Experiences of Rural Secondary School Teachers in the Integration of Technology during Emergency Remote Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Namibia: An Exploratory Study

References

• Adov, L., and M. Mäeots. 2021. “What Can We Learn About Science Teachers’ Technology Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic?” Education Sciences 11, no. 6: 255. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11060255
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anthony Jnr, B., and S. Noel. 2021. “Examining the Adoption of Emergency Remote Teaching and Virtual Learning during and after COVID-19 Pandemic.” International Journal of Educational Management 35, no. 6: 1136–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-08-2020-0370
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arcueno, G., H. Arga, T. A. Manalili, J. A. Garcia, G. G. Arcueno, H. A. Arga, and S. Garcia. 2021. “TPACK and ERT: Understanding Teacher Decisions and Challenges with Integrating Technology in Planning Lessons and Instructions.” Preprint, submitted 16 March 2021. https://easychair.org/publications/preprint/STc4
   Google Scholar
• Barquero, V., N. Arce, and S. León. 2022. “Transitioning from Face-To-Face Classes to Emergency Remote Learning.” Revista de Lenguas Modernas 35: 23–46. https://doi.org/10.15517/rlm.v0i35.45802
   Google Scholar
• Benner, A. D., and R. S. Mistry. 2020. “Child Development during the COVID-19 Pandemic through a Life Course Theory Lens.” Child Development Perspectives 14, no. 4: 236–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozkurt, A., and R. C. Sharma. 2020. “Emergency Remote Teaching in a Time of Global Crisis due to Coronavirus Pandemic.” Asian Journal of Distance Education 15, no. 1: i–vi.
   Google Scholar
• Bozkurt, A., I. Jung, J. Xiao, V. Vladimirschi, R. Schuwer, G. Egorov, S. R. Lambert, et al. 2020. “A Global Outlook to the Interruption of Education due to COVID-19 Pandemic: Navigating in a Time of Uncertainty and Crisis.” Asian Journal of Distance Education 15, no. 1: 1–126.
   Google Scholar
• Brzezinska, M., and E. Cromarty. 2022. “Emergency Remote Teaching in the University Context: Responding to Social and Emotional Needs during a Sudden Transition Online.” In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, edited by Gabriele Meiselwitz, 30–47. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05064-0_3
   Google Scholar
• Cahyadi, A., Hendryadi, S. Widyastuti, and Suryani. 2022. “COVID-19, Emergency Remote Teaching Evaluation: The Case of Indonesia.” Education and Information Technologies 27, no. 2: 2165–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10680-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell, S., M. Greenwood, S. Prior, T. Shearer, K. Walkem, S. Young, D. Bywaters, and K. Walker. 2020. “Purposive Sampling: Complex or Simple? Research Case Examples.” Journal of Research in Nursing 25, no. 8: 652–61. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120927206
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eun, B. 2019. “The Zone of Proximal Development as an Overarching Concept: A Framework for Synthesizing Vygotsky’s Theories.” Educational Philosophy and Theory 51, no. 1: 18–30. https://doi.org/10.15503/jecs2021.2.432.444
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferri, F., P. Grifoni, and T. Guzzo. 2020. “Online Learning and Emergency Remote Teaching: Opportunities and Challenges in Emergency Situations.” Societies 10, no. 4: 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc10040086
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghavifekr, S., and W. Rosdy. 2015. “Teaching and Learning with Technology: Effectiveness of ICT Integration in Schools.” International Journal of Research in Education and Science 1, no. 2: 175–91. https://doi.org/10.21890/ijres.23596
   Google Scholar
• Hamakali, H. P. S., and L. M. Josua. 2023. “Engendering Technology-Assisted Pedagogy for Effective Instructional Strategy in the University of Namibia Language Centre.” Research in Educational Policy and Management 5, no. 1: 18–32. https://doi.org/10.46303/repam.2023.3
   Google Scholar
• Heale, R., and A. Twycross. 2018. “What is a Case Study.” Evidence-Based Nursing 21, no. 1: 7–8. http://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2017-102845
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hodges, C. B., S. Moore, B. B. Lockee, T. Trust, and M. A. Bond. 2020. “The Difference Between Emergency Remote Teaching and Online Learning.” Educause. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104648
   Google Scholar
• Kaisara, G., and K. L. Bwalya. 2021. “Investigating the E-learning Challenges Faced by Students during COVID-19 in Namibia.” International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 1: 308–18. https://doi.org/10.5430/ijhe.v10n1p308
   Google Scholar
• Kamati, P. K., and J. Shikongo. 2023. “Assessment of Instructors’ Ability to Incorporate Technology into Physics Teaching in Namibia.” Global Journal of Physical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 1: 1–13. https://gprjournals.org/journals/index.php/GJPAS/article/view/112
   Google Scholar
• Khalefa, E. Y., and S. N. Selian. 2021. “Non-Random Samples as a Data Collection Tool in Qualitative Art-Related Studies.” International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies 8, no. 1: 35–49. https://doi.org/10.24821/ijcas.v8i1.5184
   Google Scholar
• Koehler, M. J., and P. Mishra, eds. 2016. Handbook of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) For Educators. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• König, J., D. J. Jäger-Biela, and N. Glutsch. 2020. “Adapting to Online Teaching during COVID-19 School Closure: Teacher Education and Teacher Competence Effects among Early Career Teachers in Germany.” European Journal of Teacher Education 43, no. 4: 608–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1809650
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manca, S., and M. Delfino. 2021. “Adapting Educational Practices in Emergency Remote Education: Continuity and Change from a Student Perspective.” British Journal of Educational Technology 52, no. 4: 1394–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13098
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam, S. B. 2002. “Introduction to Qualitative Research.” In Qualitative Research in Practice: Examples for Discussion and Analysis, edited by S. B. Merriam and Robin S. Grenier, 3–17. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
   Google Scholar
• Mishra, P., and M. J. Koehler. 2006. “Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge: A Framework for Teacher Knowledge.” Teachers College Record 108, no. 6: 1017–54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9620.2006.00684.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nandlall, N., L. D. Hawke, E. Hayes, K. Darnay, M. Daley, J. Relihan, and J. Henderson. 2022. “Learning Through a Pandemic: Youth Experiences with Remote Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Sage Open 12, no. 3. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221124122
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nepembe, V., and C. Simuja. 2023. “Instructors’ Perspectives of TPACK in a Vocational Training Classroom in Namibia.” Journal of Vocational, Adult and Continuing Education and Training 6, no. 1: 90–107. http://doi.org/10.14426/jovacet.v6i1.309
   Google Scholar
• Newman, S. 2018. “Vygotsky, Wittgenstein, and Sociocultural Theory.” Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 48, no. 3: 350–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/jtsb.12174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nghaamua, N. N. 2022. “An Exploration of Selected Windhoek Secondary School Teachers Information Communication and Technology Classroom Integration.” PhD diss., University of Namibia. http://hdl.handle.net/11070/3574
   Google Scholar
• Niess, M. L. 2011. “Investigating TPACK: Knowledge Growth in Teaching with Technology.” Journal of Educational Computing Research 44, no. 3: 299–317. https://doi.org/10.2190/EC.44.3.c
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nkengbeza, D., D. Mbuzi, and A. M. Chainda. 2022. “Challenges Faced by Primary School English Teachers in Integrating Media Technology in the Teaching and Learning of English.” Creative Education 13, no. 4: 1139–53. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2022.134071
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira, G., J. Grenha Teixeira, A. Torres, and C. Morais. 2021. “An Exploratory Study on the Emergency Remote Education Experience of Higher Education Students and Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.” British Journal of Educational Technology 52, no. 4: 1357–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olofsson, A. D., O. Lindberg, and G. Fransson. 2021. “Swedish Upper Secondary School Teachers’ Experiences with Coping with Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT)–Emerging Pedagogical Issues in Pandemic Times.” Education in the North 28, no. 3. https://doi.org/10.26203/v1s1-ty08
   Google Scholar
• Rasmitadila, R., R. Aliyyah, R. Rachmadtullah, A. Samsudin, E. Syaodih, M. Nurtanto, and A. Tambunan. 2020. “The Perceptions of Primary School Teachers of Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period.” Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies 7, no. 2: 90–109. http://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/388
   Google Scholar
• Ratheeswari, K. 2018. “Information Communication Technology in Education.” Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 3, no. 1: 45–47. https://doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2018.v3iS1.169
   Google Scholar
• Reimers, F., and A. Schleicher. 2020. Schooling Disrupted, Schooling Rethought. How the Covid-19 Pandemic is Changing Education. OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/68b11faf-en
   Google Scholar
• Schleicher, A. 2020. “The Impact of COVID-19 on Education: Insights from ‘Education at a Glance 2020.’” https://www.oecd.org/education/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-education-insights-education-at-a-glance-2020.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Schunk, D. H., and M. K. DiBenedetto. 2020. “Motivation and Social Cognitive Theory.” Contemporary Educational Psychology 60: 101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101832
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shin, M., and K. Hickey. 2021. “Needs a Little TLC: Examining College Students’ Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning Experiences during COVID-19.” Journal of Further and Higher Education 45, no. 7: 973–86. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2020.1847261
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibanda, T., and L. Josua. 2022. “Covid-19 Triggered Technology Integration Strategies for Enhanced Student Engagement in Blended Learning.” African Journal of Education and Practice 8, no. 5: 1–18. https://doi.org/10.47604/ajep.1616
   Google Scholar
• Statti, A., and K. M. Torres. 2020. “Digital Literacy: The Need for Technology Integration and its Impact on Learning and Engagement in Community School Environments.” Peabody Journal of Education 95, no. 1: 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/0161956X.2019.1702426
   Google Scholar
• Stewart, W. H., Y. Baek, and P. R. Lowenthal. 2022. “From Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) to Sustained Remote Teaching (SRT): A Comparative Semester Analysis of Exchange Students’ Experiences and Perceptions of Learning Online during COVID-19.” Online Learning 26, no. 2. http://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v26i2.2661
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teo, C. L., S. C. Tan, and C. K. Chan. 2021. “Pedagogical Transformation and Teacher Learning for Knowledge Building: Turning COVID-19 Challenges into Opportunities.” Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology 47, no. 4: 1–26. https://doi.org/10.21432/cjlt28057
   Google Scholar
• Treve, M. 2021. “What COVID-19 Has Introduced Into Education: Challenges Facing Higher Education Institutions (HEIs).” Higher Education Pedagogies 6, no. 1: 212–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/23752696.2021.1951616
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trust, T., and J. Whalen. 2021. “Emergency Remote Teaching with Technology during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Using the Whole Teacher Lens to Examine Educator’s Experiences and Insights.” Educational Media International 58, no. 2: 145–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2021.1930479
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uerz, D., M. Volman, and M. Kral. 2018. “Teacher Educators’ Competencies in Fostering Student Teachers’ Proficiency in Teaching and Learning with Technology: An Overview of Relevant Research Literature.” Teaching and Teacher Education 70: 12-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.11.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar