An assessment of the perceptions of local communities in the Eastern Free State Region of South Africa regarding the impacts of climate change on livelihoods

References

• AAZAMI, M. & SHANAZI, K. 2020. Tourism Wetlands and Rural Sustainable Livelihood: The Case from Iran. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 30: 100284.
   Google Scholar
• ABDULAI, A.-R., ZIEMAH, M.K. & AKAABRE, P.B. 2017. Climate Change and Rural Livelihoods in the Lawra District of Ghana. A Qualitative Based Study. European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13 (11): 160.
   Google Scholar
• ABEBE, G. 2021. Dealing with Climate Change and Other Stressors: Small-Scale Coffee Farmers in the Fero-Two Peasant Association in the Wensho District, Southern Ethiopia. GeoJournal 86 (6): 2539–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AMOATEY, P. & SULAIMAN, H. 2020. Assessing the Climate Change Impacts of Cocoa Growing Districts in Ghana: The Livelihood Vulnerability Index Analysis. Environment, Development and Sustainability 22 (3): 2247–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BEDEKE, S., VANHOVE, W., GEZAHEGN, M., NATARAJAN, K. & VAN DAMME, P. 2019. Adoption of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies by Maize-Dependent Smallholders in Ethiopia. NJAS: Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 88: 96–104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BEDEKE, S.B., VANHOVE, W. & WORDOFA, M.G. 2020. Vulnerability to Climate Change Among Maize-Dependent Smallholders in Three Districts of Ethiopia. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22: 693–718.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• BROWN, P.R., AFROZ, S., CHIALUE, L., CHIRANJEEVI, T., EL, S., GRÜNBÜHEL, C.M., KHAN, I., PITKIN, C., RATNA REDDY, V., ROTH, C.H., SACKLOKHAM, S. & WILLIAMS, L.J. 2019. Constraints to the Capacity of Smallholder Farming Households to Adapt to Climate Change in South and Southeast Asia. Climate and Development 11 (5): 383–400.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHERSICH, M.F. & WRIGHT, C.Y. 2019. Climate Change Adaptation in South Africa : A Case Study on the Role of the Health Sector.”.
   Google Scholar
• CHHETRI, R., KUMAR, P., PANDEY, V.P., SINGH, R. & PANDEY, S. 2020. Vulnerability Assessment of Water Resources in Hilly Region of Nepal. Sustainable Water Resources Management 6 (3): 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CHIKOSI, E.S., MUGAMBIWA, S.S., TIRIVANGASI, H.M. & RANKOANA, S.A. 2019. “Climate Change and Variability Perceptions in Ga-Dikgale Community in Limpopo Province, South Africa.”.
   Google Scholar
• DFID, (DEPARTEMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT). 1999. Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets Framework Introduction Vulnerability Transforming. Context 26.
   Google Scholar
• DONOHUE, C. & BIGGS, E. 2015. Monitoring socio-environmental change for sustainable development: Developing a Multidimensional Livelihoods Index (MLI). Applied Geography 62: 391–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DRYSDALE, R.E., MOSHABELA, M. & BOB, U. 2020. ‘A Creeping Phenomenon': The Association between Rainfall and Household Food Insecurity in the District of ILembe, KwaZulu-Natal. Climate and Development 0 (0): 1–11. doi: 10.1080/17565529.2020.1737795.
   Google Scholar
• DUBE, T., MOYO, P., NCUBE, M. & NYATHI, D. 2016. The Impact of Climate Change on Agro-Ecological Based Livelihoods in Africa: A Review. Journal of Sustainable Development 9 (1): 256–67.
   Google Scholar
• DUBE, J.P., VALVERDE, A., STEYN, J.M., COWAN, D.A. & VAN DER WAALS, J.E. 2019. Differences in Bacterial Diversity, Composition and Function Due to Long-Term Agriculture in Soils in the Eastern Free State of South Africa. Diversity 11 (4): 61.
   Google Scholar
• ETWIRE, P.M., AL-HASSAN, R.M. & KUWORNU, J.K.M. 2013. “Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change and Variability in Northern Ghana Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change and Variability in Northern Ghana.” (January 2013).
   Google Scholar
• GHOSH, M. & GHOSAL, S. 2021. Climate Change Vulnerability of Rural Households in Flood-Prone Areas of Himalayan Foothills, West Bengal, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability 23 (2): 2570–95.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GOBENA, G., URGE, M., HUNDIE, D. & KUMSA, D. 2022. Identification and Evaluation of Agro-Ecological Variation in Dry Matter Yield and Nutritional Values of Local Grasses Used as Livestock Feed in Adola Reedde, Guji Zone, Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Animal Research 50 (1): 369–79. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2080212.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JALAL, MD JAHID EBN, MD AKHTARUZZAMAN KHAN, MD EMRAN HOSSAIN, SUDHAKAR YEDLA, & G. M. MONIRU ALAM. 2021. “Does Climate Change Stimulate Household Vulnerability and Income Diversity? Evidence from Southern Coastal Region of Bangladesh.” Heliyon 7(9):e07990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KHAYYAM, U. & NOUREEN, S. 2020. Assessing the Adverse Effects of Flooding for the Livelihood of the Poor and the Level of External Response: A Case Study of Hazara Division, Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27 (16): 19638–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• KIMARO, E.G., MOR, M.M. & TORIBIO, J.-A.L.M.L. 2018. Climate Change Perception and Impacts on Cattle Production in Pastoral Communities of Northern Tanzania. Pastoralism 8: 1–16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• KOGO, B.K., KUMAR, L., KOECH, R., HASAN, K. & KOGO, B.K. 2021. Climatic and non-climatic risks in rainfed crop production systems: insights from maize farmers of western Kenya. Climate and Development 13 (0): 869–878.
   Google Scholar
• LACETERA, N. 2019. Impact of Climate Change on Animal Health and Welfare Animal Frontiers 9 (1): 26–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LAN, X., ZHANG, Q., XUE, H., LIANG, H., WANG, B. & WANG, W. 2021. Linking Sustainable Livelihoods with Sustainable Grassland Use and Conservation: A Case Study from Rural Households in a Semi-Arid Grassland Area, China. Land Use Policy 101: 105186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LOTTERING, S.J., MAFONGOYA, P. & LOTTERING, R. 2021. The Impacts of Drought and the Adaptive Strategies of Small-Scale Farmers in UMsinga, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Journal of Asian and African Studies 56 (2): 267–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MBIRIRI, M., MUKWADA, G. & MANATSA, D. 2018. “Influence of Altitude on the Spatiotemporal Variations of Meteorological Droughts in Mountain Regions of the Free State Province, South Africa (1960–2013).
   Google Scholar
• MECHLER, R., SINGH, C., EBI, K., DJALANTE, R., THOMAS, A., JAMES, R., TSCHAKERT, P., WEWERINKE-SINGH, M., SCHINKO, T., LEY, D., NALAU, J., BOUWER, L.M., HUGGEL, C., HUQ, S., LINNEROOTH-BAYER, J., SURMINSKI, S., PINHO, P., JONES, R., BOYD, E. & REVI, A. 2020. Loss and Damage and Limits to Adaptation: Recent IPCC Insights and Implications for Climate Science and Policy. Sustainability Science 15 (4): 1245–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MELORE, T.W. & NEL, V. 2020. Resilience of Informal Settlements to Climate Change in the Mountainous Areas of Konso, Ethiopia and QwaQwa, South Africa. Jàmbá Journal of Disaster Risk Studies 12 (1): 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• MISHRA, A., HUSSAIN, A. & RASUL, G. 2016. Climate Change Haunts: South Asian Livelihoods. Trade Insight 12: 10–13.
   Google Scholar
• MOELETSI, M.E. 2010. Agroclimatological risk assessment of rainfed maize production for the Free State Province of South Africa. Doctoral dissertation, University of the Free State.
   Google Scholar
• MOELETSI, M.E., TONGWANE, M. & TSUBO, M. 2016. The Study of Frost Occurrence in Free State Province of South Africa. Advances in Meteorology 2016: 1–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOELETSI, M.E. & WALKER, S. 2012. Assessment of Agricultural Drought Using a Simple Water Balance Model in the Free State Province of South Africa. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 108 (3–4): 425–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOELETSI, M.E. & WALKER, S. 2013. Agroclimatological Suitability Mapping for Dryland Maize Production in Lesotho. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 114 (1–2): 227–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOELETSI, E., WALKER, S. & ADOLF, W. 2011. ENSO and Implications on Rainfall Characteristics with Reference to Maize Production in the Free State Province of South Africa. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 36: 715–26. doi: 10.1016/j.pce.2011.07.043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MOHAMED, A.A. & MUKWADA, G. 2019. Temperature Changes in the Maloti-Drakensberg Region: An Analysis of Trends for the 1960-2016 Period. Atmosphere 10: 471.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MONTMASSON-CLAIR, G., MUDOMBI, S. & PATEL, M. 2019. Small Business Development in the Climate Change Adaptation Space in South Africa. Trade and Industrial Policy Strategies (TIPS) South Africa. https://wwwtipsorgza/research-archive/sustainable-growth/green-economy-2/item/3621-small-business-development-in-the-climate-change-adaptation-spacein-south-africa, Accessed April 2021.
   Google Scholar
• NSUBUGA, F.N.W., MEARNS, K.F., DAVIS, N.C., KALUMBA, A.M. & KOMEN, K. 2021. Exploring the Influence of Climate Change and Capital Assets on Livelihood Formations in Central Region of Uganda. Environment, Development and Sustainability 23 (6): 9223–42.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PANDEY, R., KUMAR, S., ALATALO, J.M., ARCHIE, K.M. & GUPTA, A.K. 2017. Sustainable Livelihood Framework-Based Indicators for Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation for Himalayan Communities. Ecological Indicators 79: 338–46.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PAULI, N., ABBOTT, L.K., SIIMONETA, N.-Y. & PILAR, A. 2016. Farmers’ Knowledge and Use of Soil Fauna in Agriculture. Ecology and Society 21(3): 19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• PIYA, L., PRAKASH JOSHI, N. & MAHARJAN, K.L. 2016. Vulnerability of Chepang Households to Climate Change and Extremes in the Mid-Hills of Nepal. Climatic Change 135 (3–4): 521–37.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• QAISRANI, A., UMAR, M.A., ALI SIYAL, G.E. & SALIK, K.M. 2018. What Defines Livelihood Vulnerability in Rural Semi-Arid Areas? Evidence from Pakistan. Earth Systems and Environment 2 (3): 455–75.
   Google Scholar
• RANKOANA, S.A. 2016. Perceptions of Climate Change and the Potential for Adaptation in a Rural Community in Limpopo Province, South Africa.”.
   Google Scholar
• REHMAN, S. & AZHONI, A. 2023. Livelihood Vulnerability Assessment and Climate Change Perception Analysis in Arunachal Pradesh, India. GeoJournal 88 (2): 1427–1447.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAALU, F.N., ORIASO, S. & GYAMPOH, B. 2020. Effects of a changing climate on livelihoods of forest dependent communities. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 12 (1): 1–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SIBIYA, N.P. 2019. “Climate Variability, Asset Adaptation And Rural Livelihoods In Mtubatuba, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa.” (May).
   Google Scholar
• SIMANE, B., ZAITCHIK, B.F. & FOLTZ, J.D. 2016. Agroecosystem Specific Climate Vulnerability Analysis: Application of the Livelihood Vulnerability Index to a Tropical Highland Region. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 21 (1): 39–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SINGH, R.K., SINGH, A., KUMAR, S., SHEORAN, P., SHARMA, D.K., STRINGER, L.C., QUINN, C.H., KUMAR, A. & SINGH, D. 2020. Perceived Climate Variability and Compounding Stressors: Implications for Risks to Livelihoods of Smallholder Indian Farmers. Environmental Management 66 (5): 826–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STAUB, C., GILOT, A., PIERRE, M., MURRAY, G. & KOENIG, R. 2020. Coping with Climatic Shocks: Local Perspectives from Haiti’s Rural Mountain Regions. Population and Environment 42 (2): 146–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• STÄUBLI, ANINA, SAMUEL U. NUSSBAUMER, SIMON K. ALLEN, CHRISTIAN HUGGEL, MARÍA ARGUELLO, FELIPE COSTA, CHRISTIAN HERGARTEN, RODNEY MARTÍNEZ, JAIME SOTO, RUBEN VARGAS, EDUARDO ZAMBRANO, AND MARKUS ZIMMERMANN. 2018. “Analysis of Weather- and Climate-Related Disasters in Mountain Regions Using Different Disaster Databases.”
   Google Scholar
• SU, M.M., WALL, G., WANG, Y. & JIN, M. 2019. Livelihood sustainability in a rural tourism destination - Hetu Town, Anhui Province, China. Tourism Management 71: 272–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TALANOW, K., TOPP, E.N., LOOS, J. & MARTIN-LÓPEZ, B. 2020. Farmers’ Perceptions of Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies in South Africa’s Western Cape. Journal of Rural Studies 81: 203–219.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• TAMAKO, N., AND J.M. THAMAGA CHITJA. 2017. Does Social Capital Play A Role In Climate Change Adaptation Among Smallholder Farmers for Improving Food Security and Livelihoods ? Journal of Consumer Sciences 2:16–27.
   Google Scholar
• UTETE, B., PHIRI, C., MLAMBO, S.S., MUBOKO, N. & FREGENE, B.T. 2019. Vulnerability of Fisherfolks and Their Perceptions towards Climate Change and Its Impacts on Their Livelihoods in a Peri-Urban Lake System in Zimbabwe. Environment, Development and Sustainability 21 (2): 917–34.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YIRIDOMOH, G.Y., SULLO, C. & ZIEM, S. 2021. Climate Variability and Rural Livelihood Sustainability : Evidence from Communities along the Black Volta River in Ghana. GeoJournal 86: 1527–1543.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• YOHANNES, Z., TESHOME, M. & BELAY, M. 2020. Adaptive Capacity of Mountain Community to Climate Change: Case Study in the Semien Mountains of Ethiopia. Environment, Development and Sustainability 22 (4): 3051–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar