). Citizens’ survey for the implementation of a new means of transport. Transportation Research Procedia, 33, 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2018.10.100
   Google Scholar
• Calvo-Poyo, F., Medialdea, A., & Ferri-García, R. (2019). Citizens’ opinion about investment in public transport projects in cities. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(10), 806–818. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2019.1630529
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, T., Romano, C., & Gadda, T. (2021). Loyalty and public transit: A quantitative systematic review of the literature. Transport Reviews, 42(3), 362–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2021.1991032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cascetta, E., & Pagliara, F. (2013). Public engagement for planning and designing transportation systems. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 87, 103–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.10.597
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C., & Chao, W. (2011). Habitual or reasoned? Using the theory of planned behavior, technology acceptance model, and habit to examine switching intentions toward public transit. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 14(2), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2010.11.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, S., Hadas, Y., Gonzalez, V., & Schot, B. (2018). Public transport users’ and policy makers’ perceptions of integrated public transport systems. Transport Policy, 61, 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corriveau, J. (2014). Pie-IX toujours sans SRB dix ans après l’annonce. Le Devoir.
   Google Scholar
• Corriveau, J. (2018). The beginning of the end of the SRB Pie-IX saga. Le Devoir.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• CTV Montreal (2009). Reserved bus lane coming to Pie-IX Boulevard. CTV Montreal.
   Google Scholar
• de Luca, S. (2014). Public engagement in strategic transportation planning: An analytic hierarchy process based approach. Transport Policy, 33, 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Ona, R., Machado, J., & de Ona, J. (2015). Perceived service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions structural equation model for the metro of Seville, Spain. Transportation Research Record, 2538, 76–85. https://doi.org/10.3141/2538-09
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Vos, J., Singleton, P., & Gärling, T. (2021). From attitude to satisfaction: Introducing the travel mode choice cycle. Transport Reviews, 42(2), 204–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2021.1958952
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng, T., & Nelson, J. (2011). Recent developments in bus rapid transit: A review of the literature. Transport Reviews, 31(1), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2010.492455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillman, D., Smyth, J., & Christian, L. (2014). Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: The tailored design method (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Doyon, F. (2005). Rapport du coroner - Feu vert à la réouverture de la voie réservée du boulevard Pie-IX. Montréal: Le Devoir.
   Google Scholar
• El-Geneidy, A., Grimsrud, M., Wasfi, R., Tétreault, P., & Surprenant-Legault, J. (2013). New evidence on walking distances to transit stops: Identifying redundancies and gaps using variable service areas. Transportation, 41(1), 193–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-013-9508-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu, X., & Juan, Z. (2017). Understanding public transit use behavior: Integration of the theory of planned behavior and the customer satisfaction theory. Transportation, 44(5), 1021–1042. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-016-9692-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerra, E., Cervero, R., & Tischler, D. (2012). Half-mile circle: Does it best represent transit station catchments? Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2276(1), 101–109. https://doi.org/10.3141/2276-12
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guest, G., MacQueen, K., & Namey, E. (2012). Applied thematic analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Hensher, D., Mulley, C., & Rose, J. (2015). Understanding the relationship between voting preferences for public transport and perceptions and preferences for bus rapid transit versus light rail. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 49(2), 236–260. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/jtranseconpoli.49.2.0236
   Google Scholar
• Ignaccolo, M., Inturri, G., Giuffrida, N., Pira, M., & Torrisi, V. (2019). Public engagement for designing new transport services: Investigating citizen preferences from a multiple criteria perspective. Transportation Research Procedia, 37, 91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2018.12.170
   Google Scholar
• Ingvardson, J., & Nielsen, O. (2017). Effects of new bus and rail rapid transit systems – An international review. Transport Reviews, 38(1), 96–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2017.1301594
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacerte-Gauthier, F. (2022). 13 ans et 520 millions $ plus tard, le service rapide par bus Pie-IX inauguré. Actualité Transports.
   Google Scholar
• Lai, W., & Chen, C. (2011). Behavioral intentions of public transit passengers—The roles of service quality, perceived value, satisfaction and involvement. Transport Policy, 18(2), 318–325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2010.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loong, C., van Lierop, D., & El-Geneidy, A. (2017). The path of least resistance: Identifying supporters of public and active transportation projects. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2666(1), 94–102. https://doi.org/10.3141/2666-11
   Google Scholar
• Machado, J., de Ona, R., Diez-Mesa, F., and de Ona, J. (2018). Finding service quality improvement opportunities across different typologies of public transit customers. Transportmetrica A Transport Science, 14(9), 761–783. https://doi.org/10.1080/23249935.2018.1434257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahmoud, M., & Hine, J. (2013). Using AHP to measure the perception gap between current and potential users of bus services. Transportation Planning and Technology, 36(1), 4–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/03081060.2012.745316
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattioli, G., Roberts, C., Steinberger, J., & Brown, A. (2020). The political economy of car dependence: A systems of provision approach. Energy Research & Social Science, 66, 101486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101486
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, H. J., Witlox, F., and Tribby, C. P. (2013). Developing context-sensitive livability indicators for transportation planning: A measurement framework. Journal of Transport Geography, 26, 51–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minser, J., & Webb, V. (2010). Quantifying the benefits application of customer loyalty modeling in public transportation context. Transportation Research Record, 2144, 111–120. https://doi.org/10.3141/2144-13
   Google Scholar
• Mugion, R., Toni, M., Raharjo, H., Di Pietro, L., & Sebathu, S. (2018). Does the service quality of urban public transport enhance sustainable mobility? Journal of Cleaner Production, 174, 1566–1587. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.11.052
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nowell, L., Norris, J., White, D., & Moules, N. (2017). Thematic analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, X. (2019). Repeated cross-sectional design. In D. Gu & M. Dupre (Eds.), Encyclopedia of gerontology and population aging. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Pereira, R. (2019). Future accessibility impacts of transport policy scenarios: Equity and sensitivity to travel time thresholds for bus rapid transit expansion in Rio de Janeiro. Journal of Transport Geography, 74, 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.12.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poncheri, R., Lindberg, J., Thompson, L., & Surface, E. (2007). A comment on employee surveys. Organizational Research Methods, 11(3), 614–630. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428106295504
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweitzer, L. (2014). Planning and social media: A case study of public transit and stigma on Twitter. Journal of the American Planning Association, 80(3), 218–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2014.980439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Şimşekoğlu, Ö., Nordfjærn, T., & Rundmo, T. (2015). The role of attitudes, transport priorities, and car use habit for travel mode use and intentions to use public transportation in an urban Norwegian public. Transport Policy, 42, 113–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.05.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, S., Javanmard, R., Lee, J., Kim, J., & Diab, E. (2022). Evaluating the accessibility benefits of the new BRT system during the COVID-19 pandemic in Winnipeg, Canada. Journal of Urban Mobility, 2, 100016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urbmob.2022.100016
   Google Scholar
• StatCan (2022). Census profile, 2016 census: Montréal [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Quebec [Province]. Retrieved November 23, 2022, from https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CMACA&Code1=462&Geo2=PR&Code2=24&Data=Count&SearchText=Montreal&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Journey%20to%20work&TABID=1
   Google Scholar
• StatCan (2023). Census profile, 2021 census. Retrieved May 23, 2023, from https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
   Google Scholar
• Stewart, O., Moudon, A., & Saelens, B. (2017). The causal effect of bus rapid transit on changes in transit ridership. Journal of Public Transportation, 20(1), 91–103. https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.20.1.5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STM (2022). PIE-IX BRT. Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://www.stm.info/en/about/major_projects/major-bus-projects/pie-ix-brt
   Google Scholar
• TVA Nouvelles (2002). Encore un décès sur la voie réservée du boulevard Pie-IX. TVA Nouvelles.
   Google Scholar
• Umlauf, T., Galicia, L., Cheu, R., & Horak, T. (2016). Ridership estimation procedure for a transit corridor with new bus rapid transit service. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 50(4), 473–488. https://doi.org/10.1002/atr.1355
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Lierop, D., & El-Geneidy, A. (2017a). Enjoying loyalty: The relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions in public transit. Research in Transportation Economics, 59, 50–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2016.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Lierop, D., & El-Geneidy, A. (2017b). A new market segmentation approach: Evidence from two Canadian cities. Journal of Public Transportation, 20(1), 20–43. https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.20.1.2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van, H., Choocharukul, K., & Fujii, S. (2014). The effect of attitudes toward cars and public transportation on behavioral intention in commuting mode choice—A comparison across six Asian countries. Transportation Research Part A, 69, 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2014.08.008
   Google Scholar
• Vavrova, M., & Chang, C. M. (2019). Incorporating livability into transportation asset management practices through bikeway quality networks. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2673(4), 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361198119840610
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venter, C., Jennings, G., Hidalgo, D., & Valderrama-Pineda, A. (2017). The equity impacts of bus rapid transit: A review of the evidence and implications for sustainable transport. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 12(2), 140–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2017.1340528
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ville de Montréal (2008). Plan de Transport | 2008. Montréal: Ville de Montréal.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, X., & Cheng, Z. (2020). Cross-sectional studies: Strengths, weaknesses, and recommendations. Chest, 158(1S), S65–S71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.03.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wijaya, S., Imran, M., & McNeill, J. (2017). Multi-level policy tensions in bus rapid transit (BRT) development in low-income Asian cities. Transportation Research Procedia, 25, 5104–5120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2018.02.040
   Google Scholar
• Wirasinghe, S. C., Kattan, L., Rahman, M. M., Hubbell, J., Thilakaratne, R., & Anowar, S. (2013). Bus rapid transit – A review. International Journal of Urban Sciences, 17(1), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/12265934.2013.777514
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, J., Webb, V., & Shah, P. (2014). Customer loyalty differences between captive and choice transit riders. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2415(1), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.3141/2415-09
   Google Scholar