Embedding planning support systems in spatial planning practice: the role of drift in implementing the Spatial Development Framework methodology

Figures & data

Figure 1. Theoretical research model.

Source: Adapted from Davis, Bagozzi, and Warshaw (1989, Figure 2) and Ciborra (2002, Figure 5.1).

Table 1. Respondents’ understanding and perception of the SDF methodology.

Respondent group	Understanding and perception
Early adopters	‘SDF has introduced spatial components to land use planning and have identified the unbalanced distribution of Functions across districts (interviewee 6).’
Trained potential users	‘SDF can integrate spatial components into policy implementation. Then it makes your work easier and faster (interviewee 1).’
	‘SDF will help in the decision-making process for projects prioritisation during selection and implementation (interviewee 4).’
	‘SDF makes decision-making for policy development and implementation easier (interviewee 3).’

Table 2. Behavioural intention to use the SDF methodology by trained potential users.

Behavioural intention to use	Attitude
Highlight potentials of actual use	‘Yeah, it is the best tool..implementation right now will be helpful to avoid the duplication of spatial functions across the region … if we can use it this year to start the planning for 2020–2021, it will be helpful (interviewee 1).’
	‘If staff are adequately trained, use of SDF will be effortless (interviewee 3).’
	‘SDF will contribute to the efficiency of my roles at the district if implemented (interviewee 3).’
	‘SDF will make planning, monitoring and implementation easier. In terms of infrastructure development, it enhances identification, prioritisation and selection for implementation. Collaboration with regions for planning and implementation will be improved (interviewee 4).’
Cannot ascertain actual use	‘SDF is difficult to understand, adoption for use might be a bit challenging (interviewee 4).’

Table 3. Drift in SDF implementation.

Respondent group	Highlighted drift in SDF implementation
Early adopters	‘MININFRA has to work officially with the ministry in charge of finance and planning, MINECOFIN. Of course, I can plan good things, but when you have the money, you are the boss. How SDF can be embedded in the land use process at the national level starts from MINECOFIN. Then at the district, it goes through MINALOC (interviewee 6).’
	‘There is a need to have SDF approved by the government so that institutions adopt it, and their results are integrated into the planning (interviewee 7).’
Trained potential users	‘Adoption of the SDF has to start at the central levels, especially from ministries, departments and agencies in charge of district level coordination (e.g. MINALOC, MINECOFIN, LODA). … Although MININFRA is the facilitating agency for SDF adoption in land use planning, MINECOFIN should be the lead agency for adoption based on the performance contract evaluation, and approval for districts is their responsibility (interviewee 3).’
	‘SDF development, adoption and implementation are dynamic and ongoing processes and need to involve all central agencies, which will encourage adoption at the district level. It is important based on the top-down nature of the land use process. Lack of implementation policy for SDF across the national and district levels is the major limitation to adoption (interviewee 5).’

Figure 2. Required drift in the SDF methodology implementation.

Davis, F. D., R. P. Bagozzi, and P. R. Warshaw. 1989. “User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of two Theoretical Models.” Management Science 35 (8): 982–1003.

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Ciborra, C. 2002. The Labyrinths of Information: Challenging the Wisdom of Systems. New York: Oxford University Press Inc.

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