Spectrum of and Factors Associated with Eye Disorders among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Attending Tertiary Hospital in Uganda

References

• Dowman B, Campbell RM, Zgaga L, Adeloye D, Chan KY. Estimating the burden of rheumatoid arthritis in Africa: a systematic analysis. J Glob Health. 2012;2(2):020406. doi:10.7189/jogh.02.020406
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kvien TK. Epidemiology and burden of illness of rheumatoid arthritis. Pharmacoeconomics. 2004;22(2 Suppl 1):1–12. doi:10.2165/00019053-200422001-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oton T, Carmona L. The epidemiology of established rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2019;33(5):101477. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2019.101477
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mody GM. Rheumatology in Africa-challenges and opportunities. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017;19(1):49. doi:10.1186/s13075-017-1259-3
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gouda HN, Charlson F, Sorsdahl K, et al. Burden of non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Glob Health. 2019;7(10):e1375–e87. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30374-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akintayo RO, Adelowo OO, Egajifo O, et al. The impact of ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis on the health-related quality of life and the functional ability of black Africans. Int Ophthalmol. 2019;39(5):1003–1012. doi:10.1007/s10792-018-0902-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conforti A, Di Cola I, Pavlych V, et al. Beyond the joints, the extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis. Autoimmun Rev. 2021;20(2):102735. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ausayakhon S, Louthrenoo W, Aupapong S. Ocular diseases in patients with rheumatic diseases. Med Assoc Thai. 2002;85:855–862.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eldaly ZH, Saad SA, Hammam N. Ocular surface involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: relation with disease activity and duration. Egypt Rheumatol. 2020;42(1):5–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejr.2019.05.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sims J. Scleritis: presentations, disease associations and management. Postgrad Med J. 2012;88(1046):713–718. doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2011-130282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mertzanis P, Abetz L, Rajagopalan K, et al. The relative burden of dry eye in patients’ lives: comparisons to a US normative sample. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46(1):46–50. doi:10.1167/iovs.03-0915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaubitz M. Epidemiology of connective tissue disorders. Rheumatology. 2006;45(Suppl 3):iii3–4. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kel282
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domngang Noche C, Kagmeni G, Dohvoma V, Bella AL, Ebana Mvogo C, Singwe-Ngandeu M. Ophthalmic manifestations in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases at a referral Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2018;26(2):259–264. doi:10.1080/09273948.2016.1212078
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland P, Resnikoff S. Beyond VISION 2020: universal eye health coverage and the elimination of trachoma. Community Eye Health. 2019;32(107):60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop. Methodologies to diagnose and monitor dry eye disease: report of the Diagnostic Methodology Subcommittee of the International Dry Eye Workshop. Ocul Surf. 2007;5:108–152.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckholtz R. Looking at the new ICD-10-CM codes for blindness. 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Sen HN, Davis J, Ucar D, Fox A, Chan CC, Goldstein DA. Gender disparities in ocular inflammatory disorders. Curr Eye Res. 2015;40(2):146–161. doi:10.3109/02713683.2014.932388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choudhary MM, Hajj-Ali RA, Lowder CY. Gender and ocular manifestations of connective tissue diseases and systemic vasculitides. J Ophthalmol. 2014;2014:403042. doi:10.1155/2014/403042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson AE, Anisimowicz Y, Miedema B, Hogg W, Wodchis WP, Aubrey-Bassler K. The influence of gender and other patient characteristics on health care-seeking behaviour: a QUALICOPC study. BMC Fam Pract. 2016;17:38. doi:10.1186/s12875-016-0440-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdullahi MH, Pam V, Oladigbolu KK, Umar AA, Muhammad RC. Prevalence and spectrum of eye disorders among patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus in a tertiary hospital in Northern Nigeria. J West Afr Coll Surg. 2022;12(1):48–54. doi:10.4103/jwas.jwas_59_22
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Almaliotis D, Zakalka M, Gerofotis A, et al. Ocular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis. Open J Ophthalmol. 2016;06(03):170–175. doi:10.4236/ojoph.2016.63024
   Google Scholar
• Kaur P, Singh Bal B, Singh B, Duggal A, Kaur I. To study the prevalence of ocular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis and their correlation with anti cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies and rheumatoid factor. J Dent Med Sci. 2016;15(09):58–63. doi:10.9790/0853-1509105863
   Google Scholar
• Black RJ, Hill CL, Lester S, Dixon WG. The association between systemic glucocorticoid use and the risk of cataract and glaucoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2016;11(11):e0166468. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0166468
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taseer Z, Khan MA, Afzal S, Gillani SA, Sarwar S. Cataract; diabetes and smoking as a major risk factor for cataract in the community population of residents of Lahore Cantt. Prof Med J. 2019;26(2):54.
   Google Scholar
• Da Silva JA, Jacobs JW, Kirwan JR, et al. Safety of low dose glucocorticoid treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: published evidence and prospective trial data. Ann Rheum Dis. 2006;65(3):285–293. doi:10.1136/ard.2005.038638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Promelle V, Goeb V, Gueudry J. Rheumatoid arthritis associated episcleritis and scleritis: an update on treatment perspectives. J Clin Med. 2021;10(10):2118. doi:10.3390/jcm10102118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halder P, Dutta U, Ghosh B, Maiti P. A study of ophthalmological manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis in Eastern India. Int J Sci Study. 2019;7(5):8–11.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Bedri K, Al-Quriashi NK, Gorial FI, Younis HA. Ocular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis: a descriptive cross-sectional study from Iraq. J Nat Sci Res. 2016;6(8):57.
   Google Scholar
• Markovitz E, Perry ZH, Tsumi E, Abu-Shakra M. Ocular involvement and its’ manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Harefuah. 2011;150(9):713–8, 51.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Serhal L, Lwin MN, Holroyd C, Edwards CJ. Rheumatoid arthritis in the elderly: characteristics and treatment considerations. Autoimmun Rev. 2020;19(6):102528. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102528
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cojocaru M, Cojocaru IM, Silosi I, Vrabie CD, Tanasescu R. Extra-articular manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis. Maedica. 2010;5(4):286.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Polanska V, Hlinomazova Z, Fojtik Z, Nemec P. Dry eye syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Ceska a slovenska oftalmologie. 2007;63(6):422–430.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vignesh APP, Srinivasan R. Ocular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis and their correlation with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies. Clin Ophthalmol. 2015;9:393–397. doi:10.2147/OPTH.S77210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar