A Hospital-Based and Cross-Sectional Investigation on Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates in Beijing from 2015 to 2021

References

• World Health Organization. Pneumococcal vaccines WHO position paper--2012. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2012;87(14):129–144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yildirim I, Shea KM, Pelton SI. Pneumococcal disease in the era of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2015;29(4):679–697. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2015.07.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choe YJ, Choi EH, Lee HJ. The changing epidemiology of childhood pneumococcal disease in Korea. Infect Chemother. 2013;45(2):145–158. doi:10.3947/ic.2013.45.2.145
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Amin AN, Cerceo EA, Deitelzweig SB, Pile JC, Rosenberg DJ, Sherman BM. The hospitalist perspective on treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. Postgrad Med. 2014;126(2):18–29. doi:10.3810/pgm.2014.03.2737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mendes C, Marin ME, Quinones F, et al. Antibacterial resistance of community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens recovered from patients in Latin America: results from the PROTEKT surveillance study (1999–2000). Braz J Infect Dis. 2003;7(1):44–61. doi:10.1590/S1413-86702003000100006
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hsueh PR, Luh KT. Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Taiwan. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8(12):1487–1491. doi:10.3201/eid0812.020178
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oligbu G, Fry NK, Ladhani SN. The Pneumococcus and Its Critical Role in Public Health. Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1968:205–213.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fu P, Xu H, Jing C, et al. Bacterial epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles in children reported by the ISPED program in China, 2016 to 2020. Microbiol Spectr. 2021;9(3):e0028321. doi:10.1128/Spectrum.00283-21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li ZJ, Zhang HY, Ren LL, et al. Etiological and epidemiological features of acute respiratory infections in China. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):5026. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25120-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim JS, Jung BK, Kim JW, Kim GY. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from clinical samples in the past 8 years in Korea. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:6615334. doi:10.1155/2021/6615334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris MC, Pichichero ME. Streptococcus pneumoniae burden and nasopharyngeal inflammation during acute otitis media. Innate Immun. 2017;23(8):667–677. doi:10.1177/1753425917737825
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casey JR, Kaur R, Friedel VC, Pichichero ME. Acute otitis media otopathogens during 2008 to 2010 in Rochester, New York. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013;32(8):805–809. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31828d9acc
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandrasekharan S, Amin T, Kim J, et al. Intellectual property rights and challenges for development of affordable human papillomavirus, rotavirus and pneumococcal vaccines: patent landscaping and perspectives of developing country vaccine manufacturers. Vaccine. 2015;33(46):6366–6370. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang CY, Chen YH, Fang C, et al. Antibiotic resistance profiles and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in pediatrics: a multicenter retrospective study in mainland China. Medicine. 2019;98(24):e15942. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000015942
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith DK, Kuckel DP, Recidoro AM. Community-acquired pneumonia in children: rapid evidence review. Am Fam Physician. 2021;104(6):618–625.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang M, Wang X, Zhu L, et al. Clinical characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and risk factors for mortality in paediatric invasive pneumococcal disease in Beijing, 2012–2017. BMC Infect Dis. 2022;22(1):338. doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07179-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song JY, Lee JS, Wie SH, et al. Prospective cohort study on the effectiveness of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in preventing pneumonia development and hospitalization. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015;22(2):229–234. doi:10.1128/CVI.00673-14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Specht M, Garcia Gabarrot G, Mollerach M, et al. Resistance to beta-lactams in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Rev Argent Microbiol. 2021;53(3):266–271. doi:10.1016/j.ram.2021.02.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs MR. Clinical significance of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. S Afr Med J. 2007;97(11 Pt 3):1133–1140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sader HS, Mendes RE, Le J, Denys G, Flamm RK, Jones RN. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae from North America, Europe, Latin America, and the Asia-Pacific Region: results From 20 Years of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997–2016). Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019;6(Suppl 1):S14–S23. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofy263
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yu S, Yao K, Shen X, Zhang W, Liu X, Yang Y. Serogroup distribution and antimicrobial resistance of nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae among Beijing children with upper respiratory infections (2000–2005). Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2008;27(8):649–655. doi:10.1007/s10096-008-0481-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yao KH, Wang LB, Zhao GM, et al. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients with pneumonia in four children’s hospitals in China [in Chinese]. Chin J Contemp Pediatr. 2008;10(3):275–279.
