A Novel Prognostic Marker and Therapeutic Target Associated with Glioma Progression in a Tumor Immune Microenvironment

References

• Wesseling P, Capper D. WHO 2016 classification of gliomas. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2018;44(2):139–150. doi:10.1111/nan.12432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weller M, Wick W, Aldape K, et al. Glioma. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1(1):15017. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu S, Zhao Q, Shi W, et al. Advances in radiotherapy and comprehensive treatment of high-grade glioma: immunotherapy and tumor-treating fields. J Cancer. 2021;12(4):1094–1104. doi:10.7150/jca.51107
   Google Scholar
• Delgado-López PD, Corrales-García EM, Martino J, Lastra-Aras E, Dueñas-Polo MT. Diffuse low-grade glioma: a review on the new molecular classification, natural history and current management strategies. Clin Transl Oncol. 2017;19(8):931–944. doi:10.1007/s12094-017-1631-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mair MJ, Geurts M, van den Bent MJ, Berghoff AS. A basic review on systemic treatment options in WHO grade II-III gliomas. Cancer Treat Rev. 2021;92:102124. doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang T, Nam DH, Ram Z, et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of adult diffuse gliomas. Cancer Lett. 2021;499:60–72. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakola AS, Skjulsvik AJ, Myrmel KS, et al. Surgical resection versus watchful waiting in low-grade gliomas. Ann Oncol. 2017;28:1942–1948. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx230
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerritsen JKW, Vincent A, De Vleeschouwer S. Maximizing extent of resection while minimizing the risk of neurological morbidity in glioma patients: a novel grading scale to translate these surgical goals into a merged onco-functional clinical outcome. Neuro Oncol. 2021;23:504–505. doi:10.1093/neuonc/noaa288
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hegde PS, Chen DS. Top 10 challenges in cancer immunotherapy. Immunity. 2020;52:17–35. doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu S, Tang L, Li X, Fan F, Liu Z. Immunotherapy for glioma: current management and future application. Cancer Lett. 2020;476:1–12. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim M, Xia Y, Bettegowda C, Weller M. Current state of immunotherapy for glioblastoma. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15:422–442. doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0003-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbee MS, Ogunniyi A, Horvat TZ, Dang TO. Current status and future directions of the immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab in oncology. Ann Pharmacother. 2015;49:907–937. doi:10.1177/1060028015586218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almutairi AR, McBride A, Slack M, Erstad BL, Abraham I. Potential immune-related adverse events associated with monotherapy and combination therapy of ipilimumab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab for advanced melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol. 2020;10:91. doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.00091
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Guo G, Guan H, Yu Y, Lu J, Yu J. Challenges and potential of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade immunotherapy for glioblastoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38:87. doi:10.1186/s13046-019-1085-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khasraw M, Reardon DA, Weller M, Sampson JH. PD-1 inhibitors: do they have a future in the treatment of glioblastoma? Clin Cancer Res. 2020;26:5287–5296. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cloughesy TF, Mochizuki AY, Orpilla JR, et al. Neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 immunotherapy promotes a survival benefit with intratumoral and systemic immune responses in recurrent glioblastoma. Nat Med. 2019;25:477–486. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0337-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schalper KA, Rodriguez-Ruiz ME, Diez-Valle R, et al. Neoadjuvant nivolumab modifies the tumor immune microenvironment in resectable glioblastoma. Nat Med. 2019;25:470–476. doi:10.1038/s41591-018-0339-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng S, Li Y, Yi G, et al. Overexpression of COX7A2 is associated with a good prognosis in patients with glioma. J Neurooncol. 2018;136:41–50. doi:10.1007/s11060-017-2637-z
   Google Scholar
• Jiang Y, Zhou J, Zhao J, et al. The U2AF2 /circRNA ARF1/miR-342-3p/ISL2 feedback loop regulates angiogenesis in glioma stem cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2020;39:182. doi:10.1186/s13046-020-01691-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang W, Lu Z, Wang M, et al. The cuproptosis-related signature associated with the tumor environment and prognosis of patients with glioma. Front Immunol. 2022;13:998236. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.998236
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oba-Shinjo SM, Bengtson MH, Winnischofer SM, et al. Identification of novel differentially expressed genes in human astrocytomas by cDNA representational difference analysis. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2005;140:25–33. doi:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2005.06.015
   Google Scholar
• Yan T, Tian D, Chen J, et al. FCGBP is a prognostic biomarker and associated with immune infiltration in glioma. Front Oncol. 2022;11:769033. doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.769033
   Google Scholar
• Ye L, Wang L, Yang J, et al. Identification of tumor antigens and immune subtypes in lower grade gliomas for mRNA vaccine development. J Transl Med. 2021;19:352. doi:10.1186/s12967-021-03014-x
   Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Qian T, You G, et al. Localizing seizure-susceptible brain regions associated with low-grade gliomas using voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping. Neuro Oncol. 2015;17:282–288. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nou130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu X, Li Y, Qian Z, et al. A radiomic signature as a non-invasive predictor of progression-free survival in patients with lower-grade gliomas. Neuroimage Clin. 2018;20:1070–1077. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.10.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bao ZS, Chen HM, Yang MY, et al. RNA-seq of 272 gliomas revealed a novel, recurrent PTPRZ1-MET fusion transcript in secondary glioblastomas. Genome Res. 2014;24:1765–1773. doi:10.1101/gr.165126.113
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Z, Meng F, Wang W, Wang Z, Zhang CJiang T. Comprehensive RNA-seq transcriptomic profiling in the malignant progression of gliomas. Sci Data. 2017;4:170024. doi:10.1038/sdata.2017.24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao Z, Zhang KN, Wang Q, et al. Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA): a comprehensive resource with functional genomic data from Chinese glioma patients. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics. 2021. doi:10.1016/j.gpb.2020.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang Z, Li C, Kang B, Gao G, Li C, Zhang Z. GEPIA: a web server for cancer and normal gene expression profiling and interactive analyses. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017;45:W98–w102. doi:10.1093/nar/gkx247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clough E, Barrett T. The gene expression omnibus database. Methods Mol Biol. 2016;1418:93–110. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3578-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vasaikar SV, Straub P, Wang J, Zhang B. LinkedOmics: analyzing multi-omics data within and across 32 cancer types. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:D956–d963. doi:10.1093/nar/gkx1090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li T, Fan J, Wang B, et al. TIMER: a web server for comprehensive analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Cancer Res. 2017;77:e108–e110. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi K, Blaser MJ, Brown WR. Identification of a unique IgG Fc binding site in human intestinal epithelium. J Immunol. 1989;143:2567–2574.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harada N, Iijima S, Kobayashi K, et al. Human IgGFc binding protein (FcgammaBP) in colonic epithelial cells exhibits mucin-like structure. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:15232–15241. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.24.15232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi K, Ogata H, Morikawa M, et al. Distribution and partial characterisation of IgG Fc binding protein in various mucin producing cells and body fluids. Gut. 2002;51:169–176. doi:10.1136/gut.51.2.169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert TK, Laubinger W, Müller S, et al. Human intestinal TFF3 forms disulfide-linked heteromers with the mucus-associated FCGBP protein and is released by hydrogen sulfide. J Proteome Res. 2010;9:3108–3117. doi:10.1021/pr100020c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim M, Lee S, Yang SK, Song K, Lee I. Differential expression in histologically normal crypts of ulcerative colitis suggests primary crypt disorder. Oncol Rep. 2006;16:663–670.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi K, Yagasaki M, Harada N, et al. Detection of Fcgamma binding protein antigen in human sera and its relation with autoimmune diseases. Immunol Lett. 2001;79:229–235. doi:10.1016/s0165-2478
   Google Scholar
• Lee S, Bang S, Song K, Lee I. Differential expression in normal-adenoma-carcinoma sequence suggests complex molecular carcinogenesis in colon. Oncol Rep. 2006;16:747–754.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qi C, Hong L, Cheng Z, Yin Q. Identification of metastasis-associated genes in colorectal cancer using metaDE and survival analysis. Oncol Lett. 2016;11:568–574. doi:10.3892/ol.2015.3956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang Q, Shen A, Liu L, et al. Prognostic and immunological roles of Fc fragment of IgG binding protein in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett. 2021;22:526. doi:10.3892/ol.2021.12787
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan Z, Zhao Z, Hu H, et al. IgG Fc Binding Protein (FCGBP) is down-regulated in metastatic lesions and predicts survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Onco Targets Ther. 2021;14:967–977. doi:10.2147/ott.s285171
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omar OM, Soutto M, Bhat NS, et al. TFF1 antagonizes TIMP-1 mediated proliferative functions in gastric cancer. Mol Carcinog. 2018;57:1577–1587. doi:10.1002/mc.22880
   Google Scholar
• Soutto M, Peng D, Katsha A, et al. Activation of β-catenin signalling by TFF1 loss promotes cell proliferation and gastric tumorigenesis. Gut. 2015;64:1028–1039. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307191
   Google Scholar
• Znalesniak EB, Salm F, Hoffmann W. Molecular alterations in the stomach of Tff1-deficient mice: early steps in antral carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21. doi:10.3390/ijms21020644
   Google Scholar
• Rajkumar T, Vijayalakshmi N, Gopal G, et al. Identification and validation of genes involved in gastric tumorigenesis. Cancer Cell Int. 2010;10:45. doi:10.1186/1475-2867-10-45
   Google Scholar
• Xiong L, Wen Y, Miao X, Yang Z. NT5E and FcGBP as key regulators of TGF-1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are associated with tumor progression and survival of patients with gallbladder cancer. Cell Tissue Res. 2014;355:365–374. doi:10.1007/s00441-013-1752-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gazi MH, He M, Cheville JC, Young CY. Downregulation of IgG Fc binding protein (Fc gammaBP) in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther. 2008;7:70–75. doi:10.4161/cbt.7.1.5131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang K, Guan C, Shang X, et al. A bioinformatic analysis: the overexpression and clinical significance of FCGBP in ovarian cancer. Aging. 2021;13:7416–7429. doi:10.18632/aging.202601
   Google Scholar
• Anguille S, Smits EL, Lion E, van Tendeloo VF, Berneman ZN. Clinical use of dendritic cells for cancer therapy. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e257–e267. doi:10.1016/s1470-2045
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang B, Li X, Li Y, Zhang J, Zong Z, Zhang H. Current immunotherapies for glioblastoma multiforme. Front Immunol. 2020;11:603911. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.603911
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg AD, Vandenberk L, Koks C, et al. Dendritic cell vaccines based on immunogenic cell death elicit danger signals and T cell-driven rejection of high-grade glioma. Sci Transl Med. 2016;8:328ra27. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aae0105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saka M, Amano T, Kajiwara K, et al. Vaccine therapy with dendritic cells transfected with Il13ra2 mRNA for glioma in mice. J Neurosurg. 2010;113:270–279. doi:10.3171/2009.9.jns09708
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kikuchi T, Akasaki Y, Abe T, et al. Vaccination of glioma patients with fusions of dendritic and glioma cells and recombinant human interleukin 12. J Immunother. 2004;27:452–459. doi:10.1097/00002371-200411000-00005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell DA, Batich KA, Gunn MD, et al. Tetanus toxoid and CCL3 improve dendritic cell vaccines in mice and glioblastoma patients. Nature. 2015;519:366–369. doi:10.1038/nature14320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kobayashi T, Yamanaka R, Homma J, et al. Tumor mRNA-loaded dendritic cells elicit tumor-specific CD8 (+) cytotoxic T cells in patients with malignant glioma. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2003;52:632–637. doi:10.1007/s00262-003-0408-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu JH, Li G. Dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for malignant glioma. Neurosci Bull. 2008;24:39–44. doi:10.1007/s12264-008-1107-1
   Google Scholar
• Mosaheb MM, Dobrikova EY, Brown MC, Yang Y. Genetically stable poliovirus vectors activate dendritic cells and prime antitumor CD8 T cell immunity. Nat Commun. 2020;11:524. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13939-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dastmalchi F, Karachi A, Yang C, et al. Sarcosine promotes trafficking of dendritic cells and improves efficacy of anti-tumor dendritic cell vaccines via CXC chemokine family signaling. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7:321. doi:10.1186/s40425-019-0809-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banissi C, Ghiringhelli F, Chen L, Carpentier AF. Treg depletion with a low-dose metronomic temozolomide regimen in a rat glioma model. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2009;58:1627–1634. doi:10.1007/s00262-009-0671-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Humphries W, Wei J, Sampson JH, Heimberger AB. The role of tregs in glioma-mediated immunosuppression: potential target for intervention. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2010;21:125–137. doi:10.1016/j.nec.2009.08.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heimberger AB, Abou-Ghazal M, Reina-Ortiz C, et al. Incidence and prognostic impact of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in human gliomas. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:5166–5172. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandenberk L. Van Gool S W. Treg infiltration in glioma: a hurdle for antiglioma immunotherapy. Immunotherapy. 2012;4:675–678. doi:10.2217/imt.12.64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitsuiki N, Schwab C, Grimbacher B. What did we learn from CTLA-4 insufficiency on the human immune system? Immunol Rev. 2019;287:33–49. doi:10.1111/imr.12721
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha D, Martuza RL, Rabkin SD. Macrophage polarization contributes to glioblastoma eradication by combination immunovirotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade. Cancer Cell. 2017;32:253–267.e5. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2017.07.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wainwright DA, Chang AL, Dey M, et al. Durable therapeutic efficacy utilizing combinatorial blockade against IDO, CTLA-4, and PD-L1 in mice with brain tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20:5290–5301. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0514
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai L, Ladomersky E, Lenzen A, et al. IDO1 in cancer: a Gemini of immune checkpoints. Cell Mol Immunol. 2018;15:447–457. doi:10.1038/cmi.2017.143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Y, Yu G, Chu H, et al. Macrophage-associated PGK1 phosphorylation promotes aerobic glycolysis and tumorigenesis. Mol Cell. 2018;71:201–215.e7. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2018.06.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hambardzumyan D, Gutmann DH, Kettenmann H. The role of microglia and macrophages in glioma maintenance and progression. Nat Neurosci. 2016;19:20–27. doi:10.1038/nn.4185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wei J, Marisetty A, Schrand B, et al. Osteopontin mediates glioblastoma-associated macrophage infiltration and is a potential therapeutic target. J Clin Invest. 2019;129:137–149. doi:10.1172/jci121266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quail DF, Joyce JA. The Microenvironmental Landscape of Brain Tumors. Cancer Cell. 2017;31:326–341. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2017.02.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen P, Zhao D, Li J, et al. Symbiotic macrophage-glioma cell interactions reveal synthetic lethality in PTEN-null glioma. Cancer Cell. 2019;35:868–884.e6. doi:10.1016/j.ccell.2019.05.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Boeck A, Ahn BY, D’Mello C, et al. Glioma-derived IL-33 orchestrates an inflammatory brain tumor microenvironment that accelerates glioma progression. Nat Commun. 2020;11:4997. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18569-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komohara Y, Ohnishi K, Kuratsu J, Takeya M. Possible involvement of the M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in growth of human gliomas. J Pathol. 2008;216:15–24. doi:10.1002/path.2370
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeiner PS, Preusse C, Golebiewska A, et al. Distribution and prognostic impact of microglia/macrophage subpopulations in gliomas. Brain Pathol. 2019;29:513–529. doi:10.1111/bpa.12690
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar