Recent advances in the understanding of the effects of opioid agents on feeding and appetite

Bibliography

• PERT CB, SNYDER SH: Opiate receptor: demonstration in nervous tissue. Science (1973) 179:1011–1014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SIMON EJ, HILLER JM, EDELMAN I: Stereospecific bind-ing of the potent narcotic analgesic (3H) etorphine to rat brain homogenate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (1973) 70:1947–1949.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TERENIUS L: Stereospecific interaction between nar-cotic analgesia and a synaptic plasma membrane frac-tion of rat cerebral cortex. Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. (1973) 32:317–320.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• AKIL H, WATSON SJ, YOUNG E et al: Endogenous opioids: biology and function. Ann. Rev. Neurosci. (1984) 7:223–255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •An excellent review of the traditional opioid peptides.
   Google Scholar
• MARTIN WR, EADES CG, THOMPSON JA et al.: The effects of morphine- and nalorphine-like drugs in the nonde-pendent and morphine-dependent chronic spinal dog. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1976) 197:517–532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LORD JAH, WATERFIELD AA, HUGHES J, KOSTERLITZ H: Endogenous opioid peptides: multiple agonists and re-ceptors. Nature (1977) 267:495–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MANSOUR A, KHACHATURIAN H, LEWIS ME et al. Auto- radiographic differentiation of pt, 8 and i opioid receptors in the rat forebrain and midbrain. J. Neurosci. (1987) 7:2445–2464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MANSOUR A, FOX CA, BURKE S, et al.: Mu, 8 and i opioid receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: an in situ hybridization study. J. Comp. Neurol. (1994) 350:412–438.
   Google Scholar
• HERKENHAM M: Mismatches between neurotransmit-ter and receptor localizations in brain: observations and implications. Neurosci. (1987) 23:1-38. An excellent review of the lack of correlation between appo-sitional opioid peptides and their receptors.
   Google Scholar
• PASTERNAK GW: Pharmacological mechanisms of opioid analgesics. Clin. Neuropharmacol (1993) 16:1–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PASTERNAK GW, WOOD PL: Multiple pc opiate recep-tors. Life Sci. (1986) 38:1889–1896.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JIANG Q, TAKEMORI AE, SULTANA M et al: Differential antagonism of opioid Santinociception by En-Ala2, Leu5, Cys6I-enkephalin (DALCE) and naltrindole 5'-is-othiocyanate (5'-NTI): evidence for 8 receptor sub-types. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1991) 257:1069–1075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MATTIA A, VANDERAH T, MOSBERG HI, PORRECA F: Lackof antinociceptive cross-tolerance between [D-Pen2, El-Pen5I-enkephalin and En-Ala2I-deltorphan II in mice: evidence for 8 receptor subtypes. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1991) 258:583–587.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROTHMAN RB, BYKOV V, DECOSTA BR et al: Interactionof endogenous opioid peptides and other drugs with four x opioid binding sites in guinea pig brain. Peptides (1990) 11:311–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PAUL D, LEVISON JA, HOWARD DH et al.: Naloxone ben-zoylhydrazone (NalBxolD analgesia. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1990) 255:769–774.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EVANS C, KEITH D, MORRISON H et al: Cloning of a8-opioid receptor by functional expression. Science (1992) 258: 1952-1955.
   Google Scholar
• KIEFFER B, BEFORT K, GAREIAUX-RUFF C, HIRTH C: The8-opioid receptor: isolation of cDNA by expression cloning and pharmacological characterization. Proc. NatlAcad. Sci (1992) 89:12048–12052.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UHL GR, CHILDERS SR, PASTERNAK GW: An opiate re-ceptor gene family reunion. Trends Neurosci. (1994) 17:89–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •A timely review of the status of opioid receptor clones.
   Google Scholar
• MANSOUR A, HOVERSTEN MT, TAYLOR LP et al: Thecloned it, 8 and i receptors and their endogenous ligands: evidence for two opioid peptide recognition cores. Brain Res. (1995) 700:89–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOLLEREAU C, PARMENTIER M, MAILLEUX P et al.: ORL-1,a novel member of the opioid family: cloning, func-tional expression and localization. FEBS Letts. (1994) 341:33–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BUNZOW JR, SAEZ C, MORTRUD M et al: Molecular clon-ing and tissue distribution of a putative member of the rat opioid receptor gene family that is not a it, 8 or i re-ceptor type. FEBS Letts. (1994) 347:284-288. 45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• WANG JB, JOHNSON PS, IMAI Y eta].: cDNA cloning of an orphan opiate receptor gene family member and its splice variant. FEBS Letts. (1994) 348:75–79.
   Google Scholar
• PAN YX, CHENG J, XU J et al.: Cloning and functional characterization through antisense mapping of a x related opioid opioid receptor. MoL Pharmacol. (1995) 47:1180–1188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• REINSCHEID RK, NOTHACKER HP, BOURSON A et al.: Or-phanin FQ: a neuropeptide that activates an opioid-like G-protein-coupled receptor. Science (1995) 270:792–794.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MEUNIER JC, MOLLEREAU C, TOLL L eta].: Isolation and structure of the endogenous agonist of the opioid re-ceptor like ORL1 receptor. Nature (1995) 377:532–535.
   Google Scholar
• •These two papers isolated nociceptin, the endogenous ligand for the ORL-1 clone.
   Google Scholar
• MOGIL JS, GRISEL JE, REINSCHEID KK et al.: Orphanin FQ is a functional anti-opioid peptide. Neurosci. (1996) 75:333–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOGIL JS, GRISEL JE, ZHANGS G et al.: Functional an-tagonism of kt, 8 and x-opioid antinociception by or-phanin FQ. Neurosci. Lett. (1996) 214:131–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, LEVENTHAL L, PASTERNAK GW: Naloxone-sensitive orphanin FQ-induced analgesia in mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol. (1996) 311:R7–R8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KING MA, ROSSI GC, CHANG AH, WILLIAMS L, PASTER-NAK GW: Spinal analgesic activity of orphanin FQ/no-ciceptin and its fragments. Neurosci. Lett. (1997) 223:113–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, LEVENTHAL L, BOLAN E, PASTERNAK GW: Pharmacological characterization of orphanin FQ/no-ciceptin and its fragments. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1997) 282:858–865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZADINA JE, HACKLER L, GE L-J, KASTIN AJ: A potent andselective endogenous agonist for the pt-opiate recep-tor. Nature (1997) 386:499–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •This study isolated the endomorphins as highly-selecive opioid receptor ligands.
   Google Scholar
• MARTIN WR, WIKLER A, EADES CG, PESCOR FT: Toler-ance to and physical dependence on morphine in rats. Psychopharmacology (1963) 4:247–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HOLTZMAN SG: Behavioral effects of separate and com-bined administration of naloxone and d-amphetamine. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1974) 189:51–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MORLEY JE, LEVINE AS, YIM GKW, LOWY MT: Opioid modulation of appetite. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. (1983) 7:281–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •The first excellent review of opioid-induced feeding.
   Google Scholar
• LEVINE AS, MORLEY JE, GOSNELL BA eta].: Opioids and consummatory behavior. Brain Res. Bull. (1985) 14:663–672.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• COOPER SJ, JACKSON A, KIRKHAM TC, TURKISH S: En-dorphins, opiates and food intake. In: Endorphins, Opi-ates and Behavioral Processes. Rodgers RJ, Cooper SJ (Eds.), John Wiley and Sons, NY, USA (1988) :143–186.
   Google Scholar
• SANGER DJ, MCCARTHY PS: Differential effects of mor-phine on food and water intake in food deprived and freely feeding rats. Psychopharmology (1980) 72:103–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MORLEY JE, LEVINE AS, GRACE M, KNEIP J: An investiga-tion of the role of x opiate receptors in the initiation of feeding. Life Sci. (1982) 31:2617–2626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• THORNHILL JA, HIRST M, GOWDEY CW: Disruption of diurnal feeding patterns of rats by heroin. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. (1976) 4:129–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LOWY MT, YIM GKW: Stimulation of food intake follow-ing opiate agonists in rats but not hamsters. Psycho-pharmacology (1983) 81:28–32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GRANDISON L, GUIDOTTI A: Stimulation of food intake by muscimol and beta-endorphin. Neuropharmacology (1977) 16:533–536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •The initial discovery of feeding induced by endogenous opioid peptides.
   Google Scholar
• REID LD: Endogenous opioid peptides and regulation of drinking and feeding. Am. J. Olin. Nub-. (1985) 42:1099–1132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOSNELL BA: Central nervous system structures in feeding. Fed. Proc. (1987) 46:163–167.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• GOSNELL BA, LEVINE AS: Stimulation of ingestive be-haviour by preferential and selective opioid agonists. In: Drug Receptor Subtypes and Ingestive Behaviour. Cooper SJ, Clifton PG, (Eds.), Academic Press, London, UK (1996) :147–166.
   Google Scholar
• ••An up-to-date precis of opioid agonist-induced effects uponfood intake.
   Google Scholar
• LEVINE AS, GRACE M, BILLINGTON CJ: 0-funaltrexamine (6FNA) decreases deprivation and opioid-induced feeding. Brain Res. (1991) 562:281–284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVINE AS, GRACE M, BILLINGTON CJ, PORTOGHESE PS: Nor-binaltorphamine decreases deprivation and opioid-induced feeding. Brain Res. (1990) 534:60–64.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SPANAGEL R, ALMEIDA OFX, SHIPPENBERG TS: Evidence that nor-binaltorphamine can function as an antago-nist at multiple opioid receptor subtypes. Eur. J. Phar-macol. (1994) 264:157–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BODNAR RJ: Opioid receptor subtype antagonists and ingestion. In: Drug Receptor Subtypes and Ingestive Behav-iour. Cooper SJ, Clifton PJ (Eds.), Academic Press, London, UK (1996):127–146.
   Google Scholar
• ••An up-to-date precis of opioid antagonist-induced effectsupon food intake.
   Google Scholar
• COLE JL, BERMAN N, BODNAR RJ: Evaluation of chronic opioid receptor antagonist effects upon weight and in-take measures in lean and obese Zucker rats. Peptides (1997) 18:1201–1207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVENTHAL L, KIRKHAM TC, COLE JL, BODNAR RJ: Selec-tive actions of central pt and x opioid antagonists upon sucrose intake in sham-feeding rats. Brain Res. (1995) 685:205–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVENTHAL L, BODNAR RJ: Different central opioid re-ceptor subtype antagonists modify maltose dextrin and deprivation-induced water intake in sham feeding and sham drinking rats. Brain Res. (1996) 741:300-308. © Ashley Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs (1998) 7(4)
   Google Scholar
• KOCH JE, GLASS MJ, COOPER ML, BODNAR RJ: Altera-tions in deprivation, glucoprivic and sucrose intake following general, pt and i opioid antagonists in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of rats. Neuro-science (1995) 66:951–957.
   Google Scholar
• BODNAR RJ, GLASS MJ, RAGNAUTH A, COOPER ML: Gen-eral, pt and i opioid antagonists in the nucleus accum-bens alter food intake under deprivation, glucoprivic and palatable conditions. Brain Res. (1995) 700:205–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RAGNAUTH A, RUEGG H, BODNAR RJ: Evaluation of opioid receptor subtype antagonist effects in the ven-tral tegmental area upon food intake under depriva-tion, glucoprivic and palatable conditions. Brain Res. (1997) 767:8–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JACKSON HC, SEWELL RDE: Are 3 opioid receptors in-volved in the regulation of food and water intake? Neu-ropharmology (1995) 24:885–888.
   Google Scholar
• YU W-Z, RUEGG H, BODNAR RJ: Delta and i opioid re-ceptor subtypes and ingestion: antagonist and gluco-privic effects. Pharmacol Biochem. Behav. (1997) 56:353–361.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOSNELL BA, MAJCHRZAK MJ: Centrally administeredopioid peptides stimulate saccharin intake in nonde-prived rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. (1989) 33:805–810.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RUEGG H, YU W-Z, BODNAR RJ: Opioid receptor sub-type agonist-induced enhancements of sucrose intake are dependent upon sucrose concentration. Physic)]. Behav. (1997) 62:121–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVINE AS, GRACE M, PORTOGHESE PS, BILLINGTON CJ: The effect of selective opioid antagonists on butorphanol-induced feeding. Brain Res. (1994) 637:242–248.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KOCH JE, PASTERNAK GW, ARJUNE D, BODNAR RJ: Na-loxone benzoylhydrazone, a -3 opioid agonist, stimu-lates food intake in rats. Brain Res. (1992) 581:311–314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PASTERNAK GW, STANDIFER KM: Mapping of opioid re-ceptors using antisense oligodeoxynucleotides: corre-lating their molecular biology and pharmacology. Trends Pharmacol Sci. (1995) 16:344–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••A seminal review on the functional utility of antisense oli-godeoxynucleotides directed against opioid receptor clones.
   Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, PASTERNAK GW: Establishing the molecular biology of opioid behavior through antisense ap-proaches. In: Antisense Oligodeoxynucleotides and An-tisense RNA. Weiss B (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA (1997):115–130.
   Google Scholar
• •An excellent review of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides di-rected against opioid receptor clones upon analgesic re-sponses.
   Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, PAN YX, BROWN GP, PASTERNAK GW: An- tisense mapping the MOR-1 receptor: evidence for al- ternativesplicingandanovel morphine-6,8-glucuronide receptor. FEBS Letts. (1995) 369:192–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, LEVENTHAL L, PAN Y-X et al.: Antisense map-ping of MOR-1 in rats: distinguishing between mor-phine and morphine-6,6-glucuronide antinociception. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1997) 281:109–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, BROWN GP, LEVENTHAL L, YANG K, PASTER-NAK GW: Novel receptor mechanisms for heroin and morphine-68-glucuronide analgesia. Neurosci. Lett. (1996) 216:1–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ROSSI GC, SU W, LEVENTHAL L et al.: Antisense mapping DOR-1 in mice: further support for 3 receptor sub-types. Brain Res. (1997) 753:176–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVENTHAL L, COLE JL, ROSSI GC et al: Antisense oli-godeoxynucleotides against the MOR-1 clone alter weight and ingestive responses in rats. Brain Res. (1996) 719:78–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••First demonstration of AsODN effects directed againstopioid receptor clones and feeding.
   Google Scholar
• LEVENTHAL L, STEVENS LB, ROSSI GC: Antisense map-ping of the MOR-1 opioid receptor clone: modulation of hyperphagia induced by DAMGO. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1997) 282:1402–1407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LEVENTHAL L, ROSSI GC, PASTERNAK GW, BODNAR RJ: Morphine-6beta-glucuronide-induced hyperphagia: characterization of opioid action by selective antago-nists and antisense mapping in rats. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1998). (Submitted.)
   Google Scholar
• BURDICK K, YU W-Z, RAGNAUTH A et al: Antisense mapping of opioid receptor clones: effects upon 2-deoxy-u-glucose-induced hyperphagia. Brain Res. (1998). (Submitted.)
   Google Scholar
• POMONIS JD, BILLINGTON CJ, LEVINE AS: Orphanin FQ, agonist of orphan opioid receptor ORL1, stimulates feeding in rats. NeuroReport (1996) 8:369–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STRATFORD TR, HOLAHAN MR, KELLEY AE: Injections ofnociceptin into nucleus accumbens shell or ventrome-dial hypothalamic nucleus increase food intake. Neu-roReport (1996) 8:423–426.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• •First two studies establishing nociceptin-induced feeding.
   Google Scholar
• SCLAFANI A: The hedonics of sugar and starch. In: TheHedonics of Taste. Bolles RC (Ed.), Erlbaum, USA (1991)59–87.
   Google Scholar
• RAMIREZ I, TORDOFF MG, FRIEDMAN MI: Dietary hy-perphagia and obesity: what causes them? Physiol. Be-hav. (1989) 45:163–168.
   Google Scholar