References
- Altschul, A. G. 1948. “State Plans Drive for Dental Health.” New York Times, 11 December 1948.
- American Association of Orthodontists. 1975. “The American Association of Orthodontists Study of the Availability of Orthodontic Services.” American Journal of Orthodontics 68 (3): 326–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(75)90241-9.
- American Association of Orthodontists. n.d. “Medically Necessary Orthodontic Care.” Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www2.aaoinfo.org/practice-management/patient-management/medically-necessary-orthodontic-care.
- American Dental Association. Health Policy Institute. 2021. Reimbursement Rates for Child and Adult Dental Services in Medicaid by State. Chicago, Illinois.
- American Dental Association. Health Policy Institute. 2023. Distribution of Dentists According to Size of Dental Practice and Affiliation with a Dental Support Organization. Chicago, Illinois.
- Angle, E. H. 1900. Treatment of Malocclusion of the Teeth and Fractures of the Maxillae. Angle’s System. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: The S.S. White Dental Manufacturing Company.
- Barnett, R. 2017. Smile Stealers: The Fine and Foul Art of Dentistry. London: Thames & Hudson.
- Bauman, Z. 2007. Work, Consumerism and the New Poor. 2nd ed. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill Education.
- Berkowitz, D. 2017. Botox Nation: Changing the Face of America. New York, NY: New York University Press.
- Bloemraad, I., A. Korteweg, and G. Yurdakul. 2008. “Citizenship and Immigration.” Annual Review of Sociology 34 (1): 153–179. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.34.040507.134608.
- Bunker, J. P., H. S. Frazier, and F. Mosteller. 1994. “Improving Health: Measuring Effects of Medical Care.” The Milbank Quarterly 72 (2): 225–258. https://doi.org/10.2307/3350295.
- California Assembly. 2020. Committee on Business and Professions. Sacramento, CA: California Assembly. Hearing on AB1998
- Clare, E. 2017. Brilliant Imperfection: Grappling with Cure. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
- Conrad, P. 2007. The Medicalization of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Craig, M. L. 2021. The Routledge Companion to Beauty Politics. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Davis, L. J. 1995. Enforcing Normalcy: Disability, Deafness, and the Body. London: Verso.
- Domino, D. 2015. “OIG: Texas Owes $133M for Unallowable Orthodontic Medicaid Services.” DRBicuspid.com, June 8, 2015. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.drbicuspid.com/dental-specialties/orthodontics/article/15370859/oig-texas-owes-133m-for-unallowable-orthodontic-medicaid-services.
- Edmonds, A., and S. van der Geest. 2009. “Introducing ‘Beauty and Health’.” Medische Antropologie 21 (1): 5–19.
- Fisk, G. V. 1946. “Will Orthodontics Become a Part of Contemplated Government Health Programs for Children.” Journal of Dental Education 10: 144–147.
- George, R., Sr. 2009. “Dentistry’s Oldest Specialty: Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics.” Journal of the American College of Dentists 76 (1): 9–13.
- Gimlin, D. 2012. Cosmetic Surgery Narratives: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Women’s Accounts. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Goodman, S. E. 1974. “(Need) divided by x minus (Demand) divided by xR equals Orthodontist Glut.” The Journal - Connecticut State Dental Association 48 (4): 242–250.
- Guay, A. H., and A. Blatz. 2019. “The Effect of the Great Recession on the Demand for General Oral Health Care and Orthodontic Care.” The Journal of the American Dental Association 150 (4): 287–293. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2018.11.019.
- Hackett, K. 2022. “Profiting from the DTC Aligner Market.” Orthodontic Products, January 10, 2022. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://orthodonticproductsonline.com/clinical-tips/aligner-treatment/one-way-to-profit-from-the-dtc-aligner-market/.
- Haiken, E. 1999. Venus Envy: A History of Cosmetic Surgery. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
- Jarrín, A. 2017. The Biopolitics of Beauty: Cosmetic Citizenship and Affective Capital in Brazil. Oakland, CA: University of California Press.
- Johnson, T. 2021. “Practitioners Warn Parents, Kids about TIKTOK ‘Dental Hacks’”. Orthodontic Products, August 5, 2021. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://orthodonticproductsonline.com/practice-management/patient-relations/practitioners-warn-parents-kids-about-viral-dental-hacks-tiktok/.
- Khalid, A., and C. Quinonez. 2015. “Straight White Teeth as a Social Prerogative.” Sociology of Health and Illness 31 (7): 782–796. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.12238.
- Koenig, B. 2020. “SmileDirect Loses Calif. Dental Board Antitrust Suit.” Law360. July 17, 2020. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.law360.com/compliance/articles/1293161/smiledirect-loses-calif-dental-board-antitrust-suit?copied=1.
- Korica, M., and E. Molloy. 2010. “Making Sense of Professional Identities: Stories of Medical Professionals and New Technologies.” Human Relations 63 (12): 1879–1901. doi:10.1177/0018726710367441.
- Kristoffersen, M. 2020. “Golden State Warriors Star Slams California Bill Aimed at Teledentistry.” Sacramento Bee, July 10, 2020.
- Liebelt, C. 2019. “Aesthetic Citizenship in Istanbul.” Citizenship Studies 23 (7): 686–702. doi:10.1080/13621025.2019.1651088.
- Martinez, S. 2021. “AAO: Time for Orthodontists to Talk to Patients About the Risk of Direct-to-consumer aligners.” Orthodontic Products, October 7, 2021. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://orthodonticproductsonline.com/treatment-products/aligners/time-orthodontists-talk-to-patients-about-risk-of-direct-to-consumer-aligners/.
- “Medical Necessity and Orthodontics.” 2016. Pediatric Dentistry Today. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.aapd.org/globalassets/media/pdt/septpdt16web.pdf.
- Nadia, L., S. Oliva, and G. J. Matthews. 2017. “Children’s Orthodontic Utilization in the United States: Socioeconomic and Surveillance Considerations.” American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 152 (5): 672–678. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.027.
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. 2021. Oral Health in America. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health.
- Otto, M. 2017. Teeth: The Story of Beauty, Inequality, and the Struggle for Oral Health in America. New York, NY: New Press.
- Picard, A. 2009. Making the American Mouth: Dentists and Public Health in the Twentieth Century. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
- Polzer, J., and E. Power. 2016. Neoliberal Governance and Health. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
- Richard, M., B. Thiruvenkatachari, K. O’Brien, and K. B. S. L. Batista. 2020. “Do Malocclusion and Orthodontic Treatment Impact Oral Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.” American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 157 (6): 738–744. doi:10.1016/j.ajodo.2020.01.015.
- Schlossman, S. L. 1986. The Public School in American Dentistry. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation.
- Stinnett, J. 2020. “NBA All-star Comes to Defense of Nashville Company in California Fight.” Nashville Business Journal, July 13, 2020. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.bizjournals.com/nashville/news/2020/07/13/nba-all-star-comes-to-defense-of-nashville-company.html.
- Tindera, M. 2017. “Out of Silicon Valley, A Billion-Dollar Orthodontics Business Built with Plastic And Patents.” Forbes, April 25, 2017. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.forbes.com/sites/michelatindera/2017/04/25/out-of-silicon-valley-a-billion-dollar-orthodontics-business-built-with-plastic-and-patents/?sh=ec0b17f30c2f.
- Widdows, H. 2018. Perfect Me: Beauty as an Ethical Ideal. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Yasiejko, C. 2020. “SmileDirectClub Loses Ruling on Patent for Its Smileshop.” Bloomberg Wire, December 7, 2020. Accessed February 27, 2024. https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/smiledirectclub-loses-ruling-on-patent-for-its-smileshop-1.