   Google Scholar
• Linares J, Ardanuy C, Pallares R, Fenoll A. Changes in antimicrobial resistance, serotypes and genotypes in Streptococcus pneumoniae over a 30-year period. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010;16(5):402–410. doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03182.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin-Loeches I, Rodriguez AH, Torres A. New guidelines for hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia: USA vs. Europe Curr Opin Crit Care. 2018;24(5):347–352. doi:10.1097/MCC.0000000000000535
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• System CA. 2014至2017年中国儿童及新生儿患者细菌耐药监测研究 [Surveillance of bacterial resistance in children and newborns across China from 2014 to 2017]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018;98(40):3279–3287. Chinese. doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.40.013
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zhao C, Yang S, Zhang F, et al. Antimicrobial resistance trends of the most common causative pathogens associated with community-acquired respiratory infections in China: 2009–2018. Infect Drug Resist. 2022;15:5069–5083. doi:10.2147/IDR.S374805
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuzuki S, Akiyama T, Matsunaga N, et al. Improved penicillin susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae and increased penicillin consumption in Japan, 2013–2018. PLoS One. 2020;15(10):e0240655. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones RN, Sader HS, Mendes RE, Flamm RK. Update on antimicrobial susceptibility trends among Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States: report of ceftaroline activity from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1998–2011). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013;75(1):107–109. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.08.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharew B, Moges F, Yismaw G, et al. Antimicrobial resistance profile and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected of pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2021;20(1):26. doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00432-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierzbowski AK, Karlowsky JA, Adam HJ, Nichol KA, Hoban DJ, Zhanel GG. Evolution and molecular characterization of macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada between 1998 and 2008. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014;69(1):59–66. doi:10.1093/jac/dkt332
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aspa J, Rajas O, de Castro FR. Pneumococcal antimicrobial resistance: therapeutic strategy and management in community-acquired pneumonia. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2008;9(2):229–241. doi:10.1517/14656566.9.2.229
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee HY, Wu TL, Su LH, et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease caused by ceftriaxone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2018;51(4):500–509. doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2016.12.004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee MC, Kuo KC, Lee CH, et al. The antimicrobial susceptibility in adult invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of pneumococcus vaccination: a hospital-based observational study in Taiwan. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020;53(6):836–844. doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2020.01.003
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cherazard R, Epstein M, Doan TL, Salim T, Bharti S, Smith MA. Antimicrobial resistant streptococcus pneumoniae: prevalence, mechanisms, and clinical implications. Am J Ther. 2017;24(3):e361–e9. doi:10.1097/MJT.0000000000000551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsai YT, Lee YL, Lu MC, et al. Nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwan from 2017 to 2019. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2021;55(2):215–224.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Choi SH, Park SJ, Jun JB, et al. Comparative in vitro activities of carbapenem antimicrobial agents against 264 penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Korea. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007;58(1):141–143. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.11.017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzouvelekis LS, Markogiannakis A, Psichogiou M, Tassios PT, Daikos GL. Carbapenemases in Klebsiella pneumoniae and other Enterobacteriaceae: an evolving crisis of global dimensions. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2012;25(4):682–707. doi:10.1128/CMR.05035-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakano S, Fujisawa T, Ito Y, et al. Penicillin-binding protein typing, antibiotic resistance gene identification, and molecular phylogenetic analysis of meropenem-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A-CC3111 Strains in Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019;63:9. doi:10.1128/AAC.00711-19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim SH, Song JH, Chung DR, et al. Changing trends in antimicrobial resistance and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Asian countries: an Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012;56(3):1418–1426. doi:10.1128/AAC.05658-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shi W, Li J, Dong F, et al. Serotype distribution, antibiotic resistance pattern, and multilocus sequence types of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in two tertiary pediatric hospitals in Beijing prior to PCV13 availability. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019;18(1):89–94. doi:10.1080/14760584.2019.1557523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar