Association Between Salivary Cytokines, Chemokines and Growth Factors and Salivary Gland Function in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

References

• Kovesdy CP. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022. Kidney Int Suppl. 2022;12(1):7–11. doi:10.1016/j.kisu.2021.11.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-Novoa JM, Martínez-Salgado C, Rodríguez-Peña AB, Hernández FJL. Common pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic kidney disease: therapeutic perspectives. Pharmacol Ther. 2010. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2010.05.006
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harada R, Hamasaki Y, Okuda Y, Hamada R, Ishikura K. Epidemiology of pediatric chronic kidney disease/kidney failure: learning from registries and cohort studies. Pediatr Nephrol. 2022;37(6):1215–1229. doi:10.1007/s00467-021-05145-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Masalskienė J, Rudaitis Š, Vitkevič R, Čerkauskienė R, Dobilienė D, Jankauskienė A. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in children: a report from Lithuania. Medicina. 2021;57:2. doi:10.3390/medicina57020112
   Google Scholar
• Oyetola EO, Owotade FJ, Agbelusi GA, Fatusi OA, Sanusi AA. Oral findings in chronic kidney disease: implications for management in developing countries. BMC Oral Health. 2015;15(1):24. doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0004-z
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Anuradha B, Katta S, Kode V, et al. Oral and salivary changes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a clinical and biochemical study. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2015. doi:10.4103/0972-124x.154178
   Google Scholar
• Velan E, Sheller B. Oral health in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol. 2021;36(10):3067–3075. doi:10.1007/s00467-020-04913-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deschamps-Lenhardt S, Martin-Cabezas R, Hannedouche T, Huck O. Association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis. 2019;25(2):385–402. doi:10.1111/odi.12834
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maciejczyk M, Szulimowska J, Taranta-Janusz K, Wasilewska A, Zalewska A. Salivary gland dysfunction, protein glycooxidation and nitrosative stress in children with chronic kidney disease. J Clin Med. 2020;9:5. doi:10.3390/jcm9051285
   Google Scholar
• Roblegg E, Coughran A, Sirjani D. Saliva: an all-rounder of our body. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2019;142:133–141. doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.06.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pedersen AML, Sørensen CE, Proctor GB, Carpenter GH, Ekström J. Salivary secretion in health and disease. J Oral Rehabil. 2018. doi:10.1111/joor.12664
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dhande IS, Braun MC, Doris PA. Emerging insights into chronic renal disease pathogenesis in hypertension from human and animal genomic studies. Hypertension. 2021;78(6):1689–1700. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18112
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tomino Y. Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic kidney disease: a review of our recent basic and clinical data. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2014. doi:10.1159/000368458
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stenvinkel P, Chertow GM, Devarajan P, et al. Chronic inflammation in chronic kidney disease progression: role of Nrf2. Kidney Int Rep. 2021;6(7):1775–1787. doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2021.04.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mihai S, Codrici E, Popescu ID, et al. Inflammation-related mechanisms in chronic kidney disease prediction, progression, and outcome. J Immunol Res. 2018;2018:2180373. doi:10.1155/2018/2180373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akchurin OM, Kaskel F. Update on Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease. Blood Purif. 2015;39(1–3):84–92. doi:10.1159/000368940
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maciejczyk M, Szulimowska J, Skutnik A, et al. Salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress in children with chronic kidney disease. J Clin Med. 2018;7:8. doi:10.3390/jcm7080209
   Google Scholar
• Andrade-Oliveira V, Foresto-Neto O, Watanabe IKM, Zatz R, Câmara NOS. Inflammation in renal diseases: new and old players. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:1. doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.01192
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nonaka T, Wong DTW. Saliva Diagnostics. Annu Rev Anal Chem. 2022;15(1):107–121. doi:10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-123959
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alam BF, Nayab T, Ali S, et al. Current scientific research trends on salivary biomarkers: a bibliometric analysis. Diagnostics. 2022;12:5. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12051171
   Google Scholar
• Maciejczyk M, Nesterowicz M, Szulimowska J, Zalewska A. Oxidation, glycation, and carbamylation of salivary biomolecules in healthy children, adults, and the elderly: can saliva be used in the assessment of aging? J Inflamm Res. 2022;15:2051–2073. doi:10.2147/JIR.S356029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celec P, Tóthová Ľ, Šebeková K, Podracká Ľ, Boor P. Salivary markers of kidney function - Potentials and limitations. Clin Chim Acta. 2016. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2015.11.028
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Willis K, Cheung M, Slifer S. KDIGO 2012 clinical practice guideline for evaluation & management of CKD. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013. doi:10.1038/kisup.2012.76
   Google Scholar
• Schwartz GJ, Muñoz A, Schneider MF, Mak RH, Kaskel F, Warady BAFS. New equations to estimate GFR in children with CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:629–637. doi:10.1681/ASN.2008030287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(2 Suppl 1):S1–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toczewska J, Zalewska A, Konopka T, Maciejczyk M. Enzymatic antioxidants activity in gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in advanced periodontitis. Oral Dis. 2022;2022:5. doi:10.1111/odi.14287
   Google Scholar
• Saleh J, Figueiredo MAZ, Cherubini K, Salum FG. Salivary hypofunction: an update on aetiology, diagnosis and therapeutics. Arch Oral Biol. 2015;60(2):242–255. doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.10.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker JM. The bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assay for protein quantitation. In: Basic Protein and Peptide Protocols. Vol. 32. New Jersey: Humana Press; 1994:5–8.
   Google Scholar
• Bendelow VM. Modified procedure for the determination of diastatic activity and α-amylase activity. J Inst Brew. 1963;69(6):467–472. doi:10.1002/j.2050-0416.1963.tb01954.x
   Google Scholar
• Kang J-H, Kho H-S. Blood contamination in salivary diagnostics: current methods and their limitations. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2019;57(8):1115–1124. doi:10.1515/cclm-2018-0739
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• World Health Organization. Oral Health Surveys: Basic Methods - World Health Organization. World Health Organization; 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Mühlemann HR, Son S. Gingival sulcus bleeding--a leading symptom in initial gingivitis. Helv Odontol Acta. 1971;15(2):107–113.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Silness J, Löe H. Periodontal disease in pregnancy II. Correlation between oral hygiene and periodontal condition. Acta Odontol Scand. 1964;22(1):121–135. doi:10.3109/00016356408993968
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lange DE, Plagmann HC, Eenboom A, Promesberger A. Klinische Bewertungsverahren zur Objektivierung der Mundhygiene [Clinical methods for the objective evaluation of oral hygiene]. Dtsch Zahnarztl Z. 1977;32(1):44–47. German.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Binnicker MJ, Jespersen DJ, Rollins LO. Evaluation of the bio-rad bioplex measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella-zoster virus IgG multiplex bead immunoassay. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011;18(9):1524–1526. doi:10.1128/CVI.05207-11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas-Fernandes LB, Fidalgo TKS, de Almeida PA, Souza IPR, Valente AP. Salivary metabolome of children and adolescents under peritoneal dialysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;2020:47.
   Google Scholar
• Tadakamadla J, Kumar S, Mamatha GP. Comparative evaluation of oral health status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in various stages and healthy controls. Spec Care Dent. 2014;34(3):122–126. doi:10.1111/scd.12040
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klimiuk A, Zalewska A, Knapp M, Skutnik-Radziszewska A, Maciejczyk M. Could inflammation contribute to salivary gland dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure? Front Immunol. 2022;2022:1. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005981
   Google Scholar
• Morawska K, Maciejczyk M, Zięba S, et al. Cytokine/chemokine/growth factor profiles contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of the salivary gland dysfunction in euthyroid hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients. Mediators Inflamm. 2021;2021:3192409. doi:10.1155/2021/3192409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skutnik-Radziszewska A, Maciejczyk M, Flisiak I, et al. Enhanced inflammation and nitrosative stress in the saliva and plasma of patients with plaque psoriasis. J Clin Med. 2020;2020:67. doi:10.3390/jcm9030745
   Google Scholar
• Belstrøm D, Eiberg JM, Enevold C, et al. Salivary microbiota and inflammation‐related proteins in patients with psoriasis. Oral Dis. 2020;26(3):677–687. doi:10.1111/odi.13277
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roescher N, Tak PP, Illei GG. Cytokines in sjögren’s syndrome. Oral Dis. 2009;15(8):519–526. doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01582.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakai A, Sugawara Y, Kuroishi T, Sasano T, Sugawara S. Identification of IL-18 and Th17 cells in salivary glands of patients with sjögren’s syndrome, and amplification of IL-17-mediated secretion of inflammatory cytokines from salivary gland cells by IL-18. J Immunol. 2008;181(4):2898–2906. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.4.2898
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laheij A, Rooijers W, Bidar L, et al. Oral health in patients with end-stage renal disease: a scoping review. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022;8(1):54–67. doi:10.1002/cre2.479
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pfaffe T, Cooper-White J, Beyerlein P, Kostner K, Punyadeera C. Diagnostic potential of saliva: current state and future applications. Clin Chem. 2011;2011:79. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2010.153767
   Google Scholar
• Maciejczyk M, Mil KM, Gerreth P, Hojan K, Zalewska A, Gerreth K. Salivary cytokine profile in patients with ischemic stroke. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):17185. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-96739-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diesch T, Filippi C, Fritschi N, Filippi A, Ritz N. Cytokines in saliva as biomarkers of oral and systemic oncological or infectious diseases: a systematic review. Cytokine. 2021;143:155506. doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155506
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker OJ, Camden JM, Redman RS, et al. Proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ alter tight junction structure and function in the rat parotid gland Par-C10 cell line. Am J Physiol Physiol. 2008;295(5):C1191–C1201. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00144.2008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Benchabane S, Boudjelida A, Toumi R, Belguendouz H, Youinou P, Touil-Boukoffa C. A case for IL-6, IL-17A, and nitric oxide in the pathophysiology of Sjögren’s syndrome. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2016;29(3):386–397. doi:10.1177/0394632016651273
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moriyama M, Hayashida J-N, Toyoshima T, et al. Cytokine/chemokine profiles contribute to understanding the pathogenesis and diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome. Clin Exp Immunol. 2012;169(1):17–26. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04587.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Favalli EG. Understanding the Role of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the joint and beyond: a comprehensive review of IL-6 inhibition for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Ther. 2020;7(3):473–516. doi:10.1007/s40744-020-00219-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGeachy MJ, Bak-Jensen KS, Chen Y, et al. TGF-β and IL-6 drive the production of IL-17 and IL-10 by T cells and restrain TH-17 cell–mediated pathology. Nat Immunol. 2007;8(12):1390–1397. doi:10.1038/ni1539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tzioufas AG, Tsonis J, Moutsopoulos HM. Neuroendocrine dysfunction in Sjögren’s syndrome. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2008;15(1):37–45. doi:10.1159/000135622
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pflugfelder SC, De Paiva CS, Moore QL, et al. Aqueous tear deficiency increases conjunctival interferon-γ (IFN-γ) expression and goblet cell loss. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2015;56(12):7545–7550. doi:10.1167/iovs.15-17627
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trzcionka A, Twardawa H, Mocny-Pachońska K, Korkosz R, Tanasiewicz M. Oral mucosa status and saliva parameters of multimorbid adult patients diagnosed with end-stage chronic kidney disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:23. doi:10.3390/ijerph182312515
   Google Scholar
• Nakayama T, Hirahara K, Onodera A, et al. Th2 cells in health and disease. Annu Rev Immunol. 2017;35(1):53–84. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052350
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li Z, Zhang Y, Sun B. Current understanding of Th2 cell differentiation and function. Protein Cell. 2011;2(8):604–611. doi:10.1007/s13238-011-1083-5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhavsar I, Miller CS, Al-Sabbagh M. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha)/CCL3: as a biomarker. In: Preedy VR, Patel VB, editors. General Methods in Biomarker Research and Their Applications. Dordrecht: Netherlands: Springer; 2015:223–249.
   Google Scholar
• Harambat J, Van Stralen KJ, Kim JJ, Tizard EJ. Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012;27(3):363–373. doi:10.1007/s00467-011-1939-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirna M, Topf A, Wernly B, et al. Novel biomarkers in patients with chronic kidney disease: an analysis of patients enrolled in the GCKD-study. J Clin Med. 2020;9:3. doi:10.3390/jcm9030886
   Google Scholar
• Maciejczyk M, Żukowski P, Zalewska A. Salivary biomarkers in kidney diseases. In: Tvarijonaviciute A, Martínez-Subiela S, López-Jornet P, Lamy E, editors. Saliva in Health and Disease. Springer International Publishing: Cham; 2020:193–219.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Aly Z, Bowe B. Biomarkers of CKD in children. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020;31(5):894–896. doi:10.1681/ASN.2020020212
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schober P, Vetter TR. Linear regression in medical research. Anesth Analg. 2021;132(1):1.
   Google Scholar
• Hassaneen M, Maron JL. Salivary diagnostics in pediatrics: applicability, translatability, and limitations. Front Public Heal. 2017;5:45. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00083
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carpenter GH. The secretion, components, and properties of saliva. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol. 2013;2013:34. doi:10.1146/annurev-food-030212-182700
   Google Scholar