References
- British Lung FoundationChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) statistics Available from: https://statistics.blf.org.uk/copdAccessed December 2017. Accessed November 14, 2018
- British Lung FoundationEstimating the economic burden of respiratory illness in the UK2017 Available from: https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/0221/4446/files/PC-1601_-_Economic_burden_report_FINAL_8cdaba2a-589a-4a49-bd14-f45d66167795.pdfAccessed November 14, 2018
- BurneyPGJPatelJNewsonRGlobal and regional trends in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality 1990–2010Eur Respir J2015451239124725837037
- HaughneyJGruffydd-JonesKRobertsJLeeAJHardwellAMcgarveyLThe distribution of COPD in UK general practice using the new GOLD classificationEur Respir J2014434993100224176990
- SuissaSDell’AnielloSErnstPLong-term natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: severe exacerbations and mortalityThorax2012671195796322684094
- DonaldsonGCHurstJRSmithCJHubbardRBWedzichaJAIncreased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke following exacerbation of COPDChest201013751091109720022970
- WedzichaJASinghRMackayAJAcute COPD exacerbationsClin Chest Med201435115716324507843
- CelliBRThomasNEAndersonJAEffect of pharmacotherapy on rate of decline of lung function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from the TORCH studyAm J Respir Crit Care Med2008178433233818511702
- QureshiHSharafkhanehAHananiaNAChronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: latest evidence and clinical implicationsTher Adv Chronic Dis20145521222725177479
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of YorkInhaler devices for the management of asthma and COPDEffective Health Care20038number 1112 Available from: www.york.ac.uk/media/crd/ehc81.pdfAccessed November 14, 2018
- Chiesi LimitedTrimbow 87 micrograms/5 micrograms/9 micrograms pressurised inhalation, solution. Summary of product characteristics2017 Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/33828Accessed November 14, 2018
- GlaxoSmithKline UKTrelegy. Summary of product characteristics2018 Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/34357Accessed November 14, 2018
- CovveyJRMullenABRyanMA comparison of medication adherence/persistence for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the United KingdomInt J Clin Pract2014681200120824797899
- van BovenJFChavannesNHvan der MolenTRutten-van MölkenMPPostmaMJVegterSClinical and economic impact of non-adherence in COPD: a systematic reviewRespir Med2014108110311324070566
- MuellerSWilkeTBechtelBPunekarYSMitznerKVirchowJCNon-persistence and non-adherence to long-acting COPD medication therapy: A retrospective cohort study based on a large German claims datasetRespir Med201712211127993284
- MäkeläMJBackerVHedegaardMAdherence to inhaled therapies, health outcomes and costs in patients with asthma and COPDRespir Med20131071481149023643487
- SanduzziABalboPCandoliPCOPD: adherence to therapyMultidiscip Respir Med2014916025485108
- Díez-ManglanoJBarquero-RomeroJMenaPAPolypharmacy in patients hospitalised for acute exacerbation of COPDEur Respir J201444379179424833769
- CorsonelloAScarlataSPedoneCTreating COPD in older and oldest old patientsCurr Pharm Des201521131672168925633118
- SanchisJGichIPedersenSSystematic review of errors in inhaler use: has patient technique improved over time?Chest2016150239440627060726
- Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD)Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of COPD2017 Available from: http://goldcopd.org/gold-2017-global-strategy-diagnosis-management-prevention-copdAccessed November 14, 2018
- National Institute for health and Care Excellence (NICE)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management2010 Available from: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg101Accessed November 14, 2018
- SinghDPapiACorradiMSingle inhaler triple therapy versus inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β2-agonist therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRILOGY): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trialLancet20163881004896397327598678
- VestboJPapiACorradiMSingle inhaler extrafine triple therapy versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRINITY): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trialLancet2017389100821919192928385353
- LipsonDABarnacleHBirkRFULFIL Trial: once-daily triple therapy for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2017196443844628375647
- WurstKEPunekarYSShuklaATreatment evolution after COPD diagnosis in the UK primary care settingPLoS One201499e10529625180802
- PapiAVestboJFabbriLExtrafine inhaled triple therapy versus dual bronchodilator therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRIBUTE): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trialLancet2018391101251076108429429593
- LipsonDABarnhartFBrealeyNOnce-daily single-inhaler triple versus dual therapy in patients with COPDN Engl J Med2018378181671168029668352
- CrimCDransfieldMTBourbeauJPneumonia risk with inhaled fluticasone furoate and vilanterol compared with vilanterol alone in patients with COPDAnn Am Thorac Soc2015121273425490706
- VestboJAndersonJABrookRDFluticasone furoate and vilanterol and survival in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with heightened cardiovascular risk (SUMMIT): a double-blind randomised controlled trialLancet2016387100301817182627203508
- WurstKEKelly-ReifKBushnellGAPascoeSBarnesNUnderstanding asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndromeRespir Med201611011126525374
- PriceDWestDBrusselleGManagement of COPD in the UK primary-care setting: an analysis of real-life prescribing patternsInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2014988990525210450
- PascoeSJLipsonDALocantoreNA phase III randomised controlled trial of single-dose triple therapy in COPD: the IMPACT protocolEur Respir J201648232033027418551
- GSKGSK Innoviva report positive headline results from IMPACT study showing single inhaler triple therapy Trelegy Ellipta reduced COPD exacerbations Available from: https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/media/press-releases/gsk-and-innoviva-report-positive-headline-results-from-impact-study-showing-single-inhaler-triple-therapy-trelegy-ellipta-reduced-copd-exacerbationsAccessed November 14, 2018
- SinghDBarnesPJStockleyRLopez ValeraMVVogelmeierCAgustiAPharmacological treatment of COPD: the devil is always in the detailEur Respir J2018514180026329674480
- BrusselleGPriceDGruffydd-JonesKThe inevitable drift to triple therapy in COPD: an analysis of prescribing pathways in the UKInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2015102207221726527869
- Kraïm-LeleuMLesageFXDrameMLebargyFDeschampsFOccupational risk factors for COPD: A case-control studyPLoS One2016118e015871927487078
- OmlandØWürtzETAasenTBOccupational chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic literature reviewScand J Work Environ Health2014401193524220056
- SinghDNew combination bronchodilators for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current evidence and future perspectivesBr J Clin Pharmacol201579569570825377687
- BatemanEDChapmanKRSinghDAclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate as a fixed-dose combination in COPD: pooled analysis of symptoms and exacerbations from two six-month, multicentre, randomised studies (ACLIFORM and AUGMENT)Respir Res2015169226233481
- SinghDFergusonGTBolitschekJTiotropium + olodaterol shows clinically meaningful improvements in quality of lifeRespir Med2015109101312131926320402
- SinghDRocheNHalpinDAgustiAWedzichaJAMartinezFJCurrent controversies in the pharmacological treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2016194554154927585383
- SinghDCorradiMSpinolaMPetruzzelliSPapiAExtrafine beclo-metasone diproprionate/formoterol fumarate: a review of its effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNPJ Prim Care Respir Med2016261603027309985
- HurstJRVestboJAnzuetoASusceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med2010363121128113820843247
- KeeneJDJacobsonSKechrisKBiomarkers predictive of exacerbations in the SPIROMICS and COPDGene cohortsAm J Respir Crit Care Med2017195447348127579823
- HurstJRVestboJAnzuetoASusceptibility to exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseN Engl J Med2010363121128113820843247
- MahboubBHVatsMGAl ZaabiAJoint statement for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Middle East-North Africa region, 2017Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2017122869289029070946
- BafadhelMPetersonSde BlasMAPredictors of exacerbation risk and response to budesonide in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post-hoc analysis of three randomised trialsLancet Respir Med20186211712629331313
- SiddiquiSHGuasconiAVestboJBlood eosinophils: a biomarker of response to extrafine beclomethasone/formoterol in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med2015192452352526051430
- PascoeSLocantoreNDransfieldMTBarnesNCPavordIDBlood eosinophil counts, exacerbations, and response to the addition of inhaled fluticasone furoate to vilanterol in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a secondary analysis of data from two parallel randomised controlled trialsLancet Respir Med20153643544225878028
- CalverleyPMATetzlaffKVogelmeierCEosinophilia, frequent exacerbations, and steroid response in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAm J Respir Crit Care Med201719691219122128306321
- WatzHTetzlaffKWoutersEFBlood eosinophil count and exacerbations in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids: a post-hoc analysis of the WISDOM trialLancet Respir Med20164539039827066739
- ChapmanKRHurstJRFrentSMLong-Term Triple Therapy De-escalation to Indacaterol/Glycopyrronium in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (SUNSET): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Triple-Dummy Clinical TrialAm J Respir Crit Care Med2018198332933929779416
- ChorãoPPereiraAMFonsecaJAInhaler devices in asthma and COPD – an assessment of inhaler technique and patient preferencesRespir Med2014108796897524873873
- PothiratCChaiwongWPhetsukNPisalthanapunaSChetsadaphanNChoomuangWEvaluating inhaler use technique in COPD patientsInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2015101291129826185435
- BremnerPRBirkRBrealeyNIsmailaASZhuCQLipsonDASingle-inhaler fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol versus fluticasone furoate/vilanterol plus umeclidinium using two inhalers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized non-inferiority studyRespir Res20181911929370819
- BraidoFLavoriniFBlasiFBaiardiniICanonicaGWSwitching treatments in COPD: implications for costs and treatment adherenceInt J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis2015102601260826664108
- BrodeSKCampitelliMAKwongJCThe risk of mycobacterial infections associated with inhaled corticosteroid useEur Respir J2017503170003728931659
- FesticEScanlonPDIncident pneumonia and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A double effect of inhaled corticosteroids?Am J Respir Crit Care Med2015191214114825409118
- FinneyLBerryMSinganayagamAElkinSLJohnstonSLMalliaPInhaled corticosteroids and pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseLancet Respir Med201421191993225240963
- European Medicines AgencyGuideline on clinical investigation of medicinal products in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)2012 Available from: www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2012/08/WC500130880.pdfAccessed November 14, 2018