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Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition Volume 63, 2023 - Issue 33
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Systematic Review

White rice consumption and risk of cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Honghao Laia Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Mingyao Sunc Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Yafei Liua Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Hongfei Zhua Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Mengting Lia Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Bei Pand Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0370-9571View further author information
ORCID Icon,
Qi Wanga Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Qiuyu Yangc Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Xiao Caoc Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Chen Tiana Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Yao Lua Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Xuping Songa Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
View further author information
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Guowu Dinga Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Jinhui Tiand Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;e Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
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Kehu Yangd Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;e Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, ChinaView further author information
&
Long Gea Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;b Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China;e Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3555-1107View further author information
ORCID Icon show all
Pages 12476-12487 | Published online: 19 Jul 2022
 
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Abstract

White rice is the food more than half of the world’s population depends on. White rice intake can significantly increase the glycemic load of consumers and bring some adverse health effects. However, the quality of evidence implicating white rice in adverse health outcomes remains unclear. To evaluate the association between white rice consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of the relevant publications were performed. Twenty-three articles including 28 unique prospective cohorts with 1,527,198 participants proved eligible after a comprehensive search in four databases. For the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the pooled RR was 1.18 (16 more per 1000 persons) for comparing the highest with the lowest category of white rice intake, with moderate certainty evidence. Females presented a higher risk (23 more per 1000 persons) in subgroup analysis. And every additional 150 grams of white rice intake per day was associated with a 6% greater risk of T2DM (5 more per 1000 persons) with a linear positive trend. We found no significant associations between white rice intake and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), CVD mortality, cancer, and metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, moderate certainty evidence demonstrated that white rice intake was associated with T2DM risk, with a linear positive trend. However, low to very low certainty of evidence suggested that no substantial associations were found between white rice intake and other cardiometabolic and cancer outcomes. More cohorts are needed to strength the evidence body.

Disclosure statement

All authors report there are no competing interests to declare.

Data availability statement

All data are freely available within the appendices. No additional data is available.

Additional information

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency.

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