Well-being among Arab teachers in Israel during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study

Figures & data

Table 1. Correlates, Means, SDs, and ranges of study variables (N = 299).

Variables		Well-being	Digital literacy	Resilience	Job support
1. Well-being	-
2. Digital literacy	.12*		-
3. Resilience	.26**		.32**	-
4. Job support	.24**		.16**	.19**	-
Mean	4.11		3.72	3.16	3.28
SD	.93		.67	.49	.58
Range	1–6		1–5	1–5	1–5

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; SD=Standard deviation.

Table 2. Regression analysis for well-being among Arabs teachers (n = 299).

	B	SE	β	p	Adj.R^2
Step 1				<.001	.080
Gender-female	0.06	0.13	.03	.658
Teaching seniority	0.02	0.01	.18	.004
Step 2				<.001	.203
Gender-female	0.10	0.13	.05	.433
Teaching seniority	0.02	0.01	.16	.005
Digital literacy	0.03	0.09	.02	.753
Resilience	0.33	0.13	.17	.011
Job support	0.14	0.10	.09	.145

F(8, 256) = 9.41, p < .001.

Table 3. Summary of qualitative findings.

Theme	Categories
Theme 1: ‘I no longer recognize my job’: How teachers coped with online teaching	The shift to online distance teaching required adjusting lesson plans and investing resources and caused feelings of exhaustion and frustration The teachers reported difficulties in developing personal contact with students and fears about their emotional and academic situation Using the Zoom platform also created new opportunities for learning and creativity
Theme 2 – ‘Even when I’m home, I’m not really there’: Conflict between work and family during the COVID-19 pandemic	Work demands and requirements trickled into the home and family environment The teachers felt frustrated and guilty, mainly with respect to their own children Blurring the boundaries caused difficulties in managing home and work routines, leading to intolerance, fatigue, and tension The family unit was strengthened during this period, primarily among teachers with adolescent children
Theme 3 – ‘Between a warm hug and a cold shoulder’: Sources of support during the COVID-19 pandemic	Most teachers received support from professional teaching staff and described a sense of partnership, encouragement, and help Some described feeling isolated at work