Exploring subjective social inclusion of paralympic athletes in marketing communication

References

• Åkestam, N., Rosengren, S., & Dahlen, M. (2017). Advertising “like a girl”: Toward a better understanding of “femvertising” and its effects. Psychology & Marketing, 34(8), 795–806. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amed, I., Balchandani, A., Beltrami, M., Berg, A., Hedrich, S., & Rölkens, F. (2019). The influence of ‘woke’ consumers on fashion. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/retail/our-insights/the-influence-of-woke-consumers-on-fashion.
   Google Scholar
• Antunovic, D., & Bundon, A. (2022). Media coverage of the paralympics: Recommendations for sport journalism practice and education. International Journal of Sport Communication, 15(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2021-0061
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beek, R., Van Hoecke, J., & Derom, I. (2023). Sponsorship and social justice: Brand positioning on diversity and inclusion in sport marketing during the 2020 UEFA European football championship. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 24(3), 538–557. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-03-2022-0069
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2021). One size fits all? What counts as quality practice in (reflexive) thematic analysis? Qualitative Research in Psychology, 18(3), 328–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/14780887.2020.1769238
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brennan, R. L., & Prediger, D. J. (1981). Coefficient kappa: Some uses, misuses, and alternatives. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 41(3), 687–699. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316448104100307
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brittain, I. (2016). Media, marketing and disability sport. In I. Brittain (Ed.), The paralympic games explained (2nd ed, pp. 72–90). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Burton, N., Naraine, M. L., & Scott, O. (2021). Exploring paralympic digital sponsorship strategy: An analysis of social media activation. Managing Sport and Leisure, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2021.1990789
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cammarota, A., D'Arco, M., Marino, V., & Resciniti, R. (2023). Brand Activism: A literature review and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, n/a(n/a), https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12967
   Google Scholar
• Chen, C., & Mason, D. S. (2018). A postcolonial Reading of representations of Non-western leadership in sport management studies. Journal of Sport Management, 32(2), 150–169. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2017-0160
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, R. (2022). Misrepresentation of marginalized groups: A critique of epistemic neocolonialism. Journal of Business Ethics, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05229-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cottingham, M., Carroll, M. S., Phillips, D., Karadakis, K., Gearity, B. T., & Drane, D. (2014). Development and validation of the motivation scale for disability sport consumption. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 49–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cottingham, M., Gearity, B., & Byon, K. (2013). A qualitative examination of disability sport executives’ perceptions of sport promotion and the acquisition of sponsors. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 22(2), 92–100.
   Google Scholar
• Cremer, D. D., & Tyler, T. R. (2005). Am I respected or not?: Inclusion and reputation as issues in group membership. Social Justice Research, 18(2), 121–153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-005-7366-3
   Google Scholar
• Delia, E. B., Nicole Melton, E., Sveinson, K., Cunningham, G. B., & Lock, D. (2022). Understanding the lack of diversity in sport consumer behavior research. Journal of Sport Management, 36(3), 265–276. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2021-0227
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deloitte. (2022). Global Marketing Trends - Thriving through customer centricity. https://www2.deloitte.com/de/de/pages/technology/articles/global-marketing-trends-2022.html.
   Google Scholar
• Duncan, M., & Aycock, A. (2004). Fitting images: Advertising, sport and disability. In S. J. Jackson, & D. L. Andrews (Eds.), Sport, culture and advertising - identities, commodities and the politics of representation (pp. 136–153). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Eisend, M., Muldrow, A. F., & Rosengren, S. (2022). Diversity and inclusion in advertising research. International Journal of Advertising, 52–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2022.2122252
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engsted, I. M. (2013). The European context: Measuring social inclusion in the European union. In C. Ruggeri Laderchi, & S. Savastano (Eds.), Poverty and exclusion in the western balkans: New directions in measurement and policy (pp. 13–27). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4945-4_2.
   Google Scholar
• Eriksson, P., & Kovalainen, A. (2015). Qualitative methods in business research: A practical guide to social research. SAGE Publications Ltd.
   Google Scholar
• Fitzgerald, H. (2012). Paralympic athletes and “knowing disability”. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 59(3), 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2012.697721
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner, A., Love, A., & Waller, S. (2023). How do elite sport organisations frame diversity and inclusion? A critical race analysis. Sport Management Review, 26(3), 339–360. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2022.2062975
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haller, B., & Ralph, S. (2001). Profitability, diversity, and disability images in advertising in the United States and Great Britain. Disability Studies Quarterly, 21(2), https://doi.org/10.18061/dsq.v21i2.276
   Google Scholar
• Hardin, M. (2006). Disability and sport: (Non)Coverage of an athletic paradox. In A. A. Raney, & J. Bryant (Eds.), Handbook of sports and media (pp. 577–585). Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Hardin, M. M. (2003). Marketing the acceptably athletic image: Wheelchair athletes, sport-related advertising and capitalist hegemony. Disability Studies Quarterly, 23(1), 108–125. https://doi.org/10.18061/dsq.v23i1.403
   Google Scholar
• Hardin, M. M., & Hardin, B. (2004). The'supercrip; in sport media: Wheelchair athletes discuss hegemony's disabled hero. Sociology of Sport Online-SOSOL, 7(1).
   Google Scholar
• Hargreaves, J. A., & Hardin, B. (2009). Women wheelchair athletes: Competing against media stereotypes. Disability Studies Quarterly, 29(2), https://doi.org/10.18061/dsq.v29i2.920
   Google Scholar
• Henne, K., & Pape, M. (2018). Dilemmas of gender and global sports governance: An invitation to southern theory. Sociology of Sport Journal, 35(3), 216–225. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2017-0150
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodges, C. E., Scullion, R., & Jackson, D. (2015). From awww to awe factor: UK audience meaning-making of the 2012 Paralympics as mediated spectacle. Journal of Popular Television, The, 3(2), 195–212. https://doi.org/10.1386/jptv.3.2.195_1
   Google Scholar
• Honold, L. (1997). A review of the literature on employee empowerment. Empowerment in Organisations, 5(4), 202–212. https://doi.org/10.1108/14634449710195471
   Google Scholar
• Hu, T., Cottingham, M., Shapiro, D., & Lee, D. (2023a). Promote the “wow”: (mis)representation, perception and reception of media promotion on wheelchair rugby. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 470. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-03-2022-0060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, T., Siegfried, N., Cho, M., & Cottingham, M. (2023b). Elite athletes with disabilities marketability and branding strategies: Professional agents’ perspectives. European Sport Management Quarterly, 1643–1665. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2023.2210598
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Paralympic Committee. (2022). Allianz creates inclusive Training Series for young people with disabilities. Retrieved 2023-06-06 from https://www.paralympic.org/news/allianz-creates-inclusive-training-series-young-people-disabilities.
   Google Scholar
• Kearney, S., Brittain, I., & Kipnis, E. (2019). “Superdisabilities” vs “disabilities”? Theorizing the role of ableism in (mis)representational mythology of disability in the marketplace. Consumption Markets & Culture, 22(5-6), 545–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/10253866.2018.1562701
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinkosumsivadol, K., Phubaengmai, T., Taikul, P., & Tiwong, S. (2022, 23-25 March 2022). Attitudes of Society towards Breaking Beauty Standards Advertising. 2022 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA).
   Google Scholar
• Korstjens, I., & Moser, A. (2018). Series: Practical guidance to qualitative research. Part 4: Trustworthiness and publishing. European Journal of General Practice, 24(1), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/13814788.2017.1375092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legg, D., & Dottori, M. (2017). Marketing and sponsorship at the paralympic games. In S. Darcy, S. Frawley, & D. Adair (Eds.), Managing the paralympics (pp. 263–288). Palgrave Macmillan UK.
   Google Scholar
• Licsandru, T. C., & Cui, C. C. (2018). Subjective social inclusion: A conceptual critique for socially inclusive marketing. Journal of Business Research, 82, 330–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.08.036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lunga, V. (2002). Empowerment through inclusion: The case of women in the discourses of advertising in Botswana. Perspectives on Global Development and Technology, 1(1), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1163/156915002100419745
   Google Scholar
• Macdougall, H. K., Nguyen, S. N., & Karg, A. J. (2014). ‘Game, Set, Match’: An exploration of congruence in Australian disability sport sponsorship. Sport Management Review, 17(1), 78–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.09.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marino-Francis, F., & Worrall-Davies, A. (2010). Development and validation of a social inclusion questionnaire to evaluate the impact of attending a modernised mental health day service. Mental Health Review Journal, 15(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.5042/mhrj.2010.0201
   Google Scholar
• Matson-Barkat, S., Puncheva-Michelotti, P., Koetz, C., & Hennekam, S. (2022). Destigmatisation through social sharing of emotions and empowerment: The case of disabled athletes and consumers of disability sports. Journal of Business Research, 149, 77–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.05.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McNary, E., & Hardin, M. (2013). Subjectivity in 140 characters: The use of social media by marginalized groups. In P. M. Pedersen (Ed.), Routledge handbook of sport communication (pp. 239–247). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• McPherson, G., O’Donnell, H., McGillivray, D., & Misener, L. (2016). Elite athletes or superstars? Media representation of para-athletes at the Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games. Disability & Society, 31(5), 659–675. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2016.1197823
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melton, E. N., & MacCharles, J. D. (2021). Examining sport marketing through a rainbow lens. Sport Management Review, 24(3), 421–438. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2021.1880742
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Middleton, K., & Turnbull, S. (2021). How advertising got ‘woke’: The institutional role of advertising in the emergence of gender progressive market logics and practices. Marketing Theory, 21(4), 561–578. https://doi.org/10.1177/14705931211035163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirzaei, A., Wilkie, D. C., & Siuki, H. (2022). Woke brand activism authenticity or the lack of it. Journal of Business Research, 139, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nam, S. B., & Lee, K. Y. (2013). The influence of the paralympic sponsorship on consumers' purchase intention: The mediating role of corporate image. Choregia, 9(1), 25–41. https://doi.org/10.4127/ch.2013.0075
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen. (2020). Quarterbacking positive change through sports. https://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/article/2020/quarterbacking-positive-change-through-sports/.
   Google Scholar
• O’Keefe, L. (2008). A kaleidoscope of colour and vibrancy: Personal reflections on the Paralympics. In K. Gilbert, & O. J. Schantz (Eds.), The paralympic games: Empowerment or side show? (pp. 148–154). Meyer & Meyer.
   Google Scholar
• Olson, E. L., & Thjømøe, H. M. (2011). Explaining and articulating the Fit construct in sponsorship. Journal of Advertising, 40(1), 57–70. https://doi.org/10.2753/JOA0091-3367400104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oxoby, R. (2009). Understanding social inclusion, social cohesion, and social capital. International Journal of Social Economics, 36(12), 1133–1152. https://doi.org/10.1108/03068290910996963
   Google Scholar
• Ozturk, M. A., & Kocak, S. (2004). Impact of sponsorship on companies that supported the 2002 salt lake city winter paralympics. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 5(4), 38–51. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-05-04-2004-B005
   Google Scholar
• Patatas, J. M., De Bosscher, V., Derom, I., & De Rycke, J. (2020). Managing parasport: An investigation of sport policy factors and stakeholders influencing para-athletes’ career pathways. Sport Management Review, 23(5), 937–951. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.12.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton, M. Q. (1999). Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis. Health Services Research, 34(5), 1189–1208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson, E., & Misener, L. (2022). Informing future paralympic media approaches: The perspective of Canadian paralympic athletes. Communication & Sport, https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795221103410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter, F. (2000). Social exclusion: What's in a name? Development in Practice, 10(1), 76–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614520052529
   Google Scholar
• Pullen, E., Jackson, D., Silk, M., Howe, P. D., & Silva, C. F. (2021). Extraordinary normalcy, ableist rehabilitation, and sporting ablenationalism: The cultural (Re)Production of paralympic disability narratives. Sociology of Sport Journal, 38(3), 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2020-0093
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pullen, E., Mora, L., & Silk, M. (2023). Paralympic cripvertising: On the gendered self-representations of Paralympic athletes on social media. New Media & Society, https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448231173882
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qayyum, A., Jamil, R. A., Shah, A. M., & Lee, K. (2023). Inclusive advertising featuring disability on Instagram: Effect on consumer well-being, brand engagement, and purchase intention. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 75, 103515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103515
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rees, L., Robinson, P., & Shields, N. (2019). Media portrayal of elite athletes with disability – a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 41(4), 374–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2017.1397775
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reinhardt, J. D., & Gradinger, F. (2007). Behinderung in der werbung—zwischen unsichtbarkeit und provokation. In M. Jaeckel (Ed.), Ambivalenzen des Konsums und der werblichen Kommunikation (pp. 91–107). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Sarkar, C., & Kotler, P. (2020). Brand activism: From purpose to action. Idea Bite Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shelton, S. (2017). Not an inspiration just for existing: How advertising uses physical disabilities as inspiration: A categorization and model. AEJMC Southeast Colloquium.
   Google Scholar
• Shelton, S., & Waddell, T. F. (2021). Does ‘inspiration porn’ inspire? How disability and challenge impact attitudinal evaluations of advertising. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 42(3), 258–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641734.2020.1808125
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegfried, N. (2022). Relationship marketing: A strategy for acquiring long-term strategic sponsorships in the disability sport sector. Sport Management Review, 540–560. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2022.2140886
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegfried, N., Green, E. R., Swim, N., Montanaro, A., Greenwell, C., & Frederick, E. L. (2021). An examination of college adaptive sport sponsorship and the role of cause-related marketing. Journal of Issues in Intercollegiate Athletics, 14, 483–500.
   Google Scholar
• Sobande, F. (2019). Woke-washing: “intersectional” femvertising and branding “woke” bravery. European Journal of Marketing, 54(11), 2723–2745. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0134
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterba, D., Stapleton, J. N., & Kennedy, W. (2022). The supercrip athlete in media: Model of inspiration or able-bodied hegemony? International Journal of Sport Communication, 15(3), 185–189. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2022-0062
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sveinson, K., & Allison, R. (2022). “Something seriously wrong With U.S. Soccer”: A critical discourse analysis of consumers’ twitter responses to U.S. Soccer’s girls’ apparel promotion. Journal of Sport Management, 36(5), 446–458. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2021-0127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toffoletti, K. (2018). Sport, postfeminism and women with disabilities: Female paralympians on social media. In K. Toffoletti, H. Thorpe, & J. Francombe-Webb (Eds.), New sporting femininities: Embodied politics in postfeminist times (pp. 253–275). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72481-2_12.
   Google Scholar
• Toyota. (2021). Toyota Makes Game-changing Move to Support U.S. Paralympic Movement and Paralympic Athletes Retrieved 2023-06-06 from https://pressroom.toyota.com/toyota-makes-game-changing-move-to-support-u-s-paralympic-movement-and-paralympic-athletes/.
   Google Scholar
• Vaismoradi, M., Jones, J., Turunen, H., & Snelgrove, S. (2016). Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 6(5), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v6n5p100
   Google Scholar
• Wicker, P., Breuer, C., & von Hanau, T. (2012). Is it profitable to represent the country? Evidence on the sport-related income of funded top-level athletes in Germany. Managing Leisure, 17(2-3), 221–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/13606719.2012.674396
   Google Scholar
• Williams, A., Brison, N., & Pegoraro, A. (2023). Guest editorial: Diversity, equity and inclusivity in sport marketing research. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, 24(3), 425–431. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-08-2023-244
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar