Newer calcium channel antagonists and the treatment of hypertension

Bibliography

• MEHRKE G, ZONG XG, FLOCKERZI V, HOFMANN F: The Ca2+ - channel blocker Ro 40-5967 blocker differently T-type and L-type Ca2+ channels. J. Pharmacol Exp. Ther. (1994) 271:1483–1488.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• VAGHY PL, MCKENNA E, ITAGAKI K, SCHWARTZ A: Resolution of the identity of the Ca2+- antagonist in skeletal muscle. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. (1988) 9:398–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FERRARI R: Major differences among the three classes of calcium antagonists. Eur. Heart J. (1997) 18(Suppl. A):A56–A70.
   Google Scholar
• ••Excellent review of pharmacological properties of calciumchannel antagonists.
   Google Scholar
• BERNARD JG, BRAUNWALD E, RUTHERFOR JD: Chronic Coronary Artery Disease. In: A Textbook of Cardiovas-cular Medicine. Braunwald E (Ed.), WB Saunders, Philadel-phia, Pennsylvania, USA (1997):1310–1311.
   Google Scholar
• OPIE LH, BUHLER FR, FLECKENSTEIN A et al: Interna-tional Society and Federation of Cardiology: Working group on classification of calcium antagonists for cardiovascular disease. Am. J. Cardiol (1987) 60:630–632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GLOSSMAN H, FERRY DR, GOLL A, STRIESSNIG J, SCHOBER M: Calcium channels: Basic properties as revealed by radioligand binding studies. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1985) 7\(Suppl. 6):520–530.
   Google Scholar
• VAN DER LEE R, KAM KL, PFAFFENDORF M, VAN ZWIETEN PA: Differential time course of the vasodi-lator action of various calcium antagonists. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. (1998) 12(6):607–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LUSCHER TF, COSENTINO F: The classification of calcium antagonists and their selection in the treatment of hypertension. Drugs (1998) 55(4):509–517.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ••Interesting discussion of proposed classification system forcalcium channel antagonists.
   Google Scholar
• TOYO-OKA T, NAYLER WG: Third generation calcium entry blockers. Blood Press. (1996) 5:206–208.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SHIMADA S, NAKAJIMA Y, YAMAMOTO K, YASUFUMI S, IGA T: Comparative pharmacodynamics of eight calcium channel blocking agents in Japanese essential hypertensive patients. Biol. Pharm. Bull. (1996) 19:430–437.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MEREDITH PA, ELLIOTT HL: FDA guidelines ontrough:peak ratios in the evaluation of antihyperten-sive agents. United States Food and Drug Administra-tion. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1994) Suppl. 5:S26–S30.
   Google Scholar
• MEREDITH PA: How to evaluate the duration of blood pressure control: the trough:peak ratio and 24-hour monitoring. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1998) 31 (Suppl. 2):S17–S21.
   Google Scholar
• •Through explanation of trough:peak ratios and their importance.
   Google Scholar
• PSATY B, HECKBERT S, KOEPSELL T et al.: The risk of myocardial infarction associated with antihyperten-sive drug therapies. JAMA (1995) 274:620–625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• FURBERG C, PSATY B, MEYER J: Nifedipine. Circulation (1995) 92:1326–1331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PACKER M, O'CONNOR M, GHALI JK et al. Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. New EngI J. Med. (1996) 335:1107–1114.
   Google Scholar
• ESTACIO RO, JEFFERS BW, HIATT WR et al.: The effect of nislodipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovas-cular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. New Engl. J. Med. (1998) 338:645–652.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STAESSEN J, FAGARD R, THUS L et al.: Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. Lancet (1997) 350:757–764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TUOMILHETO J, RASTENYTE D, BIRKENHAGER WH et al.: Effects of calcium-channel blockage in older patients with diabetes and systolic hypertension. New Engl. J. Med. (1999) 340:677–684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MICHELS KB, ROSNER BA, MANSON JE et al.: Prospective study of calcium channel blocker use, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality among hypertensive women. Circulation (1998) 97:1540–1548.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clinical trials session. 71st American Heart Association Meeting, 11 November, (1998) Dallas, Texas, USA.
   Google Scholar
• DAVIS BR, CUTLER JA, GORDON DJ et al.: Rationale and design for the antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). ALLHAT Research Group. Am. J. Hypertens. (1996) 9(4 Pt 0342–360.
   Google Scholar
• SPAMPINATO S, BACHETTI T, CARBONI L, RATTI E, VAN AMSTERDAM FT, FERRIS: Ca2+ channel blocking activity of lacidipine and amlodipine in A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. Mol. Pharmacol. (1993) 244:139–144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SALOMONE S, GODFRAIND T: Radioligand and functional estimates of the interaction of the 1,4-dihydropyridines, isradipine and lacidipine, with calcium channels in smooth muscle. Br. J. Pharmacol (1993) 109:100–106.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MENNINI T, TADDEI C, USLENGHI A et al. : In-vivobinding of (-0431-11PN 200–110 to peripheral tissues and brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats: Effect of lacidipine. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. (1993) 11 (Suppl. 1):S13–19.
   Google Scholar
• HERBETTE LG, GAVIRAGHI G, TULENKO T, MASON RP:Molecular interaction between lacidipine and biological membranes. J. Hypertens. (1993) 11 (Suppl. 1):S13–19.
   Google Scholar
• SQUASSANTE L, CAVEGGION E, BRAGGIO S, PELLEGATTI M, BAROLDI P: A study of plasma disposition kinetics of lacidipine after single oral ascending doses. J. Cardio-vasc. Pharmacol. (1994) 23 (Suppl. 5):594–97.
   Google Scholar
• PERELMAN M: Selection of initial and maintenancedosages for lacidipine, a new once-daily calcium antagonist for the treatment of hypertension. (1991) 17\(Suppl. 4):S14–19.
   Google Scholar
• PALATINI P, PENZO M, GUZZARDI G, ANACLERIO M, PESSINA AC: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the assessment of antihypertensive treatment: 24-h blood pressure control with lacidipine once a day. J. Hypertens. Suppl. (1991) 9(3):561–66.
   Google Scholar
• KELLY JG, O'MALLEY K: Clinical pharmacokinetics ofcalcium antagonists: An update. Clin. Pharmacokinet. (1992) 22(6):416–433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YOSHINAGA K, IIMURA 0, SARUTA T, YAZAKI Y, TSUKIYAMA H, TAKEDA R et al.: Early Phase II study of calcium channel blocker lacidipine (SN-305) in patients with essential hypertensinon - open study. Pilot study. Rinsho Iyaku (1993) 9 (10 : 2507–2521.
   Google Scholar
• HEBER ME, BROADHURST PA, BRIGDEN GS, RAFTERY EB: Effectiveness of the once-daily calcium antagonist, lacidipine, in controlling 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure. Am. J. Cardiol. (1990) 66(17):1228–1232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ZITO M, ABATE G, CERVONE C: Effects of antihyperten-sive therapy with lacidipine on ambulatory blood pressure in the elderly. J. Hypertens. (1991) 9\(Suppl. 3):S79–83.
   Google Scholar
• GALDERISI M, GAROFALO M, CELENTANO A, ALFIERI A, DE DIVITIIS 0: Comparative evaluation of the antihy-pertensive efficacy of once-daily sustained-release isradipine and lacidipine using 24-hour blood-pressure monitoring. J. Int. Med. Res. (1995) 23 (4) :234–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LAU CP, CHEUNG BM: Relative efficacy and tolerability of lacidipine and amlodipine in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension: a randomized double-blind study. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1996) 28(2):328–331.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MEREDITH PA, REID JL: Differences between calciumchannel antagonists: duration of action and trough to peak ratio. J. Hypertens. (1993) 11 (Suppl. 1):S21–26.
   Google Scholar
• SALVETTI A, DI VENANZIO L: Clinical pharmacology oflong-acting calcium antagonists: what relevance for
   Google Scholar
• © Ashley Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs (1999) 8(7) therapeutic effects. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1994) 23 (Suppl. 5):S31–34.
   Google Scholar
• ENDERSBY CA, BROWN EG, PERELMAN MS: Safety profile of lacidipine: a review of clinical data. J. Cardio-vasc. Pharmacol. (1991) 17\(Suppl. 4):S45–47.
   Google Scholar
• RIZZINI P, CASTELLO C, SALVI S, RECCHIA G: Efficacy and safety of lacidipine, a new long-lasting calcium antagonists, in elderly hypertensive men. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1991) 17 (Suppl. 4):S38–44.
   Google Scholar
• LYONS D, FOWLER G, WEBSTER J, HALL ST, PETRI JC: An assessment of lacidipine and atenolol in mild to moderate hypertension. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. (1994) 37:45–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MALACCO E, GNEMMI AE, ROMAGNOLI A, COPPINI A, on behalf of the SHELL Study Group: Systolic hypertension in the elderly long-term lacidipine treatment. Objective, protocol and organization. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1994) 23 (Suppl. 5):562–66.
   Google Scholar
• PAOLETTI R, BERNINI F, CORSINI A, SOMA MR: The antiatherosclerotic effects of calcium antagonists. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1995) 25 (Suppl. 3):S1–10.
   Google Scholar
• BOND G, DAL PALU C, HANSSON L et al.: The ELSA trial: protocol of a randomized trial to explore the differen-tial effect of antihypertensive drugs on atherosclerosis in hypertension. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1994) 23 (Suppl. 5):S85–87.
   Google Scholar
• SATOH H: Pharmacology and therapeutic effects of mepirodipine. Cardiovasc. Drug Rev. (1991) 9:340–356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HART W, HOLWERDA NJ: Barnidipine, a novel calcium antagonist for once-daily treatment of hypertension: A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study. Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. (1997) 11:637–643.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TERAMURA T, WATANABE T, HIGUCHI S, HASHIMOTO K: Pharmacokinetics of barnidipine hydrochloride, a new dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, in the rat, dog, and human. Xenobiotica (1995) 25(10:1237–1246.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• SPIEKER C: Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily barnidipine in theclinical management of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Blood Press. Suppl. (1998) 1:15–21.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• ARGENZIANO L, RAFFAELE I, IOVINO G et al: Distinct vasodilatation, without reflex neurohormonal activa-tion, induced by barnidipine in hypertensive patients. Blood Pressure (1998) 7 (Suppl. 1):9–14.
   Google Scholar
• IMAI Y, ABE K, NISHIYAMA A, SEKINO M, YOSHINAGA K: Evaluation of the antihypertensive effect of barnidipine, a dihydropyridine calcium entry blocker, as determined by the ambulatory blood pressure level averaged for 24h, daytime, and nighttime. Barnidipine Study Group. Am. J. Hypertens. (1997) 10(12 Pt 1)1415–1419.
   Google Scholar
• KANDA A, HARUNO A, MIYAKE H, NAGASAKA M: Antihy-pertensive effects of MPC-1304, a novel calcium antagonist, in experimental hypertensive rats and dogs. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1992) 20(5):723–730.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OKUMURA K, ISCHIHARA K, NAGASAKA M: Effects ofaranidipine, a novel calcium channel blocker, on mechanical responses of the isolated rat portal vein: comparison with typical calcium channel blockers and potassium channel openers. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. (1997) 29:209–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KANDA A, HARUNO A, MIYOSHI K et al.: Cardiovascular profile of MPC-1304, a novel dihydropyridine calcium antagonist: comparison with other calcium antago-nists. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1993) 22(1)167–175.
   Google Scholar
• SUNAMI A, KANNO T, KANDA A: Voltage- and frequency-dependent modulation of L-type Ca2+ channel by MPC-1304, a novel calcium antagonist in guinea-pig hearts. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. (1995) 330(2) :151–164.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• FUJII S, KAMEYAMA K, HOSONO M, HAYASHI K, KITAMURA K: Effect of cilnidipine, a novel dihydropy-ridine Ca2±-channel antagonist, on N-type Ca2±channel rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. (1997) 280:1184–1191.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NAKASHIMA M, KOU M, HASHITANI H et al.: Actions of FRC-8653 on smooth muscle cells of the rabbit mesenteric artery. Jpn. j Pharmacol. (1991) 57 (1) 51–61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MINAMI J, ISHIMITSU T, KAWANO Y, NUMABE A, MATSUOKA H: Comparison of 24-hour blood pressure, heart rate, and autonomic nerve activity in hyperten-sive patients treated with cilnidipine or nifedipine retard. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol (1998) 32(2)331–336.
   Google Scholar
• MINAMI J, ISHIMITSU T, HIGASHI T, NUMABE A, MATSUOKA H: Comparison between cilnidipine and nislodipine with respect to effects on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive patients. Hypertens. Res. (1998) 21(3):215–219.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TANAKA H, MASUMIYA H, SEKINE T et al.: Myocardial and vascular effects of efonidipine in vitro as compared with nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem. Gen. Pharmacol (1996) 27(3):4515–4524.
   Google Scholar
• MASUMIYA H, SHIJUKU T, TANAKA H, SHIGENOBU K: Inhibition of myocardial L- and T-type Ca2+ currents by efonidipine: possible mechanism for its chronotropic effect. Eur. j Pharmacol. (1998) 349 (2-3) :351–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• HERBETTE LG, VECCHIARELLI M, SARTANI A, LEONARDI A: Lercanidipine: short plasma half-life, long duration of action and high cholesterol tolerance. Updated molecular model to rationalize its pharmacokinetic properties. Blood Pressure (1998) 2:S7–10
   Google Scholar
• OMBONI S, ZANCHETTI A: Antihypertensive efficacy of lercanidipine at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg in mild to moderate essential hypertensives assessed by clinic and ambula-tory blood pressure measurements. J. Hypertens. (1998) 16:1831–1838.
   Google Scholar