Theaflavin-3,3’-Digallate Ameliorates Collagen-Induced Arthritis Through Regulation of Autophagy and Macrophage Polarization

References

• McInnes IB, Schett G. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(23):2205–2219. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1004965
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firestein GS. Evolving concepts of rheumatoid arthritis. Nature. 2003;423(6937):356–361. doi:10.1038/nature01661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Zhou H, Liu L. Side effects of methotrexate therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Eur J Med Chem. 2018;158:502–516. doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatzidionysiou K, Emamikia S, Nam J, et al. Efficacy of glucocorticoids, conventional and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic literature review informing the 2016 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(6):1102–1107. doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210711
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tardito S, Martinelli G, Soldano S, et al. Macrophage M1/M2 polarization and rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(11):102397. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funes SC, Rios M, Escobar-Vera J, Kalergis AM. Implications of macrophage polarization in autoimmunity. Immunology. 2018;154(2):186–195. doi:10.1111/imm.12910
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray PJ. Macrophage Polarization. Annu Rev Physiol. 2017;79:541–566. doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Italiani P, Boraschi D. From monocytes to M1/M2 macrophages: phenotypical vs. functional differentiation. Front Immunol. 2014;5:514. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00514
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantovani A, Sica A, Sozzani S, Allavena P, Vecchi A, Locati M. The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization. Trends Immunol. 2004;25(12):677–686. doi:10.1016/j.it.2004.09.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho VW, Sly LM. Derivation and characterization of murine alternatively activated (M2) macrophages. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;531:173–185. doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-396-7_12
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen MC, Hvidbjerg Gantzel R, Claria J, Trebicka J, Moller HJ, Gronbaek H. Macrophage activation markers, CD163 and CD206, in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Cells. 2020;9(5):1175. doi:10.3390/cells9051175
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orecchioni M, Ghosheh Y, Pramod AB, Ley K. Macrophage polarization: different gene signatures in M1(LPS+) vs. Classically and M2(LPS-) vs. alternatively activated macrophages. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1084. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wynn TA, Chawla A, Pollard JW. Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease. Nature. 2013;496(7446):445–455. doi:10.1038/nature12034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siouti E, Andreakos E. The many facets of macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2019;165:152–169. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bluml S, Redlich K, Smolen JS. Mechanisms of tissue damage in arthritis. Semin Immunopathol. 2014;36(5):531–540. doi:10.1007/s00281-014-0442-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wynn TA, Vannella KM. Macrophages in tissue repair, regeneration, and fibrosis. Immunity. 2016;44(3):450–462. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim H, Wang SY, Kwak G, Yang Y, Kwon IC, Kim SH. Exosome-guided phenotypic switch of M1 to M2 macrophages for cutaneous wound healing. Adv Sci. 2019;6(20):1900513. doi:10.1002/advs.201900513
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bouhlel MA, Derudas B, Rigamonti E, et al. PPARgamma activation primes human monocytes into alternative M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory properties. Cell Metab. 2007;6(2):137–143. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.06.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Benedetto P, Ruscitti P, Vadasz Z, Toubi E, Giacomelli R. Macrophages with regulatory functions, a possible new therapeutic perspective in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(10):102369. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102369
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang X, Chang Y, Wei W. Emerging role of targeting macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis: focus on polarization, metabolism and apoptosis. Cell Prolif. 2020;53(7):e12854. doi:10.1111/cpr.12854
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peng M, Qiang L, Xu Y, Li C, Li T, Wang J. IL-35 ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis by promoting TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts and stimulating M2 macrophages polarization. FEBS J. 2019;286(10):1972–1985. doi:10.1111/febs.14801
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang Y, Guo L, Wang Z, et al. Targeted silver nanoparticles for rheumatoid arthritis therapy via macrophage apoptosis and Re-polarization. Biomaterials. 2021;264:120390. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin JK. Cancer chemoprevention by tea polyphenols through modulating signal transduction pathways. Arch Pharm Res. 2002;25(5):561–571. doi:10.1007/BF02976924
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Rao LJ. A thought on the biological activities of black tea. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2009;49(5):379–404. doi:10.1080/10408390802068066
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu Y, Jin F, Wang Y, et al. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of theaflavin-3,3’-digallate on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017;794:52–60. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu X, Ping Z, Gan M, et al. Theaflavin-3,3’-digallate represses osteoclastogenesis and prevents wear debris-induced osteolysis via suppression of ERK pathway. Acta Biomater. 2017;48:479–488. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu W, Li J. Theaflavin-3, 3’-digallate attenuates rheumatoid inflammation in mice through the nuclear factor-kappaB and MAPK pathways. Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 2019;67(3):153–160. doi:10.1007/s00005-019-00536-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Panche AN, Diwan AD, Chandra SR. Flavonoids: an overview. J Nutr Sci. 2016;5:e47. doi:10.1017/jns.2016.41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaushal N, Singh M, Singh Sangwan R. Flavonoids: food associations, therapeutic mechanisms, metabolism and nanoformulations. Food Res Int. 2022;157:111442. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111442
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Telang M, Dhulap S, Mandhare A, Hirwani R. Therapeutic and cosmetic applications of mangiferin: a patent review. Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2013;23(12):1561–1580. doi:10.1517/13543776.2013.836182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adnan M, Rasul A, Hussain G, et al. Ginkgetin: a natural biflavone with versatile pharmacological activities. Food Chem Toxicol. 2020;145:111642. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei SY, Chen Y, Xu XY. Progress on the pharmacological research of puerarin: a review. Chin J Nat Med. 2014;12(6):407–414. doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60064-9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim KH, Lee MS. Autophagy–a key player in cellular and body metabolism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10(6):322–337. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mizushima N, Komatsu M. Autophagy: renovation of cells and tissues. Cell. 2011;147(4):728–741. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu T, Wang L, Liang P, et al. USP19 suppresses inflammation and promotes M2-like macrophage polarization by manipulating NLRP3 function via autophagy. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021;18(10):2431–2442. doi:10.1038/s41423-020-00567-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du S, Li C, Lu Y, et al. Dioscin alleviates crystalline silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis through promoting alveolar macrophage autophagy. Theranostics. 2019;9(7):1878–1892. doi:10.7150/thno.29682
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu K, Zhao E, Ilyas G, et al. Impaired macrophage autophagy increases the immune response in obese mice by promoting proinflammatory macrophage polarization. Autophagy. 2015;11(2):271–284. doi:10.1080/15548627.2015.1009787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand DD, Latham KA, Rosloniec EF. Collagen-induced arthritis. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(5):1269–1275. doi:10.1038/nprot.2007.173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trott O, Olson AJ. AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. J Comput Chem. 2010;31(2):455–461. doi:10.1002/jcc.21334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheung TT, McInnes IB. Future therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis? Semin Immunopathol. 2017;39(4):487–500. doi:10.1007/s00281-017-0623-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello R, David T, Jani M. Impact of adverse events associated with medications in the treatment and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Ther. 2019;41(7):1376–1396. doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.04.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauhan S, Dunlap K, Duffy LK. Effects of methylmercury and theaflavin digallate on adipokines in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(11):2755. doi:10.3390/ijms20112755
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ukil A, Maity S, Das PK. Protection from experimental colitis by theaflavin-3,3’-digallate correlates with inhibition of IKK and NF-kappaB activation. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;149(1):121–131. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706847
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin YL, Tsai SH, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JK. Theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea blocks the nitric oxide synthase by down-regulating the activation of NF-kappaB in macrophages. Eur J Pharmacol. 1999;367(2–3):379–388. doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00953-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan MH, Lin-Shiau SY, Ho CT, Lin JH, Lin JK. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activity by theaflavin-3,3’-digallate from black tea and other polyphenols through down-regulation of IkappaB kinase activity in macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol. 2000;59(4):357–367. doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00335-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinarello CA. The IL-1 family of cytokines and receptors in rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(10):612–632. doi:10.1038/s41584-019-0277-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hosokawa Y, Hosokawa I, Ozaki K, Nakanishi T, Nakae H, Matsuo T. Tea polyphenols inhibit IL-6 production in tumor necrosis factor superfamily 14-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010;54(Suppl 2):S151–S158. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200900549
   Google Scholar
• Zhu M, Yu B, Bai J, et al. Cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist prevents local and systemic inflammatory bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Miner Res. 2019;34(4):739–751. doi:10.1002/jbmr.3637
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Udalova IA, Mantovani A, Feldmann M. Macrophage heterogeneity in the context of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2016;12(8):472–485. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2016.91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hess A, Axmann R, Rech J, et al. Blockade of TNF-alpha rapidly inhibits pain responses in the central nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(9):3731–3736. doi:10.1073/pnas.1011774108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McInnes IB, Schett G. Cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2007;7(6):429–442. doi:10.1038/nri2094
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alivernini S, MacDonald L, Elmesmari A, et al. Distinct synovial tissue macrophage subsets regulate inflammation and remission in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Med. 2020;26(8):1295–1306. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0939-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hristodorov D, Mladenov R, Fischer R, Barth S, Thepen T. Fully human MAP-fusion protein selectively targets and eliminates proliferating CD64(+) M1 macrophages. Immunol Cell Biol. 2016;94(5):470–478. doi:10.1038/icb.2016.4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin TH, Kim HS, Kang TW, et al. Human umbilical cord blood-stem cells direct macrophage polarization and block inflammasome activation to alleviate rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Death Dis. 2016;7(12):e2524. doi:10.1038/cddis.2016.442
   Google Scholar
• Parzych KR, Klionsky DJ. An overview of autophagy: morphology, mechanism, and regulation. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2014;20(3):460–473. doi:10.1089/ars.2013.5371
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar