130
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL RESEARCH

High Prevalence of Respiratory Co-Infections and Risk Factors in COVID-19 Patients at Hospital Admission During an Epidemic Peak in China

, , , , , & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 6781-6793 | Received 06 Sep 2023, Accepted 18 Oct 2023, Published online: 25 Oct 2023

References

  • Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727–733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
  • Lazarus JV, Romero D, Kopka CJ, et al. A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat. Nature. 2022;611(7935):332–345. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05398-2
  • Ginsburg AS, Klugman KP. COVID-19 pneumonia and the appropriate use of antibiotics. The Lancet Global Health. 2020;8(12):e1453–e1454. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30444-7
  • Musuuza JS, Watson L, Parmasad V, Putman-Buehler N, Christensen L, Safdar N. Prevalence and outcomes of co-infection and superinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0251170. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0251170
  • Sreenath K, Batra P, Vinayaraj EV, et al. Coinfections with Other Respiratory Pathogens among Patients with COVID-19. Microbiol Spectr. 2021;9(1):e0016321. doi:10.1128/Spectrum.00163-21
  • Zhu X, Ge Y, Wu T, et al. Co-infection with respiratory pathogens among COVID-2019 cases. Virus Res. 2020;285:198005. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198005
  • Wang Z, Yu M, Lin L. The emerging antimicrobial resistance crisis during the COVID-19 surge in China. Lancet Microbe. 2023;4(5):e290–e291. doi:10.1016/S2666-5247(23)00038-1
  • Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wu J, et al. Risks and features of secondary infections in severe and critical ill COVID-19 patients. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2020;9(1):1958–1964. doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1812437
  • Commission NH. Diagnosis and treatment plan for SARS-Cov2 infection (10th Edition). In: commission NH, ed. Available from: http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2023-01/06/content_5735343.htm2023. Accessed October 20, 2023.
  • Lex A, Gehlenborg N. Sets and intersections. Nat Methods. 2014;11(8):779. doi:10.1038/nmeth.3033
  • Binbin S, Yannan L, Yaohua T, Chen C, Xiaoying Z. Confronting COVID-19 and Prioritizing Aging Population. China CDC Weekly. 2023;5(10):229–233. doi:10.46234/ccdcw2023.042
  • Jue L, Fan D, Yu W, et al. Trends of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Sentinel Community-Based Surveillance After the Optimization of Prevention and Control Measures — china, December 2022–January 2023. China CDC Weekly. 2023;5(7):159–164. doi:10.46234/ccdcw2023.028
  • Kim E-H, Nguyen T-Q, Casel MAB, et al. Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus Increases Disease Severity and Impairs Neutralizing Antibody and CD4 T Cell Responses. J Virol. 2022;96(6):e0187321. doi:10.1128/jvi.01873-21
  • Wu HY, Chang PH, Chen KY, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated bacterial coinfection: incidence, diagnosis and treatment. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2022;55(6 Pt 1):985–992. doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2022.09.006
  • Guo L, Wei D, Zhang X, et al. Clinical Features Predicting Mortality Risk in Patients With Viral Pneumonia: the MuLBSTA Score. Front Microbiol. 2019;10:2752. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.02752
  • Moreno-Garcia E, Puerta-Alcalde P, Letona L, et al. Bacterial co-infection at hospital admission in patients with COVID-19. Int J Infect Dis. 2022;118:197–202. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.003
  • Parker A, Jackson N, Awasthi S, et al. Association of upper respiratory Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization with SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;76(7):1–9.
  • Carniel BF, Marcon F, Rylance J, et al. Pneumococcal colonization impairs mucosal immune responses to live attenuated influenza vaccine. JCI Insight. 2021;6:4.
  • Park JJ, Narayanan S, Tiefenbach J, et al. Estimating the global and regional burden of meningitis in children caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health. 2022;12:04014. doi:10.7189/jogh.12.04014
  • Hosoda T, Harada S, Okamoto K, et al. COVID-19 and Fatal Sepsis Caused by Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae, Japan, 2020. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(2):556–559. doi:10.3201/eid2702.204662
  • Root-Bernstein R, Huber J, Ziehl A, Pietrowicz M. SARS-CoV-2 and Its Bacterial Co- or Super-Infections Synergize to Trigger COVID-19 Autoimmune Cardiopathies. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(15):12177. doi:10.3390/ijms241512177
  • Root-Bernstein R. Possible Cross-Reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 Proteins, CRM197 and Proteins in Pneumococcal Vaccines May Protect Against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Disease and Death. Vaccines. 2020;8:4.
  • Nunes MC, Cutland CL, Klugman KP, Madhi SA. Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Protection against Coronavirus-Associated Pneumonia Hospitalization in Children Living with and without HIV. mBio. 2021;12:1. doi:10.1128/mBio.02347-20
  • Pawlowski C, Puranik A, Bandi H, Venkatakrishnan AJ, Soundararajan VJSR. Exploratory analysis of immunization records highlights decreased SARS-CoV-2 rates in individuals with recent non-COVID-19 vaccinations. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1–20. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-83641-y
  • Swets MC, Russell CD, Harrison EM, et al. SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus, or adenoviruses. The Lancet. 2022;399(10334):1463–1464. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00383-X
  • Li L, Wang H, Liu A, et al. Comparison of 11 respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shenzhen, China. Virol J. 2021;18(1):202. doi:10.1186/s12985-021-01669-y
  • Bai L, Zhao Y, Dong J, et al. Coinfection with influenza A virus enhances SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. Cell Res. 2021;31(4):395–403. doi:10.1038/s41422-021-00473-1
  • Dee K, Schultz V, Haney J, Bissett LA, Magill C, Murcia PR. Influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus trigger a cellular response that blocks severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 infection in the respiratory tract. J Infect Dis. 2022.
  • Martínez-Baz I, Trobajo-Sanmartín C, Arregui I, et al. Influenza Vaccination and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Cohort of Health Workers. Vaccines. 2020;8:4.
  • Fink G, Orlova-Fink N, Schindler T, et al. Inactivated trivalent influenza vaccination is associated with lower mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Brazil. BMJ Evid Based Med. 2020. doi:10.1136/bmjebm-2020-111549
  • Chotpitayasunondh T, Fischer TK, Heraud JM, et al. Influenza and COVID-19: what does co-existence mean? Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021;15(3):407–412. doi:10.1111/irv.12824
  • Yeoh YK, Zuo T, Lui GC, et al. Gut microbiota composition reflects disease severity and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with COVID-19. Gut. 2021;70(4):698–706. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323020
  • Ambade V. Biochemical rationale for hypoalbuminemia in COVID-19 patients. J Med Virol. 2021;93(3):1207–1209. doi:10.1002/jmv.26542
  • Ali AM, Kunugi H. Hypoproteinemia predicts disease severity and mortality in COVID-19: a call for action. Diagn Pathol. 2021;16(1):31. doi:10.1186/s13000-021-01092-5
  • Castro Dopico X, Ols S, Loré K, Karlsson Hedestam GB. Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 induced by infection or vaccination. J Intern Med. 2022;291(1):32–50. doi:10.1111/joim.13372
  • Lansbury L, Lim B, Baskaran V, Lim WS. Co-infections in people with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020;81(2):266–275. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.046
  • Fan BE, Lim KGE, Chong VCL, Chan SSW, Ong KH, Kuperan P. COVID-19 and mycoplasma pneumoniae coinfection. Am J Hematol. 2020;95(6):723–724. doi:10.1002/ajh.25785