Effect of synthetic fertilization dose on the diameter increase, height and mortality of Cinchona officinalis L. (Rubiaceae)

Figures & data

Table 1. Fertilizer dose distribution according to trial treatment.

Treatment	Dose (g/planta)	Nutrients (%)
T1	0	N = 19, P2O5=4, K2O = 19, MgO = 3
T2	0.3
T3	0.5
T4	0.7
T5	0.9
T6	1.1

Table 2. Multifactorial ANOVA with growth parameters as dependent variables.

Source	Sum of squares	Degrees of freedom	Mean square	F	P
Diameter
Dose	15.15	5	3.03	4.59	0.0007
Time	103.57	5	20.71	31.35	0.0000
Dose x Time	12.82	25	0.51	0.79	0.7650
Residues	83.2498	126	0.66
Total (corrected)	222.88	161
Height
Dose	432.36	5	86.47	16.22	0.0000
Time	1588.71	5	317.74	59.6	0.0000
Dose x Time	457.72	25	18.31	3.43	0.0000
Residues	735.69	138	5.33
Total (corrected)	3165.35	173
Mortality
Dose	21.08	5	4.22	0.64	0.6699
Time	133.78	5	26.75	4.06	0.0014
Dose x Time	243.13	25	9.73	1.47	0.0686
Residues	2374.15	360	6.59
Total (corrected)	2772.14
Number of leaves
Dose	153.58	5	30.72	8.45	0.0000
Time	25.49	5	5.09	1.4	0.2271
Dose x Time	136.63	25	5.46	1.5	0.0731
Residues	494.25	136	3.63
Total (corrected)	811.16	171

P-values in bold indicate significant differences between the means of each treatment.

Table 3. Differences between the means of the 6 treatments.

Treatment	Mortality (%)	Height increase (cm)	Diameter increase (mm)	Number of leaves
T1	36.36 ± 0.94e	2.11 ± 0.94c	1.14 ± 0.58b	6.14 ± 2.12b
T2	72.72 ± 6.30a	10.2 ± 6.30ab	3.8 ± 0.95a	10.33 ± 2.08a
T3	40.00 ± 4.25d	12.57 ± 4.25a	2.28 ± 1.03a	6.7 ± 2.51b
T4	63.63 ± 5.63b	9.32 ± 5.63ab	2.8 ± 1.39a	8 ± 3.79ab
T5	72.72 ± 4.75a	14.00 ± 4.75a	2.9 ± 1.24a	8.25 ± 2.22ab
T6	54.54 ± 4.99c	6.48 ± 4.99bc	2.775 ± 0.95a	8 ± 3.9ab

Lowercase letters, indicating significant differences (α = 0.05).

Figure 2. Correlation matrix between growth variables (M = mortality, H = height, Di = diameter) of C. officinalis plants obtained at the end of the trial versus the chemical properties of the substrate (N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus, K = potassium, Mg = magnesium, Ca = calcium, OM = organic matter, CEC = cation exchange capacity, EC = electrical conductivity) analyzed at the end of the trial.

Table 4. Chemical properties of the substrate used as transplanting medium of C. officinalis in each treatment.

Treatment	N (%)	P (ppm)	K (ppm)	Mg (meq/100g)	Ca (meq/100g)	pH	OM (%)	CEC (meq/100g)	EC (dS/m)
T1	0.35	15.50	409.50	1.77	10.52	5.82	6.97	15.20	0.15
T2	0.34	25.83	119.94	0.44	1.67	3.85	6.90	9.60	0.76
T3	0.38	22.41	189.90	0.42	1.57	3.77	7.60	9.60	2.07
T4	0.35	26.45	216.44	0.52	2.03	3.74	7.04	9.60	2.11
T5	0.35	24.89	322.01	0.58	2.52	3.83	6.97	10.40	2.84
T6	0.36	27.59	208.08	1.00	5.19	4.73	7.25	12.00	0.83