Potential malignant cell contamination in transplanted ovarian tissue

References

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• Bastings L, Beerendonk CC, Westphal JR, et al. Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in cancer survivors and the risk of reintroducing malignancy: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update. 2013;19:483–506. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmt020.
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•• This systematic review on the safety of transplanting cryopreserved ovarian tissue proposed recommendations for transplantation in cancer survivors that were established by a validated score system to evaluate the strength of evidence of each included study.

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•• Reimplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue from patients with leukemia puts them at risk of disease recurrence. Histology, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and xenografting to immunodeficient mice were performed for each ovarian tissue of 12 patients with leukemia. Four mice grafted with ovarian tissue developed a tumor.

• Greve T, Clasen-Linde E, Andersen MT, et al. Cryopreserved ovarian cortex from patients with leukemia in complete remission contains no apparent viable malignant cells. Blood. 2012;120(22):4311–4316. doi:10.1182/blood-2012-01-403022.
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•• Ovarian tissues retrieved in 25 patients with leukemia were studied by in vitro and in vivo methods. Among these patients, 17 were in complete remission. After transplantation in nude mice, none of the mice developed leukemia in spite of positive RT-quantitative PCR in some tissues.

• Meirow D, Raanani H, Brengauz M, et al. Results of one center indicate that transplantation of thawed ovarian tissue is effective. Repeated IVF reveals good egg quality and high pregnancy rate. Hum Reprod. 2012;27(suppl 2):ii115–ii117. doi:10.1093/humrep/27.s2.71.
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• In this retrospective analysis of 5571 autopsies of Japanese women who died of malignancies, the overall percentage of ovarian metastases was 22.4% in women younger than 40 years. It ranges from 8.4% to 55.8% according to different types of primary tumor.

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• In the first reported pregnancy following heterotopic grafting of cryopreserved ovarian tissue, the first case of malignant recurrence related to grafting was also described.

• Rosendahl M, Schmidt KT, Ernst E, et al. Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue for a decade in Denmark – an overview of the technique. Reprod Biomed Online. 2011;22:162–171. doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.10.015.
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• Jensen AK, Kristensen SG, Macklon KT, et al. Outcomes of transplantations of cryopreserved ovarian tissue to 41 women in Denmark. Hum Reprod. 2015;30:2838–2845. doi:10.1093/humrep/dev230.
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•• This retrospective cohort study showed the outcome of transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue to 41 Danish patients. It is the largest series of ovarian tissue transplantations performed worldwide from one center showing a pregnancy rate of about 30% and a long-lasting ovarian tissue function. Only three relapses were described, but they were unlikely to be due to the transplanted tissue.