Phenotypic characterization and diversity estimates in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) germplasm

Figures & data

Figure 1. Principal component biplot of 81 sugarcane genotypes based on 16 phenotypic traits data pooled over two locations.

Table 1. Eigen values and vectors and extent of variation for pooled data of all considered phenotypic traits of 81 sugarcane genotypes evaluated at Metahara and Tana-Beles during 2021–2023.

Traits	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	PC5
Number of sprouted buds at 45 days after planting	0.22	−0.33	−0.65	0.28	−0.09
Number of tillers at 3 months after planting	0.66	−0.40	−0.23	0.19	0.04
Number of tillers at 4 months after planting	0.61	−0.58	−0.09	0.14	0.10
Number of tillers at 5 months after planting	0.55	−0.57	0.09	0.45	−0.04
Number of millable stalks	0.64	−0.55	0.26	0.20	−0.02
Number of internodes per stalk	0.31	0.14	0.08	−0.20	0.89
Stalk length (m)	0.54	−0.16	0.56	−0.47	0.12
Internode length (cm)	0.16	−0.14	0.63	−0.32	−0.56
Stalk diameter (cm)	0.18	0.42	−0.76	−0.27	−0.21
Single cane weight (kg)	0.60	0.29	−0.40	−0.57	−0.08
Cane yield(t ha^−1)	0.89	−0.25	−0.11	−0.25	−0.07
Brix (%)	0.46	0.65	0.14	0.34	−0.11
Pol (%)	0.53	0.77	0.15	0.29	−0.05
Purity (%)	0.45	0.65	0.13	0.13	0.07
Recoverable sucrose (%)	0.54	0.78	0.15	0.26	−0.03
Sugar yield (t ha^−1)	0.94	−0.03	−0.10	−0.18	−0.07
Eigen value	5.02	3.67	2.12	1.51	1.22
Individual (%)	31.40	23.00	13.23	9.47	7.61
Cumulative (%)	31.41	54.40	67.63	71.10	84.71

Figure 2. Dendrogram using hierarchical cluster analysis based on UPGMA clustering method from the Euclidean distance matrix following the average linkage method for 81 sugarcane genotypes pooled data of 11 agro-morphological and 5 biochemical traits.

Table 2. Average intra (diagonal) and inter (off-diagonal) cluster distance (Euclidean) among seven clusters of 81 sugarcane genotypes grown under two locations’ pooled data of 16 phenotypic traits.

Clusters	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	# genotypes	Percentage
I	4.76							42	51.85
II	2.83	4.46						21	24.71
III	5.19	4.29	3.82					7	8.64
IV	6.54	5.25	5.52	0.00				1(B519–1)	1.23
V	3.24	5.07	6.36	9.21	3.71			6	7.41
VI	4.91	6.79	6.46	8.98	4.70	2.64		3	3.70
VII	8.67	8.20	5.03	6.95	10.12	8.21	0.00	1(B572–11)	1.23

Table 3. Cluster means for 16 phenotypic traits of 81 sugarcane genotypes evaluated over two locations.

Traits	Clusters
	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII
Number of sprouted buds at 45 days after planting	10409	14051	8731	9885	10579	9186	12395
Number of tillers at three months after planting	28161	32989	19002	26956	33356	21568	30423
Number of tillers at four months after planting	27821	38561	20933	26221	33789	22014	28993
Number of tillers at five months after planting	31448	39839	26340	31853	42216	24271	32547
Number of millable stalks	29554	32989	25825	28768	38257	21862	27995
Number of internodes per stalk	27	24	24	26	25	25	25
Stalk length (m)	2.35	2.35	2.07	2.35	2.35	2.05	1.98
Internode length (cm)	4.75	5.32	4.74	5.37	5.11	4.51	4.1
Stalk diameter (cm)	2.78	2.59	2.46	2.43	2.39	2.66	2.74
Single cane weight (kg)	1.53	1.29	1.06	1.19	1.18	1.18	1.25
Cane yield(t ha^−1)	136.18	132.57	81.73	104.65	134.23	79.24	105.48
Brix (%)	20.24	18.29	18.75	19.79	20.07	20.3	19.63
Pol (%)	18.46	15.84	16.25	17.64	17.83	18.37	17.52
Purity (%)	91.1	85.88	86.49	88.92	88.81	90.43	89.07
Recoverable sucrose (%)	12.95	10.63	10.93	12.14	12.23	12.81	12.07
Sugar yield (t ha^−1)	17.98	14.87	9.26	13.16	16.98	10.36	13.23

Data availability statement

The dataset collected and analyzed on the course of the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.