The impact of activity type and use of health and safety protocols for destination recovery following a health crisis

References

• Aaker, D. A. (1991). Managing brand equity. Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• AENOR. (2021). Certificación de Protocolos frente al COVID-19. https://www.aenor.com/certificacion/riesgos-y-seguridad/certificacion-de-protocolos-frente-al-covid-19.
   Google Scholar
• Alnawas, I., & Hemsley-Brown, J. (2019). Examining the key dimensions of customer experience quality in the hotel industry. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(7), 833–861. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1568339
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alrawadieh, Z., Alrawadieh, Z., & Kozak, M. (2019). Exploring the impact of tourist harassment on destination image, tourist expenditure, and destination loyalty. Tourism Management, 73, 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.01.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D., & Hollingsworth, T. D. (2020). How will country based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? The Lancet, 395(10228), 931–934. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bubeck, P., Botzen, W. J. W., & Aerts, J. C. (2012). A review of risk perceptions and other factors that influence flood mitigation behavior. Risk Analysis: International Journal, 32(9), 1481–1495. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2011.01783.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DNA, Developing Natural Activities. (2020). En Busca de Escenarios y Recetas para las Nuevas Fases que Definirán una Nueva Era del Turismo. https://dna.es/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/ESTUDIO-DNA-SECTOR-TURISTICO-COVID19.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Do, B., Nguyen, N., D’souza, C., Bui, H. D., & Nguyen, T. N. H. (2022). Strategic responses to COVID-19: The case of tour operators in Vietnam. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358421993902
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drolet, A., Williams, P., & Lau-Gesk, L. (2007). Age-related differences in responses to affective vs. Rational ads for hedonic vs. Utilitarian products. Marketing Letters, 18(4), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-007-9016-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dube, K., Nhamo, G., & Chikodzi, D. (2021). COVID-19 cripples global restaurant and hospitality industry. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(11), 1487–1490. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1773416
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischhoff, B., Slovic, P., Lichtenstein, S., Read, S., & Combs, B. (1978). How safe is safe enough? A psychometric study of attitudes towards technological risks and benefits. Policy Sciences, 9(2), 127–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00143739
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frías-Jamilena, D. M., Polo-Peña, A. I., & Rodríguez-Molina, M. A. (2017). The effect of value-creation on consumer-based destination brand equity. Journal of Travel Research, 56(8), 1011–1031. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287516663650
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallarza, M., & Gil-Saura, I. (2006). Value dimensions, perceived value, satisfaction and loyalty: An investigation of university students’ travel behaviour. Tourism Management, 27(3), 437–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2004.12.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gobierno de Canarias. (2021). Protocolo de buenas prácticas. https://turismodeislascanarias.com/sites/default/files/protocolo_de_seguridad_sanitaria_covid-19_turismo_activo_1.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gobierno de España. (2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19) - 31 de agosto 2021. https://www.dsn.gob.es/es/actualidad/sala-prensa/coronavirus-covid-19-31-agosto-2021
   Google Scholar
• Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. F., & Anderson, R. E. (2018). Multivariate data analysis. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• ICOM, Internacional Council of Museums. (2022). Museums, museum professionals and Covid-19: Third survey. https://icom.museum/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Museums-and-Covid-19_third-ICOM-report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Im, J., Kim, J., & Choeh, J. Y. (2021). COVID-19, social distancing, and risk-averse actions of hospitality and tourism consumers: A case of South Korea. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100566
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Im, H. H., Kim, S. S., Elliot, S., & Han, S. (2012). Conceptualizing destination brand equity dimensions from a consumer-based brand equity perspective. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 29(4), 385–403.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanova, M., Ivanov, I. K., & Ivanov, S. (2021). Travel behaviour after the pandemic: The case of Bulgaria. Anatolia, 32(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2020.1818267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keppel, G. (1991). Design and analysis. A researcher’s handbook. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Kirk, R. E. (1995). Experimental design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences (3rd ed.). Brooks/Cole.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., & Hu, H. F. (2021). Online review helpfulness: The moderating effects of review comprehensiveness. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(2), 534–556. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2020-0856
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magno, F., & Cassia, F. (2022). Firms’ responses to the COVID-19 crisis in the tourism industry: Effects on customer loyalty and economic performance. Anatolia, 33(2), 263–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2021.1916551
   Google Scholar
• Malhotra, N. K. (2010). Marketing Research. An applied orientation. Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Peco-Torres, F., Polo-Peña, A. I., & Frías-Jamilena, D. M. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 on tourists’ intention to resume hotel consumption: The role of resilience. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 99, 103075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.103075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poulaki, I., & Nikas, I. A. (2021). Measuring tourist behavioral intentions after the first outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Prima facie evidence from the Greek market. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 7(3), 845–860. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-09-2020-0218
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sánchez-Cañizares, S. M., Cabeza-Ramírez, L. J., Muñoz-Fernández, G., & Fuentes-García, F. J. (2021). Impact of the perceived risk from Covid-19 on intention to travel. Current Issues in Tourism, 24(7), 970–984. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1829571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, I. E., Budruk, M., Shinew, K., Wynveen, C. J., Stein, T., VanderWoude, D., Hendricks, W. W., & Gibson, H. (2021). COVID-19 compliance among urban trail users: Behavioral insights and environmental implications. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 100396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2021.100396
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sjöberg, L. (2000). Factors in risk perception. Risk Analysis, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/0272-4332.00001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slovic, P. (1987). Perception of risk. Science, 236(4799), 280–285. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3563507
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slovic, P. (1992). Perception of risk: Reflections on the psychometric paradigm. In S. Krimsky & D. Golding (Eds.), Social theories of risk (pp. 117–178). Praeger.
   Google Scholar
• STR. (2022). Tourism After Lockdown: How COVID is reshaping attraction experiences. https://str.com/data-insights-blog/tourism-after-lockdown-how-covid-is-reshaping-attraction-experiences.
   Google Scholar
• Travel Safe. (2020). Travel Safe. Portal Oficial de Turismo de España. Retrieved from: https://travelsafe.spain.info/es/.
   Google Scholar
• Volgger, M., Taplin, R., & Aebli, A. (2021). Recovery of domestic tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic: An experimental comparison of interventions. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 48, 428–440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2021.07.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S., & Liu, F. (2020). COVID-19: Potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel. Tourism Review, 76(1), 74–87. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-03-2020-0110
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WTTC, World Travel & Tourism Council. (2020). ‘Safe travels’: Global protocols & stamp for the new normal. https://wttc.org/initiatives/safetravels-global-protocols-stamp
   Google Scholar
• Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L., & Parasuraman, A. (1996). The behavioural consequences of service quality. Journal of Marketing, 60(2), 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299606000203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic–a critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, H., Song, H., Wen, L., & Liu, C. (2021). Forecasting tourism recovery amid COVID-19. Annals of Tourism Research, 87, 103149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2021.103149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zikmund, W. G. (1998). Essentials of marketing research. Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Zou, Y., & Meng, F. (2020). Chinese tourists’ sense of safety: Perceptions of expected and experienced destination safety. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(15), 1886–1899. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1681382
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar