Oxidatively damaged DNA in animals exposed to particles

References

• Albrecht C, Knaapen AM, Becker A, et al. (2005). The crucial role of particle surface reactivity in respirable quartz-induced reactive oxygen/nitrogen species formation and APE/Ref-1 induction in rat lung. Respir Res, 6, 129
   Google Scholar
• Aoki Y, Sato H, Nishimura N, et al. (2001). Accelerated DNA adduct formation in the lung of the Nrf2 knockout mouse exposed to diesel exhaust. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 173, 154–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayres JG, Borm P, Cassee FR, et al. (2008). Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles by measuring oxidative stress potential – a workshop report and consensus statement. Inhal Toxicol, 20, 75–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bai N, Kido T, Suzuki H, et al. (2011). Changes in atherosclerotic plaques induced by inhalation of diesel exhaust. Atherosclerosis, 216, 299–306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Baan RA, Grosse Y, et al. (2012). Carcinogenecity of diesel-engine and gasoline-engine exhausts and some nitroarenes. Lancet Oncol, 13, 663–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergeron F, Auvre F, Radicella JP, et al. (2010). HO* radicals induce an unexpected high proportion of tandem base lesions refractory to repair by DNA glycosylases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107, 5528–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermudez E, Mangum JB, Asgharian B, et al. (2002). Long-term pulmonary responses of three laboratory rodent species to subchronic inhalation of pigmentary titanium dioxide particles. Toxicol Sci, 70, 86–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bermudez E, Mangum JB, Wong BA, et al. (2004). Pulmonary responses of mice, rats, hamsters to subchronic inhalation of ultrafine titanium dioxide particles. Toxicol Sci, 77, 347–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernstein DM. (2007). Synthetic vitreous fibers: a review toxicology, epidemiology and regulations. Crit Rev Toxicol, 37, 839–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bihari P, Vippola M, Schultes S, et al. (2008). Optimized dispersion of nanoparticles for biological in vitro and in vivo studies. Part Fibre Toxicol, 5, 14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borm PJ, Robbins D, Haubold S, et al. (2006). The potential risks of nanomaterials: a review carried out for ECETOC. Part Fibre Toxicol, 3, 11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borm PJ, Schins RP, Albrecht C. (2004). Inhaled particles and lung cancer, part B: paradigms and risk assessment. Int J Cancer, 110, 3–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borm PJ, Tran L, Donaldson K. (2011). The carcinogenic action of crystalline silica: a review of the evidence supporting secondary inflammation-driven genotoxicity as a principal mechanism. Crit Rev Toxicol, 41, 756–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borzone GR, Liberona LF, Bustamante AP, et al. (2009). Differences in lung glutathione metabolism may account for rodent susceptibility in elastase-induced emphysema development. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 296, R1113–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdon JA, Saber AT, Jacobsen NR, et al. (2012). Carbon black nanoparticle instillation induces sustained inflammation and genotoxicity in mouse lung and liver. Part Fibre Toxicol, 9, 5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadet J, Loft S, Olinski R, et al. (2012). Biologically relevant oxidants and terminology, classification and nomenclature of oxidatively generated damage to nucleobases and 2-deoxyribose in nucleic acids. Free Radic Res, 46, 367–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadet J, Poulsen H. (2010). Measurement of oxidatively generated base damage in cellular DNA and urine. Free Radic Biol Med, 48, 1457–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Card JW, Jonaitis TS, Tafazoli S, et al. (2011). An appraisal of the published literature on the safety and toxicity of food-related nanomaterials. Crit Rev Toxicol, 41, 22–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter JM, Corson N, Driscoll KE, et al. (2006). A comparative dose-related response of several key pro- and antiinflammatory mediators in the lungs of rats, mice, hamsters after subchronic inhalation of carbon black. J Occup Environ Med, 48, 1265–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collins AR, Cadet J, Möller L, et al. (2004). Are we sure we know how to measure 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA from human cells? Arch Biochem Biophys, 423, 57–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke MS, Loft S, Olinski R, et al. (2010). Recommendations for standardized description of and nomenclature concerning oxidatively damaged nucleobases in DNA. Chem Res Toxicol, 23, 705–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooke MS, Olinski R, Loft S, et al. (2008). Measurement and meaning of oxidatively modified DNA lesions in urine. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 17, 3–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen PH, Loft S, Jacobsen NR, et al. (2010). Oxidative stress, inflammation and DNA damage in rats after intratracheal instillation or oral exposure to ambient air and wood smoke particulate matter. Toxicol Sci, 118, 574–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen PH, Loft S, Kocbach A, et al. (2009). Oxidative damage to DNA and repair induced by Norwegian wood smoke particles in human A549 and THP-1 cell lines. Mutat Res, 674, 116–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen PH, Loft S, Møller P. (2008a). DNA damage and cytotoxicity in type II lung epithelial (A549) cell cultures after exposure to diesel exhaust and urban street particles. Part Fibre Toxicol, 5, 6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen PH, Møller P, Jensen KA, et al. (2011). Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation induced by ambient air and wood smoke particulate matter in human A549 and THP-1 cell lines. Chem Res Toxicol, 24, 168–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen PH, Risom L, Wallin H, et al. (2008b). DNA damage in rats after a single oral exposure to diesel exhaust particles. Mutat Res, 637, 49–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dekkers S, Krystek P, Peters RJ, et al. (2011). Presence and risks of nanosilica in food products. Nanotoxicology, 5, 393–405
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demetriou CA, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Loft S, et al. (2012). Biomarkers of ambient air pollution and lung cancer: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med, 69, 619–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson K, Poland CA, Schins RP. (2010). Possible genotoxic mechanisms of nanoparticles: criteria for improved test strategies. Nanotoxicology, 4, 414–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donaldson K, Seaton A. (2012). A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles. Part Fibre Toxicol, 9, 13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dörger M, Allmeling AM, Neuber A, et al. (1997). Interspecies comparison of rat and hamster alveolar macrophage antioxidative and oxidative capacity. Environ Health Perspect, 105, 1309–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll KE, Costa DL, Hatch G, et al. (2000). Intratracheal instillation as an exposure technique for the evaluation of respiratory tract toxicity: uses and limitations. Toxicol Sci, 55, 24–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll KE, Deyo LC, Carter JM, et al. (1997). Effects of particle exposure and particle-elicited inflammatory cells on mutation in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis, 18, 423–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffin R, Tran L, Brown D, et al. (2007). Proinflammogenic effects of low-toxicity and metal nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro: highlighting the role of particle surface area and surface reactivity. Inhal Toxicol, 19, 849–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dybdahl M, Risom L, Bornholdt J, et al. (2004). Inflammatory and genotoxic effects of diesel particles in vitro and in vivo. Mutat Res, 562, 119–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dybdahl M, Risom L, Møller P, et al. (2003). DNA adduct formation and oxidative stress in colon and liver of Big Blue rats after dietary exposure to diesel particles. Carcinogenesis, 24, 1759–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elder A, Gelein R, Finkelstein JN, et al. (2005). Effects of subchronically inhaled carbon black in three species. I. Retention kinetics, lung inflammation, histopathology. Toxicol Sci, 88, 614–29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ESCODD (2003a). Comparative analysis of baseline 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in mammalian cell DNA, by different methods in different laboratories: an approach to consensus. Carcinogenesis, 23, 2129–33
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ESCODD (2003b). Measurement of DNA oxidation in human cells by chromatographic and enzymic methods. Free Radic Biol Med, 34, 1089–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans MD, Olinski R, Loft S, et al. (2010). Toward consensus in the analysis of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine as a noninvasive biomarker of oxidative stress. FASEB J, 24, 1249–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanizza C, Ursini CL, Paba E, et al. (2007). Cytotoxicity and DNA-damage in human lung epithelial cells exposed to respirable a-quartz. Toxicol in Vitro, 21, 586–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkmann JK, Risom L, Hansen CS, et al. (2007). Oxidatively damaged DNA and inflammation in the liver of dyslipidemic ApoE−/− mice exposed to diesel exhaust particles. Toxicology, 237, 134–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkmann JK, Risom L, Jacobsen NR, et al. (2009). Oxidatively damaged DNA in rats exposed by oral gavage to C60 fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes. Environ Health Perspect, 117, 703–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folkmann JK, Vesterdal L, Sheykhzade M, et al. (2012). Endothelial dysfunction in normal and prediabetic rats with metabolic syndrome exposed by oral gavage to carbon black nanoparticles. Toxicol Sci, 129, 98--107
   Google Scholar
• Forchhammer L, Loft S, Roursgaard M, et al. (2012). Expression of adhesion molecules, monocytes interactions and oxidative stress in human endothelial cells exposed to wood smoke and diesel exhaust particles. Toxicol Lett, 209, 121–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frikke-Schmidt H, Roursgaard M, Lykkesfeldt J, et al. (2011). Effect of vitamin C and iron chelation on diesel exhaust particle and carbon black induced oxidative damage and cell adhesion molecule expression in human endothelial cells. Toxicol Lett, 203, 181–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher J, Sams II R, Inmon J, et al. (2003). Formation of, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine in rat lung DNA following subchronic inhalation of carbon black. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 190, 224–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Girgis E, Khalil WK, Emam AN, et al. (2012). Nanotoxicity of gold and gold-cobalt nanoalloy. Chem Res Toxicol, 25, 1086–98
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hahn P, Song Y, Ying GS, et al. (2009). Age-dependent and gender-specific changes in mouse tissue iron by strain. Exp Gerontol, 44, 594–600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hainaut P, Pfeifer GP. (2001). Patterns of p53 G →T transversions in lung cancers reflect the primary mutagenic signature of DNA-damage by tobacco smoke. Carcinogenesis, 22, 367–74
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han SG, Andrews R, Gairola CG. (2010). Acute pulmonary response of mice to multi-wall carbon nanotubes. Inhal Toxicol, 22, 340–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han X, Gelein R, Corson N, et al. (2011). Validation of an LDH assay for assessing nanoparticle toxicity. Toxicology, 287, 99–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinrich U, Fuhst R, Rittinghausen S, et al. (1995). Chronic inhalation exposure of Wistar rats and two different strains of mice to diesel engine exhaust, carbon black, and titanium dioxide. Inhal Toxicol, 7, 533–56
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hemmingsen JG, Møller P, Nøjgaard JK, et al. (2011). Oxidative stress, genotoxicity, vascular cell adhesion molecule expression in cells exposed to particulate matter from combustion of conventional diesel and methyl ester biodiesel blends. Environ Sci Technol, 45, 8545–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hesterberg TW, Long CM, Bunn WB, et al. (2012). Health effects research and regulation of diesel exhaust: an historical overview focused on lung cancer risk. Inhal Toxicol, 24, 1–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ho M, Wu KY, Chein HM, et al. (2011). Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled nanoscale and fine zinc oxide particles: mass and surface area as an exposure metric. Inhal Toxicol, 23, 947–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoet PHM, Brüske-Hohlfelt I, Salata OV. (2004). Nanoparticles – known and unknown health risks. J Nanobiotechnol, 2, 12
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Huang SX, Jaurand MC, Kamp DW, et al. (2011). Role of mutagenicity in asbestos fiber-induced carcinogenicity and other diseases. J Toxicol Environ Health Part B, 14, 179–245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hwang YJ, Jeung YS, Seo MH, et al. (2010). Asian dust and titanium dioxide particles-induced inflammation and oxidative DNA damage in C57BL/6 mice. Inhal Toxicol, 22, 1127–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichinose T, Yajima Y, Nagashima M, et al. (1997a). Lung carcinogenesis and formation of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine in mice by diesel exhaust particles. Carcinogenesis, 18, 185–92
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ichinose T, Yamanushi T, Seto H, et al. (1997b). Oxygen radicals in lung carcinogenesis accompanying phagocytosis of diesel exhaust particles. Int J Oncol, 11, 571–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ILSI Risk Science Institute workshop participants. (2000). The relevance of the rat lung response to particle overload for human risk assessment: a workshop consensus report. Inhal Toxicol, 12, 1–17
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue K, Takano H, Yanagisawa R, et al. (2005). Effects of nano particles on antigen-related airway inflammation in mice. Respir Res, 6, 106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue K, Yanagisawa R, Koike E, et al. (2010). Repeated pulmonary exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes exacerbates allergic inflammation of the airway: possible role of oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med, 48, 924–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwai K, Adachi S, Takahashi M, et al. (2000). Early oxidative DNA damages and late development of lung cancer in diesel exhaust-exposed rats. Environ Res, 84, 255–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, Møller P, Cohn CA, et al. (2008a). Diesel exhaust particles are mutagenic in FE1-MutaTM Mouse lung epithelial cells. Mutat Res, 641, 54–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, Møller P, Jensen JA, et al. (2009). Lung inflammation and genotoxicity following pulmonary exposure to nanoparticles in ApoE−/− mice. Part Fibre Toxicol, 6, 2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, Pojana G, White P, et al. (2008b). Genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes and C60 fullerenes in the FE1-MutaTM Mouse lung epithelial cells. Environ Mol Mutagen, 49, 476–87
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, Saber AT, White P, et al. (2007). Increased mutant frequency by carbon black, but not quartz, in the lacZ and cII transgenes of muta mouse lung epithelial cells. Environ Mol Mutagen, 48, 451–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen NR, White PA, Gingerich J, et al. (2011). Mutation spectrum in FE1-MutaTM Mouse lung epithelial cells exposed to nanoparticulate carbon black. Environ Mol Mutagen, 52, 331–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson P, Hougaard KS, Boisen AM, et al. (2012). Pulmonary exposure to carbon black by inhalation or instillation in pregnant mice: effects on liver DNA strand breaks in dams and offspring. Nanotoxicology, 5, 486–500
   Google Scholar
• Jantzen K, Roursgaard M, Madsen CD, et al. (2012). Oxidative damage to DNA by diesel exhaust particle exposure in co-cultures f human lung epithelial cells and macrophages. Mutagenesis. 2012. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1093/mutage/ges035
   Google Scholar
• Jiang L, Nagai H, Ohara H, et al. (2008). Characteristics and modifying factors of asbestos-induced oxidative DNA damage. Cancer Sci, 99, 2142–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johansson C, Møller P, Forchhammer L, et al. (2010). An ECVAG trial on assessment of oxidative damage to DNA measured by the comet assay. Mutagenesis, 25, 125–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiiska MB, Gladen BC, Baird DD, et al. (2000). Biomarkers of oxidative stress study: are plasma antioxidants markers of CCl4 poisoning? Free Radic Biol Med, 28, 838–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiiska M, Gladen BC, Baird DD, et al. (2005a). Biomarkers of oxidative stress study II: are oxidation products of lipids, proteins, and DNA markers of CCl4 poisoning? Free Radic Biol Med, 38, 698–710.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiiska MB, Gladen BC, Baird DD, et al. (2005b). Biomarkers of oxidative stress study III. Effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents indomethacin and meclofenamic acid on measurements of oxidative products of lipids in CCl4 poisoning. Free Radic Biol Med, 38, 711–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadiiska MB, Hatch GE, Nyska A, et al. (2011). Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Study IV: ozone exposure of rats and its effect on antioxidants in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Free Radic Biol Med, 51, 1636–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaewamatawong T, Shimada A, Okajima M, et al. (2006). Acute and subacute pulmonary toxicity of low dose of ultrafine colloidal silica particles in mice after intratracheal instillation. Toxicol Pathol, 34, 958–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kain J, Karlsson HL, Möller L. (2012). DNA damage induced by micro- and nanoparticles-interaction with FPG influences the detection of DNA oxidation in the comet assay. Mutagenesis, 27, 491–500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson HL. (2010). The comet assay in nanotoxicology research. Anal Bioanal Chem, 398, 651–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson HL, Cronholm P, Gustafsson J, et al. (2008b). Copper oxide nanoparticles are highly toxic: a comparison between metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes. Chem Res Toxicol, 21, 1726–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson HL, Holgersson A, Möller L. (2008a). Mechanisms related to the genotoxicity of particles in the subway and from other sources. Chem Res Toxicol, 21, 726–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson HL, Nilsson L, Möller L. (2005). Subway particles are more genotoxic than street particles and induce oxidative stress in cultured human lung cells. Chem Res Toxicol, 18, 19–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato T, Totsuka Y, Ishino K, et al. (2012). Genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in both in vitro and in vivo assay systems. Nanotoxicology. 2012. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.3109/17435390.2012.674571
   Google Scholar
• Khalil WK, Girgis E, Emam AN, et al. (2011). Genotoxicity evaluation of nanomaterials: DNA damage, micronuclei, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine induced by magnetic doped CdSe quantum dots in male mice. Chem Res Toxicol, 24, 640–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knaapen AM, Albrecht C, Becker A, et al. (2002). DNA damage in lung epithelial cells isolated from rats exposed to quartz: role of surface reactivity and neutrophilic inflammation. Carcinogenesis, 23, 1111–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreyling WG, Cox C, Ferron GA, et al. (1993). Lung clearance in Long-Evans rats after inhalation of porous, monodisperse cobalt oxide particles. Exp Lung Res, 19, 445–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuehl PJ, Anderson TL, Candelaria G, et al. (2012). Regional particle size dependent deposition of inhaled aerosols in rats and mice. Inhal Toxicol, 24, 27–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam CW, James JT, McCluskey R, et al. (2004). Pulmonary toxicity of single-wall carbon nanotubes in mice 7 and 90 days after intratracheal instillation. Toxicol Sci, 77, 126–34
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lam PM, Misty V, Marczylo TH, et al. (2012). Rapid measurement of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanisine in human biological matrices using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Free Radic Biol Med, 52, 2057–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landsiedel R, Kapp MD, Schulz M, et al. (2009). Genotoxicity investigations on nanomaterials: methods, preparation and characterization of test material, potential artifacts and limitations – many questions, some answers. Mutat Res, 681, 241–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leach CL, Kuehl PJ, Chand R, et al. (2012). Characterization of respiratory deposition of fluticasone-salmeterol hydrofluoroalkane-134a and hydrofluoroalkane-134a beclomethasone in asthmatic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 108, 195–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann AD, Blank F, Baum O, et al. (2009). Diesel exhaust particles modulate the tight junction protein occludin in lung cells in vitro. Part Fibre Toxicol, 6, 26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li YJ, Kawada T, Takizawa H, et al. (2008b). Airway inflammatory responses to oxidative stress induced by prolonged low-dose diesel exhaust particle exposure from birth differ between mouse BALB/c and C57BL/6 strains. Exp Lung Res, 34, 125–39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li N, Xia T, Nel AE. (2008a). The role of oxidative stress in ambient particulate matter-induced lung diseases and its implications in the toxicity of engineered nanoparticles. Free Radic Biol Med, 44, 1689–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin CH, Yang MH, Chang LW, et al. (2011). Cd/Se/Te-based quantum dot 705 modulated redox homeostasis with hepatotoxicity in mice. Nanotoxicology, 5, 650–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Danielsen P, Løhr M, et al. (2012a). Urinary excretion of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as biomarker of oxidative damage to DNA. Arch Biochem Biophys, 518, 142–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Danielsen PH, Mikkelsen L, et al. (2008). Biomarkers of oxidative damage to DNA and repair. Biochem Soc Trans, 36, 1071–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Deng X-S, Tuo J, et al. (1998). Experimental study of oxidative DNA damage. Free Radic Res, 29, 525–39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Møller P. (2006). Oxidative DNA damage and human cancer: need for cohort studies. Antioxid Redox Signal, 8, 1021–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Svoboda P, Kasai H, et al. (2006). Prospective study of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine excretion and the risk of lung cancer. Carcinogenesis, 27, 1245–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft S, Svoboda P, Kawai K, et al. (2012b). Association between 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine excretion and risk of lung cancer in a prospective study. Free Radic Biol Med, 52, 167–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mauderly JL, Snipes MB, Barr EB, et al. (1994). Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled diesel exhaust and carbon black in chronically exposed rats – Part I: neoplastic and nonneoplastic lung lesions. HEI Res Rep, 68, 1–75
   Google Scholar
• McClellan RO, Hesterberg TW, Wall JC. (2012). Evaluation of carcinogenic hazard of diesel engine exhaust needs to consider revolutionary changes in diesel technology. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 63, 225–58
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Daneshvar B, Loft S, et al. (2003). Oxidative DNA damage in vitamin C supplemented guinea pigs after intratracheal instillation of diesel exhaust particles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 189, 39–44
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Folkmann JK, Danielsen PH, et al. (2012). Oxidative stress generated to DNA by gastrointestinal exposure to insoluble particles. Curr Mol Med, 12, 732–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Folkmann JK, Forchhammer L, et al. (2008). Air pollution, oxidative damage to DNA, carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett, 266, 84–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Friis G, Christensen PH, et al. (2004). Intra-laboratory comet assay sample scoring exercise for determination of formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase sites in human mononuclear blood cell DNA. Free Radic Res, 38, 1207–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Jacobsen NR, Folkmann JK, et al. (2010a). Role of oxidative damage in toxicity of particulates. Free Radic Res, 44, 1–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Loft S. (2010). Oxidative damage to DNA and lipids as biomarkers of exposure to air pollution. Environ Health Perspect, 118, 1126–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Løhr M, Folkmann JK, et al. (2010b). Aging and oxidatively damaged nuclear DNA in animal organs. Free Radic Biol Med, 48, 1275–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Mikkelsen L, Vesterdal LK, et al. (2011). Hazard identification of particulate matter on vasomotor dysfunction and progression of atherosclerosis. Crit Rev Toxicol, 41, 339–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Möller L, Godschalk RW, et al. (2010c). Assessment and reduction of comet assay variation in relation to DNA damage: studies from the European Comet Assay Validation Group. Mutagenesis, 25, 109–11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller P, Wallin H. (1998). Adduct formation, mutagenesis and nucleotide excision repair of DNA damage produced by reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation products. Mutat Res, 410, 271–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimoto Y, Hirohashi M, Kasai T, et al. (2009). Effect of polymerized toner on rat lung in chronic inhalation study. Inhal Toxicol, 21, 898–905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morimoto Y, Kim H, Oyabu T, et al. (2005). Negative effect of long-term inhalation of toner on formation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in DNA in the lungs of rats in vivo. Inhal Toxicol, 17, 749–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muller J, Delos M, Panin N, et al. (2009). Absence of carcinogenic response to multiwall carbon nanotubes in a 2-year bioassay in the peritoneal cavity of the rat. Toxicol Sci, 110, 442–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Müller AK, Farombi EO, Møller P, et al. (2004). DNA damage in lung after oral exposure to diesel exhaust particles in Big Blue((R)) rats. Mutat Res, 550, 123–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray AR, Kisin ER, Tkach AV, et al. (2012). Factoring-in agglomeration of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers for better prediction of their toxicity versus asbestos. Part Fibre Toxicol, 9, 10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutlu EA, Engen PA, Soberanes S, et al. (2011). Particulate matter air pollution causes oxidant-mediated increase in gut permeability in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol, 8, 19
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagashima M, Kasai H, Yokota J, et al. (1995). Formation of an oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, in mouse lung DNA after intratracheal instillation of diesel exhaust particles and effects of high dietary fat and beta-carotene on this process. Carcinogenesis, 16, 1441–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nehls P, Seiler F, Rehn B, et al. (1997). Formation and persistence of 8-oxoguanine in rat lung cells as an important determinant for tumor formation following particle exposure. Environ Health Perspect, 105, 1291–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikula KJ, Snipes MB, Barr EB, et al. (1995). Comparative pulmonary toxicities and carcinogenicities of chronically inhaled diesel exhaust and carbon black in F344 rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 25, 80–94
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Niwa Y, Hiura Y, Sawamura H, et al. (2008). Inhalation exposure to carbon black induces inflammatory response in rats. Circ J, 72, 144–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdörster G. (1995). Lung particle overload: implications for occupational exposures to particles. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 21, 123–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdörster G. (2002). Toxicokinetics and effects of fibrous and nonfibrous particles. Inhal Toxicol, 14, 29–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberdörster G, Maynard A, Donaldson K, et al. (2005). Principles for characterizing the potential human health effects from exposure to nanomaterials: elements of a screening strategy. Part Fibre Toxicol, 2, 8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olinski R, Gackowski D, Rozalski R, et al. (2003). Oxidative DNA damage in cancer patients: a cause or a consequence of the disease development? Mutat Res, 531, 177–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onuma K, Sato Y, Ogawara S, et al. (2009). Nano-scaled particles of titanium dioxide convert benign mouse fibrosarcoma cells into aggressive tumor cells. Am J Pathol, 175, 2171–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osier M, Oberdörster G. (1997). Intratracheal inhalation vs intratracheal instillation: differences in particle effects. Fundam Appl Toxicol, 40, 220–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pauluhn J, Wiemann M. (2011). Siderite. (FeCO3) and magnetite. (Fe3O4) overload-dependent pulmonary toxicity is determined by the poorly soluble particle not the iron content. Inhal Toxicol, 23, 763–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poland CA, Duffin R, Kinloch I, et al. (2008). Carbon nanotubes introduced into the abdominal cavity of mice show asbestos-like pathogenicity in a pilot study. Nat Nanotechnol, 3, 423–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pope III CA, Burnett RT, Thun MJ, et al. (2002). Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA, 287, 1132--41
   Google Scholar
• Rehn B, Seiler F, Rehn S, et al. (2003). Investigation on the inflammatory and genotoxic lung effects of two types of titanium dioxide: untreated and surface treated. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 189, 84–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reliene R, Hlavacova A, Mahadevan B, et al. (2005). Diesel exhaust particles cause increased levels of DNA deletions after transplacental exposure in mice. Mutat Res, 570, 245–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risom L, Dybdahl M, Bornholdt J, et al. (2003a). Oxidative DNA damage and defence gene expression in the mouse lung after short-term exposure to diesel exhaust particles by inhalation. Carcinogenesis, 24, 1847–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risom L, Dybdahl M, Møller P, et al. (2007a). Repeated inhalations of diesel exhaust particles and oxidatively damaged DNA in young oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) deficient mice. Free Radic Res, 41, 172–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risom L, Møller P, Dybdahl M, et al. (2007b). Dietary exposure to diesel exhaust particles and oxidatively damaged DNA in young oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, 1 deficient mice. Toxicol Lett, 175, 16–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risom L, Møller P, Hansen M, et al. (2003b). Dietary elevated sucrose modulation of diesel-induced genotoxicity in the colon and liver of Big Blue rats. Arch Toxicol, 77, 651–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Risom L, Møller P, Vogel U, et al. (2003c). X-ray-induced oxidative stress: DNA damage and gene expression of HO-1, ERCC1 and OGG1 in mouse lung. Free Radic Res, 37, 957–66
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saber AT, Jensen KA, Jacobsen NR, et al. (2012). Inflammatory and genotoxic effects of nanoparticles designed for inclusion in paints and lacquers. Nanotoxicology, 6, 453–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanbongi C, Takano H, Osakabe N, et al. (2003). Rosmarinic acid inhibits lung injury induced by diesel exhaust particles. Free Radic Biol Med, 34, 1060–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato H, Sone H, Sagai M, et al. (2000). Increase in mutation frequency in lung of Big Blue rat by exposure to diesel exhaust. Carcinogenesis, 21, 653–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato T, Takeno M, Honma K, et al. (2006). Heme oxygenase-1, a potential biomarker of chronic silicosis, attenuates silica-induced lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 174, 906–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schürkes C, Brock W, Abel J, et al. (2004). Induction of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine by man made vitreous fibres and crocidolite asbestos administered intraperitoneally in rats. Mutat Res, 553, 59–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiler F, Rehn B, Rehn S, et al. (2001a). Evidence of a no-effect level in silica-induced rat lung mutagenicity but not in fibrogenicity. Arch Toxicol, 74, 716–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiler F, Rehn B, Rehn S, et al. (2001b). Significant differences in the cellular and molecular reactions of rat and hamster lung after quartz exposure. Toxicol Lett, 119, 11–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiler F, Rehn B, Rehn S, et al. (2001c). Quartz exposure of the rat lung leads to a linear dose response in inflammation but not in oxidative DNA damage and mutagenicity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 24, 492–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seiler F, Rehn B, Rehn S, et al. (2004). Different toxic, fibrogenic and mutagenic effects of four commercial quartz flours in the rat lung. Int J Hyg Environ Health, 207, 115–24
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semmler M, Seitz J, Erbe F, et al. (2004). Long-term clearance kinetics of inhaled ultrafine insoluble iridium particles from the rat lung, including transient translocation into secondary organs. Inhal Toxicol, 16, 453–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma V, Singh P, Pandey AK, et al. (2012). Induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse liver after sub-acute oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Mutat Res, 745, 84–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shvedova AA, Kisin ER, Mercer R, et al. (2005). Unusual inflammatory and fibrogenic pulmonary responses to single-walled carbon nanotubes in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 289, L698–708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shvedova AA, Kisin E, Murray AR, et al. (2008). Inhalation vs. aspiration of single-walled carbon nanotubes in C57BL/6 mice: inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress, and mutagenesis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 295, L552–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith CC, O’Donovan MR, Martin EA. (2006). hOGG1 recognizes oxidative damage using the comet assay with greater specificity than FPG or ENDOIII. Mutagenesis, 21, 185–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Speit G, Schutz P, Bonzheim I, et al. (2004). Sensitivity of the FPG protein towards alkylation damage in the comet assay. Toxicol Lett, 146, 151–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stayner LT, Graber JM. (2011). Does exposure to coal dust prevent or cause lung cancer? Occup Environ Med, 68, 167–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoeger T, Reinhard C, Takenaka S, et al. (2006). Instillation of six different ultrafine carbon particles indicates a surface area threshold dose for acute lung inflammation in mice. Environ Health Perspect, 114, 328–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stone V, Johnston H, Schins RP. (2009). Development of in vitro systems for nanotoxicology: methodological considerations. Crit Rev Toxicol, 39, 613–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sturm R. (2007). A computer model for the clearance of insoluble particles from the tracheobronchial tree of the human lung. Comput Biol Med, 37, 680–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi A, Hirose A, Nishimura T, et al. (2008). Induction of mesothelioma in p53+/− mouse by intraperitoneal application of multi-wall carbon nanotube. J Toxicol Sci, 33, 105–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takata A, Yamauchi H, Toya T, et al. (2009). Forsterite exposure causes less oxidative DNA damage and lung injury than chrysotile exposure in rats. Inhal Toxicol, 21, 739–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takata A, Yamauchi H, Toya T, et al. (2011). Effectiveness of serum megakaryocyte potentiating factor in evaluating the effects of chrysotile and its heated products on respiratory organs. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 252, 123–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tellabati A, Fernandes VE, Teichert F, et al. (2010). Acute exposure of mice to high-dose ultrafine carbon black decreases susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia. Part Fibre Toxicol, 7, 30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson CM, Proctor DM, Haws LC, et al. (2011). Investigation of the mode of action underlying the tumorigenic response induced in B6C3F1 mice exposed orally to hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Sci, 123, 58–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thompson CM, Proctor DM, Suh M, et al. (2012). Comparison of the effects of hexavalent chromium in the alimentary canal of F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice following exposure in drinking water: implications for carcinogenic modes of action. Toxicol Sci, 125, 79–90
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiede K, Boxall AB, Tear SP, et al. (2008). Detection and characterization of engineered nanoparticles in food and the environment. Food Addit Contam, 25, 795–821
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tokiwa H, Sera N, Nakanishi Y. (2005). Involvement of alveolar macrophages in the formation of 8-oxodeoxyguanosine associated with exogenous particles in human lungs. Inhal Toxicol, 17, 577–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tokiwa H, Sera N, Nakanishi Y, et al. (1999). 8-Hydroxyguanosine formed in human lung tissue and the association with diesel exhaust particles. Free Radic Biol Med, 27, 1251–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trouiller B, Reliene R, Westbrook A, et al. (2009). Titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce DNA damage and genetic instability in vivo in mice. Cancer Res, 69, 8784–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsurudome Y, Hirano T, Yamato H, et al. (1999). Changes in levels of 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA, its repair and OGG1 mRNA in rat lungs after intratracheal administration of diesel exhaust particles. Carcinogenesis, 20, 1573–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unfried K, Schürkes C, Abel J. (2002). Distinct spectrum of mutations induced by crocidolite asbestos: clue for 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine-dependent mutagenesis in vivo. Cancer Res, 62, 99–104
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2002) Health assessment document for diesel engine exhaust. Prepared by the National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC, for the Office of Transportation and Air Quality; EPA/600/8-90/057F. Available from: National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA; PB2002-107661, and <http://www.epa.gov/ncea>
   Google Scholar
• Valberg PA, Crouch EA. (1999). Meta-analysis of rat lung tumors from lifetime inhalation of diesel exhaust. Environ Health Perspect, 107, 693–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Berlo D, Wessels A, Boots AW, et al. (2010). Neutrophil-derived ROS contribute to oxidative DNA damage induction by quartz particles. Free Radic Biol Med, 49, 1685–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Poppel G, Poulsen H, Loft S, et al. (1995). No influence of beta carotene on oxidative DNA damage in male smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst, 87, 310–11
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vecchio D, Arezzini B, Pecorelli A, et al. (2010). Reactivity of mouse alveolar macrophages to cigarette smoke is strain dependent. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 298, L704–13
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vesterdal LK, Mikkelsen L, Folkmann JK, et al. (2012). Carbon black nanoparticles and vascular dysfunction in cultured endothelial cells and artery segments. Toxicol Lett, 214, 19–26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warheit DB, Laurence BR, Reed KL, et al. (2004). Comparative pulmonary toxicity assessment of single-wall carbon nanotubes in rats. Toxicol Sci, 77, 117–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessels A, Birmili W, Albrecht C, et al. (2010). Oxidant generation and toxicity of size-fractionated ambient particles in human lung epithelial cells. Environ Sci Technol, 44, 3539–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wessels A, van Berlo D, Boots AW, et al. (2011). Oxidative stress and DNA damage responses in rat and mouse lung to inhaled carbon nanoparticles. Nanotoxicology, 5, 66–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamaguchi R, Hirano T, Ootsuyama Y, et al. (1999). Increased 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA and its repair activity in hamster and rat lung after intratracheal instillation of crocidolite asbestos. Jpn J Cancer Res, 90, 505–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamano Y, Kagawa J, Hanaoka T, et al. (1995). Oxidative DNA damage induced by silica in vivo. Environ Res, 69, 102–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamanushi TT, Ichinose T, Seto H, et al. (2001). The effect of dietary carotenoids on lung tumorigenesis induced by intratracheally instillated diesel exhaust particles. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo), 47, 32–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar