Requests to children by parents with aphasia

Figures & data

Table 1. Overview: Demographic and medical information of participants with aphasia who recorded conversations with their children

Parent with aphasia (age, profession)	Gender	Aetiology and lesion side	Type of aphasia^4	Severityof aphasia^4	Family members: spouse (age, profession), children (age)
Udo (50, lawyer)	M	Ischemic left middle cerebral artery stroke	Anomic aphasia	Mild	Tina (43, housewife), Florian (12), Annika (14)
Tim (38, truck driver)	M	Extensive cerebral haemorrhage in the left temporal lobe	Anomic aphasia	Mild	Julia (36, part-time carpenter), Anna (9)
Norbert (46, senior businessman)	M	Ischemic left middle cerebral artery stroke	Initially: global aphasia, After 1 year: Broca’s aphasia	Severe	Marina (36, part-time office clerk), Florian (1), Hannah (14), Denise (18)

Table 2. Requests for action

Person	Total time per person	Total requests per person
Tim	04:04:00	13
Norbert	03:53:00	25
Udo	01:20:00	7

Extract 1. Chin

Extract 2. Money

Extract 3. Piece

Extract 4. Puzzle

Image 1. Line 3: Norbert makes a hand movement from left to right – indicating ‘NO’ (image: Pointon, 2018; arrows added by first author)

Image 2. Line 4: Norbert holds his open hand up – indicating ‘STOP’ (image: Pointon, 2018)

Extract 5. Dice

Table

Sequential structure
[] []	Overlap and simultaneous talk
=	fast, immediate continuation with a new turn or segment (latching)
In- and outbreaths
°h/h°	in-/ outbreaths of appr. 0.2-0.5 sec. duration
°hh/hh°	in-/ outbreaths of appr. 0.5-0.8 sec. duration
°hhh/hhh°	in-/ outbreaths of appr. 0.8-1.0 sec. duration
Pauses
(.)	micro pause, estimated, up to 0.2 sec. duration appr.
(-)	short estimated pause of appr. 0.2-0.5 sec. duration
(–)	intermediary estimated pause of appr. 0.5-0.8 sec. duration
(—)	longer estimated pause of appr. 0.8-1.0 sec. duration
(0.5)/(2.0)	measured pause of appr. 0.5/2.0 sec. duration (to tenth of a second)
Other segmental conventions
:	lengthening, by about 0.2-0.5 sec.
::	lengthening, by about 0.5-0.8 sec.
:::	lengthening, by about 0.8-1.0 sec.
ʔ	cut-off by glottal closure
and_uh	cliticizations within units
uh, uhm, etc.	hesitation markers, so-called “filled pauses”
Laughter and crying
haha, hehe, hihi	syllabic laughter
((laughs)), ((cries))	description of laughter and crying
< <laughing> >	laughter particles accompanying speech with indication of scope
≪:-)> so>	smile voice
Continuers
hm, yes, no, yeah	monosyllabic tokens
hm_hm, ye_es, no_o	bi-syllabic tokens
ʔhmʔhm	with glottal closure, often negating
Accentuation
SYLlable	focus accent
sYllable	secondary accent
!SYL!lable	extra strong accent
Final pitch movements of intonation phrases
?	rising to high
,	rising to mid
-	level
;	falling to mid
.	falling to low
Pitch jumps
↑	smaller pitch upstep
↓	smaller pitch downstep
↑↑	larger pitch upstep
↓↓	larger pitch downstep
Changes in pitch register
≪l> >	lower pitch register
≪h> >	higher pitch register
Intralinear notation of accent pitch movements
`SO	falling
́ ́SO	rising
-SO	level
ˆSO	rising-falling
ˇSO	falling-rising
↑`	small pitch upstep to the peak of the accented syllable
↓ ́	small pitch downstep to the valley of the accented syllable
↑ ̄SO bzw. ↓ ̄SO	pitch jumps to higher or lower level accented syllables
↑↑`SO bzw. ↓↓ ́SO	larger pitch upsteps or downsteps to the peak or valley of the accented syllable
Loudness and tempo changes, with scope
≪f> >	forte, loud
≪ff> >	fortissimo, very loud
≪p> >	piano, soft
≪pp> >	pianissimo, very soft
≪all> >	allegro, fast
≪len> >	lento, slow
≪cresc> >	crescendo, increasingly louder
≪dim> >	diminuendo, increasingly softer
≪acc> >	accelerando, increasingly faster
≪rall> >	rallentando, increasingly slower
Changes in voice quality and articulation, with scope
≪creaky> >	glottalized
≪whispery> >	change in voice quality as stated
Other conventions
≪surprised> >	interpretive comment with indication of scope
((coughs))	non- verbal vocal actions and events
≪coughing> >	… with indication of scope
()	unintelligible passage
(xxx), (xxxxxx)	one or two unintelligible syllables
(may i)	assumed wording
(may i say/let us say)	possible alternatives
((unintelligible, appr. 3 sec))	unintelligible passage with indication of duration
((…))	omission in transcript
–>	refers to a line of transcript relevant in the argument

Table

t:/h: ^/*	representing non-verbal behavior (e.g. gestures, movements and gaze)
?:	unknown speaker

Pointon, K. D. (2018). Hand 5. https://openclipart.org/detail/293196/hand-5

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