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Review

Aldose reductase inhibitors: therapeutic implications for diabetic complications

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Pages 2095-2119 | Published online: 23 Feb 2005

Bibliography

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  • ••Evidence linking polymorphism of basal AR promoter andits association with the Z-2 polymorphism and retinopathy in IDDM patients.
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  • •Evidence linking polymorphism of human AR gene with diabetic neuropathy.
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  • •Evidence linking polymorphism of human AR gene with diabetic nephropathy.
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  • •First successful x-ray structural determination of ARI co-crystallised with AR.
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  • •Evidence of positive impact of ARI on human nerve function and morphometric parameters.
  • EATON RP, SIBBITT WL, JR., SHAH VO, DORIN RI, ZAGER PG, BICKNELL JM: A commentary on 10 years of aldose reductase inhibition for limited joint mobility in diabetes. J. Diabetes Complications (1998) 12:34–38.
  • ••Longest known human exposure to ARI therapy showingsustained efficacy on limited joint mobility and no untoward effects of chronic ARI therapy.
  • DIDANGELOS TP, ATHYROS VG, KARAMITSOS DT, PAPAGEORGIOU AA, KOURTOGLOU GI, KONTOPOULOS AG: Effect of aldose reductase inhibi-tion on heart rate variability in patients with severe or moderate diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Clin. Drug Invest. (1998) 15:111–121.
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  • •Demonstration of ARI activity on functional end point in human diabetic kidney.
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  • •Evidence of beneficial effect of ARI therapy on human diabetic heart function.
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  • •Strong evidence for AR-dependent osmotic stress in sugar cataract formation.
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