Risk Factors for Pulmonary Infection and Nursing Interventions Post-Tracheostomy in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

References

• Li J, Liu G, Zheng Y, et al. The epidemiological survey of acute traumatic spinal cord injury (ATSCI) of 2002 in Beijing municipality. Spinal Cord. 2011;49(7):777–782. doi:10.1038/sc.2011.8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Algahtany MA. Association between orthopedic fractures and traumatic spinal injury due to road traffic accidents. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2021;25(24):7878–7886. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202112_27636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perot PL, Lee WA, Hsu CY, Hogan EL, Cox RD, Gross AJ. Therapeutic model for experimental spinal cord injury in the rat: i. Mortality and motor deficit. Cent Nerv Syst Trauma. 1987;4(3):149–159. doi:10.1089/cns.1987.4.149
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Winslow C, Bode RK, Felton D, Chen D, Meyer PR. Impact of respiratory complications on length of stay and hospital costs in acute cervical spine injury. Chest. 2002;121(5):1548–1554. doi:10.1378/chest.121.5.1548
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urdaneta F, Layon AJ, Guiot B, Mendel E, Kirby RR. Respiratory complications in patients with traumatic cervical spine injuries: case report and review of the literature. J Clin Anesth. 2003;15(5):398–405. doi:10.1016/s0952-8180(03)00105-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vidal J, Javierre C, Segura R, Lizarraga A, Barbany JR, Pérez A. Physiological adaptations to exercise in people with spinal cord injury. J Physiol Biochem. 2003;59(1):11–18. doi:10.1007/BF03179863
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winslow C, Rozovsky J. Effect of spinal cord injury on the respiratory system. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;82(10):803–814. doi:10.1097/01.PHM.0000078184.08835.01
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berlly M, Shem K. Respiratory management during the first five days after spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30(4):309–318. doi:10.1080/10790268.2007.11753946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson AB, Groomes TE. Incidence of respiratory complications following spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994;75(3):270–275. doi:10.1016/0003-9993(94)90027-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Determann RM, Royakkers A, Wolthuis EK, et al. Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with conventional tidal volumes for patients without acute lung injury: a preventive randomized controlled trial. Crit Care. 2010;14(1):R1. doi:10.1186/cc8230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frutos-Vivar F, Esteban A, Apezteguía C, et al. Outcome of mechanically ventilated patients who require a tracheostomy. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(2):290–298. doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000150026.85210.13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freeman BD, Morris PE. Tracheostomy practice in adults with acute respiratory failure. Crit Care Med. 2012;40(10):2890–2896. doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e31825bc948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung NH, Napolitano LM. Tracheostomy: epidemiology, indications, timing, technique, and outcomes. Respir Care. 2014;59(6):895–919. doi:10.4187/respcare.02971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrop JS, Sharan AD, Scheid EH, Vaccaro AR, Przybylski GJ. Tracheostomy placement in patients with complete cervical spinal cord injuries: American Spinal Injury Association Grade A. J Neurosurg. 2004;100(1 Suppl Spine):20–23. doi:10.3171/spi.2004.100.1.0020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumbak MJ, Newton M, Truncale T, Schwartz SW, Adams JW, Hazard PB. A prospective, randomized, study comparing early percutaneous dilational tracheostomy to prolonged translaryngeal intubation (delayed tracheostomy) in critically ill medical patients [published correction appears in Crit Care Med. 2004 Dec;32(12):2566]. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(8):1689–1694. doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000134835.05161.b6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galeiras Vázquez R, Rascado Sedes P, Mourelo Fariña M, Montoto Marqués A, Ferreiro Velasco ME. Respiratory management in the patient with spinal cord injury. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:168757. doi:10.1155/2013/168757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Randelman M, Zholudeva LV, Vinit S, Lane MA. Respiratory Training and Plasticity After Cervical Spinal Cord Injury. Front Cell Neurosci. 2021;15:700821. doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.700821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Friedberg SA, Griffith TE, Hass GM. Histologic changes in the trachea following tracheostomy. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1965;74(3):785–798. doi:10.1177/000348946507400317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ditunno JF, Young W, Donovan WH, Creasey G. The international standards booklet for neurological and functional classification of spinal cord injury. American Spinal Injury Association. Paraplegia. 1994;32(2):70–80. doi:10.1038/sc.1994.13
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shi Y, Huang Y, Zhang TT, et al. Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults (2018 edition). J Thorac Dis. 2019;11(6):2581–2616. doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.06.09
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leone M, Bouadma L, Bouhemad B, et al. Brief summary of French guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia in ICU. Ann Intensive Care. 2018;8(1):104. doi:10.1186/s13613-018-0444-0
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Walters BC, Hadley MN, Hurlbert RJ, et al. Guidelines for the management of acute cervical spine and spinal cord injuries: 2013 update. Neurosurgery. 2013;60(CN_suppl_1):82–91. doi:10.1227/01.neu.0000430319.32247.7f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosling AF, Bose S, Gomez E, et al. Perioperative Considerations for Tracheostomies in the Era of COVID-19. Anesth Analg. 2020;131(2):378–386. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angel L, Kon ZN, Chang SH, et al. Novel percutaneous tracheostomy for critically ill patients with COVID-19. Ann Thorac Surg. 2020;110(3):1006–1011. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.04.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raimondi N, Vial MR, Calleja J, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for the use of tracheostomy in critically ill patients. J Crit Care. 2017;38:304–318. doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.10.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siempos II, Ntaidou TK, Filippidis FT, Choi AMK. Effect of early versus late or no tracheostomy on mortality and pneumonia of critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2015;3(2):150–158. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00007-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witcher KG, Bray CE, Chunchai T, et al. Traumatic brain injury causes chronic cortical inflammation and neuronal dysfunction mediated by microglia. J Neurosci. 2021;41(7):1597–1616. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2469-20.2020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abou-El-Hassan H, Dia B, Choucair K, et al. Traumatic brain injury, diabetic neuropathy and altered-psychiatric health: the fateful triangle. Med Hypotheses. 2017;108:69–80. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu C, Zhou B, Li Z, et al. Risk factors and nursing intervention of pulmonary infection in patients with tracheotomy in ICU.Chinese. J Disinfect. 2017;34(8):760–763. doi:10.11726/j.issn.1001-7658.2017.08.018
   Google Scholar
• DiSilvio B, Young M, Gordon A, Malik K, Singh A, Cheema T. Complications and Outcomes of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Crit Care Nurs Q. 2019;42(4):349–361. doi:10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raimondi N, Vial MR, Calleja J, et al. Evidence-based guides in tracheostomy use in critical patients. Guías basadas en la evidencia para el uso de traqueostomía en el paciente crítico. Med Intensiva. 2017;41(2):94–115. doi:10.1016/j.medin.2016.12.001
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shi H, Na Q, Zhang X, Jiang X. Correlations between the levels of acute infection markers and serum albumin in elderly patients with Hip fracture. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017;29(3):435–441. doi:10.1007/s40520-016-0585-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caplan A, Fett N, Rosenbach M, Werth VP, Micheletti RG. Prevention and management of glucocorticoid-induced side effects: a comprehensive review: infectious complications and vaccination recommendations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017;76(2):191–198. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2016.02.1240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quatrini L, Wieduwild E, Escaliere B, et al. Endogenous glucocorticoids control host resistance to viral infection through the tissue-specific regulation of PD-1 expression on NK cells. Nat Immunol. 2018;19(9):954–962. doi:10.1038/s41590-018-0185-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ince LM, Zhang Z, Beesley S, et al. Circadian variation in pulmonary inflammatory responses is independent of rhythmic glucocorticoid signaling in airway epithelial cells. FASEB J. 2019;33(1):126–139. doi:10.1096/fj.201800026RR
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouzé A, Martin-Loeches I, Nseir S. Airway devices in ventilator-associated pneumonia pathogenesis and prevention. Clin Chest Med. 2018;39(4):775–783. doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2018.08.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Younan D, Lin E, Griffin R, et al. Early trauma-induced coagulopathy is associated with increased ventilator-associated pneumonia in spinal cord injury patients. Shock. 2016;45(5):502–505. doi:10.1097/SHK.0000000000000531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Cadranel J, Flick H, et al. Treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: current standards and future perspectives. Respiration. 2018;96(2):159–170. doi:10.1159/000489474
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng C, Zhang M, Zhang S, Zhang J, Li C, Zhou J. Therapeutic effects of pentoxifylline on invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunosuppressed mice. BMC Pulm Med. 2021;21(1):31. doi:10.1186/s12890-021-01396-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asemahagn MA. Sputum smear conversion and associated factors among smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a longitudinal study. BMC Pulm Med. 2021;21(1):118. doi:10.1186/s12890-021-01483-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long SM, Chern A, Feit NZ, et al. Percutaneous and open tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19: comparison and outcomes of an institutional series in New York City. Ann Surg. 2021;273(3):403–409. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004428
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mubashir T, Arif AA, Ernest P, et al. Early versus late tracheostomy in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2021;132(2):384–394. doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wästfelt M, Cao Y, Ström JO. Predictors of post-stroke fever and infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol. 2018;18(1):49. doi:10.1186/s12883-018-1046-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rejeski K, Kunz WG, Rudelius M, et al. Severe Candida glabrata pancolitis and fatal Aspergillus fumigatus pulmonary infection in the setting of bone marrow aplasia after CD19-directed CAR T-cell therapy - a case report. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):121. doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05755-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar