94
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

“We aren’t what we say:” discontinuities of teacher beliefs and instructional practice at a “no-excuses” and high-achieving urban charter school

ORCID Icon
Received 25 Mar 2022, Accepted 09 Jan 2024, Published online: 22 Jan 2024

References

  • Anyon, Y., J. M. Jenson, I. Altschul, J. Farrar, J. McQueen, E. Greer, B. Downing, and J. Simmons. 2014. “The Persistent Effect of Race and the Promise of Alternatives to Suspension in School Discipline Outcomes.” Children & Youth Services Review 44:379–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.06.025.
  • Banks, J. A. 1993. “Multicultural Education: History, Dimensions, and Practice.” Review of Research in Education 19:3–49. https://doi.org/10.2307/1167339.
  • Battey, D., L. A. Leyva, I. Williams, V. A. Belizario, R. Greco, and R. Shah. 2018. “Racial (Mis)match in Middle School Mathematics Classrooms: Relational Interactions as a Racialized Mechanism.” Harvard Educational Review 88 (4): 455–482. https://doi.org/10.17763/1943-5045-88.4.455.
  • Boutte, G. 2017. “Teaching About Racial Equity Issues in Teacher Education Programs.” African American Children in Early Childhood Education: Making the Case for Policy Investments in Families, Schools, and Communities 247–266. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2051-231720170000005011.
  • Boykin, A. W., and R. T. Cunningham. 2001. “The Effects of Movement Expressiveness in Story Content and Learning Context on the Cognitive Performance of African American Children.” The Journal of Negro Education 32:256–263.
  • Bruner, J. 1996. The Culture of Education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Carnoy, M., R. Jacobsen, L. Mishel, and R. Rothstein. 2005. The Charter School Dust-Up. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute.
  • Carter, S. C. 2000. No-Excuses: Lessons from 21 High-Performing, High-Poverty Schools. Washington, DC: Heritage Foundation.
  • Cheng, A., C. Hitt, B. Kisida, and J. N. Mills. 2017. ““No excuses” charter schools: A meta-analysis of the experimental evidence on student achievement.” Journal of School Choice 11 (2): 209–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/15582159.2017.1286210.
  • Clark, M. A., E. Isenberg, A. Y. Liu, L. Makowsky, and M. Zukiewicz. 2017. Impacts of the Teach for America Investing in Innovation Scale-Up. Revised Final Report. Mathematica Policy Research.
  • Cohodes, S. 2018. “Policy Issue: Charter Schools and the Achievement Gap.” The Future of Children 1000 (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2018.0008.
  • Creswell, J. 2013. Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Delaney, R. 2019. “Giving Kids a Say: Schools Switch from Suspensions to Restorative Justice.” St. Louis Public Radio, March 7. https://news.stlpublicradio.org/post/giving-kids-say-schools-switch-suspensions-restorative-justice#stream/0.
  • Dishon, G., and J. F. Goodman. 2017. “No-Excuses for Character: A Critique of Character Education in No-Excuses Charter Schools.” Theory & Research in Education 15 (2): 182–201.
  • Dobbie, W., and R. G. Fryer. 2013. “Getting Beneath the Veil of Effective Schools: Evidence from New York City.” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 5 (4): 28–60. https://doi.org/10.1257/app.5.4.28.
  • Dobbie, W., and R. G. Fryer. 2020. “Charter Schools and Labor Market Outcomes.” Journal of Labor Economics 38 (4): 915–957. https://doi.org/10.1086/706534.
  • Donaldson, M. L., and S. M. Johnson. 2011. “Teach for America Teachers: How Long Do They Teach? Why Do They Leave?” Phi Delta Kappan 93 (2): 47–51. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171109300211.
  • Duckworth, A. L., C. Peterson, M. D. Matthews, and D. R. Kelly. 2007. “Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 92 (6): 1087–1101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.1087.
  • Dumas, M. J. 2016. “Against the Dark: Antiblackness in Education Policy and Discourse.” Theory into Practice 55 (1): 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2016.1116852.
  • Emerson, R. M., R. I. Fretz, and L. L. Shaw. 2011. Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press.
  • Feistritzer, C. E. 2011. “Profile of Teachers in the U.S. 2011.” The Heartland Institute. https://www.heartland.org/_template-assets/documents/publications/Profile_Teachers_US_2011.pdf.
  • Finn, C., Jr., and B. Wright. 2016. “Why It’s Hard to Grasp Charter School Effectiveness.” May 23. https://edexcellence.net/articles/why-its-hard-to-grasp-charter-school-effectiveness.
  • Freire, P. 1970. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Continuum.
  • Gill, B. 2018. Charter School Research Has a Long Way to Go to Inform Policy and practice. Mathematica Blog. https://www.mathematica.org/commentary/charterschool-research-has-a-long-way-to-go-to-inform-policy-and-practice.
  • Giroux, H. A. 2010. “Rethinking Education as the Practice of Freedom: Paulo Freire and the Promise of Critical Pedagogy.” Policy Futures in Education 8 (6): 715–721. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2010.8.6.715.
  • Glazerman, S. 2012. “Random Assignment within Schools: Lessons Learned from the Teach for America Experiment.” Education Finance and Policy 7 (2): 124–142. https://doi.org/10.1162/EDFP_a_00059.
  • Glazerman, S., D. Mayer, and P. Decker. 2006. “Alternative Routes to Teaching: The Impacts of Teach for America on Student Achievement and Other Outcomes.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 25 (1): 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.20157.
  • Golann, J. 2015. “The Paradox of Success at a No-Excuses School.” Sociology of Education 88 (2): 103–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038040714567866.
  • Goldenberg, B. M. 2014. “White Teachers in Urban Classrooms: Embracing Non-White Students’ Cultural Capital for Better Teaching and Learning.” Urban Education 49 (1): 111–144. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085912472510
  • Goodman, J. F. 2013. “Charter Management Organizations and the Regulated Environment: Is It Worth the Price?” Educational Researcher 42 (2): 89–96. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12470856.
  • Gorski, P. C. 2016. “Poverty and the Ideological Imperative: A Call to Unhook from Deficit and Grit Ideology and to Strive for Structural Ideology in Teacher Education.” Journal of Education for Teaching 42 (4): 378–386. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2016.1215546.
  • Gregory, A., and G. Roberts. 2017. “Teacher Beliefs and the Overrepresentation of Black Students in Classroom Discipline.” Theory into Practice 56 (3): 187–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405841.2017.1336035.
  • Grissom, J. A., and C. Redding. 2016. “Discretion and Disproportionality: Explaining the Underrepresentation of High-Achieving Students of Color in Gifted Programs.” AERA Open 2 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858415622175.
  • Haberman, M. 2010. “The Pedagogy of Poverty versus Good Teaching.” Phi Delta Kappan 92 (2): 81–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/003172171009200223.
  • Hafferty, F. W., and G. M. Finn. 2014. “The Hidden Curriculum and Anatomy Education.” In Teaching Anatomy, edited by L. Chan and W. Pawlina. Springer International Publishing.
  • Heilig, J. V., and S. J. Jez. 2010. Teach for America: A Review of the Evidence. Boulder and Tempe: Education and the Public Interest Center & Education Policy Research Unit. Accessed August 4, 2023 from http://epicpolicy.org/publication/teach-for-america.
  • Hernandez, F., and R. Endo, eds. 2017. “Developing and Supporting Critically Reflective Teachers.” In Developing and supporting critically reflective teachers: Diverse perspectives in the twenty-first century, 1–16. Amsterdam: Brill Sense.
  • Hirschfield, P. J. 2018. “The Role of Schools in Sustaining Juvenile Justice System Inequality.” The Future of Children 28 (1): 11–36. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2018.0001.
  • Hodgkinson, H. 2002. “Demographics and Teacher Education.” Journal of Teacher Education 53 (2): 102–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487102053002002.
  • Hurley, E. A., A. W. Boykin, and B. A. Allen. 2005. “Communal versus Individual Learning of a Math-Estimation Task: African American Children and the Culture of Learning Contexts.” The Journal of Psychology 139 (6): 513–527. https://doi.org/10.3200/jrlp.139.6.513-528.
  • Irizarry, J. G. 2009. “Reinvigorating Multicultural Education Through Youth Participatory Action Research.” Multicultural Perspectives 11 (4): 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/15210960903445905.
  • Irvine, J. J. 1990. Black Students and School Failure: Policies, Practices, and Prescriptions. Greenwood Press.
  • Johnson, M. 2015. “Teacher Perceptions and the Impacts on the Academic Achievement of Minority Students From Low-Socioeconomic Backgrounds.” EdD diss., Northcentral University.
  • Jupp, J. C., T. R. Berry, and T. J. Lensmire. 2016. “Second-Wave White Teacher Identity Studies: A Review of White Teacher Identity Literatures from 2004 Through 2014.” Review of Educational Research 86 (4): 1151–1191. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316629798.
  • Kaur, J. 2019. “Understanding Disproportionality Part 4: TAC-D’s Culturally Responsive Education Framework and Equity Teams.” April 12. https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/metrocenter/perspectives/understanding-disproportionality-part-4-tac-ds-culturally-responsive.
  • Keierleber, M. 2019. “America Divided: Public Support for Charter Schools is Growing — but so is Opposition, New Poll Finds.” Medium. August 20. https://the74million.medium.com/america-divided-public-support-for-charter-schools-is-growing-but-so-is-opposition-new-poll-fb2052f87233.
  • Ladson-Billings, G. 2009. The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African American Children. Jossey-Bass.
  • Ladson-Billings, G. 2021. “I’m Here for the Hard Re-Set: Post Pandemic Pedagogy to Preserve Our Culture.” Equity & Excellence in Education 54 (1): 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2020.1863883.
  • Lopez Kershen, J., J. M. Weiner, and C. Torres. 2018. “Control as Care: How Teachers in “No excuses” Charter Schools Position Their Students and Themselves.” Equity & Excellence in Education 51 (3–4): 265–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2018.1539359.
  • Losen, D., and R. Skiba. 2010. Suspended Education: Urban Middle Schools in Crisis. Civil Rights Project/Proyecto Derechos Civiles. UCLA.
  • Lowry, L. 1993. The Giver. Houghton Mifflin.
  • Marsh, L. T. S. 2017. “Success at a price: Exploring how a no-excuses charter school’s philosophies about success inform the everyday practices of teachers and its implications onworking-class students and their caregivers.“ Unpublished doctoral dissertation., New York University.
  • Marsh, L. T. S. 2018a. Symbolic violence: School-imposed labeling in a “no-excuses” charter school. https://doi.org/10.17161/pn.v15i1.11945.
  • Marsh, L. T. S. 2018b. “What about students’ experiences: (Re)imagining success through photovoice at a high-achieving urban “no-excuses” charter school.” https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1032&context=intersections.
  • Marsh, L. T. S. 2020. “(Re)imagining success through photovoice: Highlighting a research and teaching strategy that could be useful in physics/STEM education.” Physics Education Research Conference Proceedings 303–308.https://doi.org/10.1119/perc.2020.pr.Marsh.
  • Marsh, L. T. S. 2021. “School-imposed labeling and the school-to-prison pipeline.” In Education: Global Disparities and Channels of Difference, Reading Against Racism, edited by S. Ahmad and E. Geist. Berghahn Books.
  • Marsh, L. T. S., and A. Smith. in press. “Relational resistance.” In Encyclopedia of Social Justice in Education, Volume: Teacher and Teacher Education, edited by M. Winn and L. Winn, R. Milner & J. Bennett, 1st ed. Bloomsbury.
  • Marsh, L. T. S., and A. Wilkerson. 2021. “White teachers’ Attempt at Critical Vigilance at One “No-excuses” Urban Charter School.” Teachers & Teaching 24 (1–4): 116–130. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2021.1933418.
  • Marx, S. 2006. Revealing the Invisible: Confronting Passive Racism in Teacher Education. Routledge.
  • McLaren, P. 2002. “Critical Pedagogy: A Look at the Major Concepts.” In The Critical Pedagogy Reader, edited by A. Darder, M. Baltodano, and R. D. Torres. New York.
  • Mellom, P. J., R. Straubhaar, C. Balderas, M. Ariail, and P. R. Portes. 2018. “They Come with Nothing: How Professional Development in a Culturally Responsive Pedagogy Shapes Teacher Attitudes Towards Latino/A English Language Learners.” Teaching and Teacher Education 71:98–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.12.013.
  • National Association of Charter School Authorizers. n.d. Charter School Pipeline Analysis. https://www.qualitycharters.org/research/pipeline/analysis/.
  • National Commission on Excellence in Education (NCEE). 1983. A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform. National Commission on Excellence in Education (NCEE). Washington, DC.
  • National Public Radio/Ipsos poll. 2022, August 18. On Immigration, Most Buying into Idea of “Invasion” at Southern Border. https://www.ipsos.com/sites/default/files/ct/news/documents/2022-08/NPR%20Immigration%20Topline%20%2B%20PR%2008.17.22.pdf.
  • Ogbu, J. 2003. Black American students in an affluent suburb: A study of academic disengagement. Routledge.
  • Paris, D. 2012. “Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy: A Needed Change in Stance, Terminology, and Practice.” Educational Researcher 41 (3): 93–97. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x12441244.
  • Ray, V. 2019. “A Theory of Racialized Organizations.” American Sociological Review 84 (1): 26–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122418822335.
  • Rist, R. C. 1970. “Student Social Class and Teacher Expectations: The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Ghetto Education.” Harvard Educational Review 40 (3): 411–451. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.40.3.h0m026p670k618q3.
  • Rosenthal, R., and L. Jacobson. 1968. “Pygmalion in the Classroom.” The Urban Review 3 (1): 16–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02322211.
  • Rothstein, R. (2008, April 7). “Nation at Risk’twenty-Five Years Later.“https://www.cato-unbound.org/2008/04/07/richard-rothstein/nation-risk-twenty-five-years-later/.
  • Rubin, H., and K. Rubin. 2012. Qualitative Interviewing. 3rd ed. Sage.
  • Saldaña, J. 2015. The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. Sage.
  • Schneider, J. 2017. “Marching Forward, Marching in Circles: A History of Problems and Dilemmas in Teacher Preparation.” Journal of Teacher Education 69 (4): 330–340. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487117742904.
  • Sojoyner, D. 2013. “Black Radicals Make for Bad Citizens: Undoing the Myth of the School to Prison Pipeline.” Berkeley Review of Education 4 (2): 241–263. https://doi.org/10.5070/b84110021.
  • Sondel, B. 2015. “Raising Citizens or Raising Test Scores: The Development of the Neoliberal Citizen in ‘No-excuses’ Charter Schools.” Theory and Research in Social Education 43 (3): 289–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2015.1064505.
  • Sondel, B., K. Kretchmar, and A. Hadley Dunn. 2019. ““Who Do These People Want Teaching Their Children?” White Saviorism, Colorblind Racism, and Anti-Blackness in “No Excuses” Charter Schools.” Urban Education 57 (9): 1621–1650. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085919842618.
  • Taie, S., and R. Goldring. 2018. “Characteristics of Public Elementary and Secondary School Teachers in the United States: Results from the 2015–16 National Teacher and Principal Survey First Look (NCES 2017-072rev).” U.S. Department of Education: National Center for Education Statistics. http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.ap?pubid=2017072rev.
  • Thernstrom, A., and S. Thernstrom. 2004. No Excuses: Closing the Racial Gap in Learning. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
  • Tobias, S., C. Cole, M. Zibrin, and V. Bodlakova. 1982. “Teacher-Student Ethnicity and Recommendations for Special Education Referrals.” Journal of Educational Psychology 74 (1): 72–76.
  • Torres, A. C. 2019. “If They Come Here, Will They Fit? A Case Study of an Urban No- Excuses Charter Management Organization’s Teacher Hiring Process.” Urban Education 58 (3): 367–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085919860564.
  • Tyson, K. 2003. “Notes from the Back of the Room: Problems and Paradoxes in the Schooling of Young Black Students.” Sociology of Education 76 (4): 326–343. https://doi.org/10.2307/1519869.
  • U.S. Department of Education. (2017, January 13). “Fiscal Year 2017 Grants to Charter Management Organizations for the Replication and Expansion of High-Quality Charter Schools Competition Correction Notice and Reopening of Competition.“ https://www2.ed.gov/programs/charter-rehqcs/applicant.html.
  • U.S. Department of Education. 2019. “National Center for Education Statistics, Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), ‘Public School Teacher Data File,’ ‘Charter School Teacher Data File,’ ‘Public School Data File,’ and ‘Charter School Data File,’ 1999–2000; and National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS), ‘Public School Teacher Data File,’ 2017–18.” https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d19/tables/dt19_209.22.asp.
  • U.S. Department of Education. 2020. “National Center for Education Statistics, Common Core of Data (CCD), ‘State Nonfiscal Survey of Public Elementary and Secondary Education,’ 1995–96 Through 2018–19; and National Elementary and Secondary Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity Projection Model, 1972 Through 2029.” https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d20/tables/dt20_203.50.asp.
  • Valenzuela, A. 1999. Subtractive Schooling. State University of New York Press.
  • von Eckartsberg, R. 1998. “Existential-Phenomenological Research.” In Phenomenological Inquiry in Psychology, edited by R. Valle, 21–61, Plenum Press.
  • Whitman, D. 2008. Sweating the Small Stuff: Inner-City Schools and the New Paternalism. Washington, DC: Thomas B. Fordham Foundation & Institute.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.