584
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Editorial

Omega-3 Fatty Acid Therapy: Is the Vehicle Important? A Hypothesis

&

References

  • Albert BB, Cameron-Smith D, Hofman PL, Cutfield WS. 2013. Oxidation of marine omega-3 supplements and human health. Biomed Res Int. 2013:464921–464928. doi:10.1155/2013/464921.
  • Burri L, Hoem N, Banni S, Berge K. 2012. Marine omega-3 phospholipids: metabolism and biological activities. Int J Mol Sci. 13(11):15401–15419. Published 2012 Nov 21. doi:10.3390/ijms131115401.
  • Chevalier L, Vachon A, Plourde M. 2021. Pharmacokinetics of supplemental omega-3 fatty acids esterified in monoglycerides, ethyl esters, or triglycerides in adults in a randomized crossover trial. J Nutr. 151(5):1111–1118. doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa458.
  • Curfman G. 2021. Omega-3 fatty acids and atrial fibrillation. JAMA. 325(11):1063. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2909.
  • Guo X-Y, Yan X-L, Chen Y-W, Tang R-B, Du X, Dong J-Z, Ma C-S. 2014. Omega-3 fatty acids for postoperative atrial fibrillation: alone or in combination with antioxidant vitamins? Heart Lung Circ. 23(8):743–750. doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2014.02.018.
  • Hamam F, Shahidi F. 2006. Acidolysis reactions lead to esterification of endogenous tocopherols and compromised oxidative stability of modified oils. J Agric Food Chem. 54(19):7319–7323. doi:10.1021/jf061730e.
  • Kalstad AA, Myhre PL, Laake K, Tveit SH, Schmidt EB, Smith P, Nilsen DWT, Tveit A, Fagerland MW, Solheim S, OMEMI Investigators., et al. 2021. Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplements in elderly patients after myocardial infarction: a randomized, controlled trial. Circulation. 143(6):528–539. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.052209.
  • Kastelein JJP, Stroes ESG. 2019. FISHing for the miracle of eicosapentaenoic acid. N Engl J Med. 380(1):89–90. doi:10.1056/NEJMe1814004.
  • Korantzopoulos P, Kolettis TM, Galaris D, Goudevenos JA. 2007. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 115(2):135–143. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.04.026.
  • Larsson K, Harrysson H, Havenaar R, Alminger M, Undeland I. 2016. Formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (HHE) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) in fish and fish oil during dynamic gastrointestinal in vitro digestion. Food Funct. 7(2):1176–1187. doi:10.1039/c5fo01401h.
  • Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee I-M, Christen W, Bassuk SS, Mora S, Gibson H, Albert CM, Gordon D, Copeland T, et al. 2019. Marine n-3 fatty acids and prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer. N Engl J Med. 380(1):23–32. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1811403.
  • Minton ST, Almada AL, Evans JL, Laidlaw M, Opheim J. 2023. Comparative membrane incorporation of omega-3 fish oil triglyceride preparations differing by degree of re-esterification: A sixteen-week randomized intervention trial. PLoS One. 18(1):e0265462. Published 2023 Jan 27. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0265462.
  • Mozaffarian D, Psaty BM, Rimm EB, Lemaitre RN, Burke GL, Lyles MF, Lefkowitz D, Siscovick DS. 2004. Fish intake and risk of incident atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 110(4):368–373. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000138154.00779.A5.
  • Musakhanian J, Rodier JD, Dave M. 2022. Oxidative stability in lipid formulations: a review of the mechanisms, drivers, and inhibitors of oxidation. AAPS PharmSciTech. 23(5):151. doi:10.1208/s12249-022-02282-0.
  • Myhre P, Berge T, Kalstad A, Tveit SH, Laake K, Schmidt EB, Solheim S, Arnesen H, Seljeflot I, Tveit A. 2022. The OMEMI trial, effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and micro-AF in the OMEMI trial. Eur Heart J. 43(Supplement_2). doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2433.
  • Nissen SE, Lincoff AM, Wolski K, Ballantyne CM, Kastelein JJP, Ridker PM, Ray KK, McGuire DK, Mozaffarian D, Koenig W, et al. 2021. Association between achieved ω-3 fatty acid levels and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with high cardiovascular risk: a secondary analysis of the STRENGTH trial. JAMA Cardiol. 6(8):1–8. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2021.1157.
  • Ridker PM, Rifai N, MacFadyen J, Glynn RJ, Jiao L, Steg PG, Miller M, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA, Tardif J-C, et al. 2022. Effects of randomized treatment with icosapent ethyl and a mineral oil comparator on interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2: a REDUCE-IT biomarker substudy. Circulation. 146(5):372–379. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059410.
  • Zhou A, Hyppönen E. 2023. Vitamin D deficiency and C-reactive protein: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Int J Epidemiol. 52(1):260–271. doi:10.1093/ije/dyac087.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.