Abstract
Objective
To compare the cumulative impact of sequential wear on mechanical properties and appearance of a composite resin (CR), Filtek Z250®, a glass ionomer GI, Fuji IX GP®, and a glass hybrid (GH), Equia Forte®.
Material and Methods
Six equally sized specimens of each material were subjected to wear tests, i.e., simulation of brushing, chewing and acidic liquid exposure, mimicking at least 6 months of clinical exposure. Surface roughness, hardness, substance loss and degree of shade lightness were determined.
Results
Following wear tests, significant increase in surface roughness and decrease in hardness values were observed for all materials (p < .05). Significantly larger substance loss was found in Equia Forte® specimens compared to Filtek Z250® (p < .05), while that of Fuji IX® exceeded the measurement capacity of the instrument. Opposite to the two other materials, the shade of Filtek Z250® became darker.
Conclusions
Sequential wear exposure mimicking abrasion, erosion and attrition to products representing CR, GI and GH, caused weakening and change in appearance of the materials. The composite resin was the most mechanically resistant to the sequential wear.
Acknowledgements
The authors express their gratitude to mechanical engineer Dimitri Alkarra (NIOM, Oslo) for constructing the wear machines for the purpose of this study. In addition, the authors thank to laboratory engineer Alejandro B. Bautista (Faculty of dentistry, University of Oslo) for contributing to profilometric analyses of the specimens.
Author contributions
AM conceptualization, methodology, data collection, formal analyses, writing – review – editing. AR methodology, formal analyses, writing – review – editing. IRS conceptualization, methodology, formal analyses, writing – review – editing. EB conceptualization, methodology, writing – review – editing. AT conceptualization, methodology, data collection, formal analyses, draft preparation, writing – review – editing.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).