Who would never grant them equal rights? A comparative analysis of welfare chauvinism in Central and Eastern Europe

Figures & data

Figure 1. Percentage of individuals across countries stating that immigrants should never get the same rights.

Figure 2. Percentage of individuals stating that immigrants should never get the same rights in CEE, 2008 and 2016.

Table 1. Linear regression of welfare chauvinism in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland and Slovenia.

	Czech Republic	Estonia	Hungary	Lithuania	Poland	Slovenia
Gender	0.007	−0.006	0.044	−0.076	−0.000	0.069
	(0.052)	(0.042)	(0.055)	(0.053)	(0.045)	(0.054)
Age	0.002	0.000	0.000	−0.000	−0.001	−0.001
	(0.002)	(0.001)	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.001)	(0.002)
Education	0.004	−0.015*	−0.031**	−0.001	−0.007	−0.010
	(0.008)	(0.006)	(0.010)	(0.010)	(0.007)	(0.009)
Urban	0.037	−0.064***	0.051*	0.002	0.003	−0.018
	(0.020)	(0.016)	(0.022)	(0.024)	(0.020)	(0.024)
Income	−0.077*	−0.036	0.079	−0.019	−0.084	−0.046
	(0.035)	(0.031)	(0.043)	(0.037)	(0.043)	(0.039)
Unemployed	−0.212	0.046	0.210	−0.019	0.110	−0.162
	(0.133)	(0.131)	(0.205)	(0.188)	(0.110)	(0.152)
Satisfied with economy	−0.050***	−0.019	0.021	0.007	−0.005	−0.025
	(0.014)	(0.012)	(0.019)	(0.015)	(0.012)	(0.015)
Satisfied with health services	−0.047***	−0.008	−0.019	−0.076***	−0.024*	−0.006
	(0.014)	(0.010)	(0.015)	(0.014)	(0.010)	(0.013)
Left-right spectrum	0.033*	0.017	0.080***	0.034*	0.006	0.013
	(0.013)	(0.013)	(0.012)	(0.016)	(0.010)	(0.013)
Reduce income differences	0.018	0.017	0.183***	0.070*	0.030	−0.075*
	(0.024)	(0.025)	(0.036)	(0.030)	(0.023)	(0.032)
Same race/Ethnicity	0.083*	0.119***	0.071**	0.366***	0.102**	0.046
	(0.041)	(0.029)	(0.027)	(0.039)	(0.036)	(0.044)
Different race/ethnicity	0.266***	0.159***	0.383***	0.151***	0.164***	0.251***
	(0.044)	(0.032)	(0.045)	(0.043)	(0.033)	(0.043)
N	1957	1664	1285	1616	1367	1037
R^2	0.110	0.095	0.225	0.252	0.074	0.103

Standard errors in parentheses * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.

Table

	Czech Republic	Estonia	Hungary	Lithuania	Poland	Slovenia
Immediately on arrival	5,36	5,19	2,24	5,48	3,93	3,39
After living in [country] for a year, whether or not they have worked	4,16	5,1	3,86	7,3	5,13	8,21
Only after they have worked and paid taxes for at least a year	31,99	46,78	35,49	44,04	40,81	34,64
Once they have become a [country] citizen	34,87	37,06	26,88	27,22	43,06	46,7
They should never get the same rights	23,62	5,87	31,53	15,96	7,07	7,06

Table

	Czech Republic	Estonia	Hungary	Lithuania	Poland	Slovenia
	Coef	Coef	Coef	Coef	Coef	Coef
Gender	0.003	−0.001	0.052	−0.089	−0.018	0.083
	(0.053)	(0.045)	(0.053)	(0.059)	(0.047)	(0.057)
Age	0.003	0.000	0.000	−0.001	−0.000	−0.002
	(0.002)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.002)	(0.001)	(0.002)
Education	0.010	−0.012	−0.030**	0.007	−0.007	−0.010
	(0.008)	(0.007)	(0.009)	(0.011)	(0.008)	(0.009)
Urban	0.041	−0.057**	0.049*	−0.038	−0.000	−0.023
	(0.021)	(0.018)	(0.022)	(0.027)	(0.021)	(0.026)
Income	−0.076*	−0.050	0.123**	0.012	−0.085	−0.020
	(0.036)	(0.033)	(0.044)	(0.043)	(0.045)	(0.043)
Unemployed	−0.193	0.110	0.138	0.153	0.115	−0.114
	(0.136)	(0.140)	(0.231)	(0.204)	(0.104)	(0.154)
Satisfied with economy	−0.048***	−0.014	0.005	0.011	−0.005	−0.027
	(0.014)	(0.013)	(0.015)	(0.017)	(0.012)	(0.015)
Satisfied with health services	−0.051***	−0.005	−0.016	−0.055***	−0.018	−0.015
	(0.015)	(0.011)	(0.013)	(0.015)	(0.011)	(0.015)
Left-right spectrum	0.034**	0.018	0.081***	0.032*	0.004	0.013
	(0.013)	(0.013)	(0.011)	(0.016)	(0.010)	(0.013)
Reduce income differences	0.019	0.011	0.198***	0.075*	0.029	−0.069*
	(0.025)	(0.027)	(0.035)	(0.033)	(0.024)	(0.033)
Same race/Ethnicity	0.073	0.113***	0.091***	0.396***	0.087*	0.047
	(0.042)	(0.031)	(0.026)	(0.044)	(0.037)	(0.047)
Different race/ethnicity	0.279***	0.137***	0.372***	0.157**	0.185***	0.252***
	(0.045)	(0.034)	(0.044)	(0.050)	(0.034)	(0.045)
N	1834	1467	1175	1264	1222	928
R2	11.27	07.59	26.36	25.13	08.00	10.27

Standard errors in parentheses * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001