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Mycology
An International Journal on Fungal Biology
Volume 14, 2023 - Issue 4
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Research Article

Mycotoxins from Alternaria panax, the specific plant pathogen of Panax ginseng

, , , , , , , & show all
Pages 381-392 | Received 04 Jun 2023, Accepted 27 Sep 2023, Published online: 01 Nov 2023

Figures & data

Figure 1. Phytotoxic activities of EtOAc crude extract against leaves of panax ginseng. 75% ethanol (control) (a), the EtOAc crude extract (b).

Figure 1. Phytotoxic activities of EtOAc crude extract against leaves of panax ginseng. 75% ethanol (control) (a), the EtOAc crude extract (b).

Figure 2. Structures of tyrosol (1), 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid (2), and 3-benzylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (3).

Figure 2. Structures of tyrosol (1), 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid (2), and 3-benzylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (3).

Figure 3. 1H, 13C-NMR of compound 1.

Figure 3. 1H, 13C-NMR of compound 1.

Figure 4. 1H-NMR of compound 2.

Figure 4. 1H-NMR of compound 2.

Figure 5. 1H, 13C-NMR of compound 3.

Figure 5. 1H, 13C-NMR of compound 3.

Figure 6. Phytotoxic activity of tyrosol (1) (a), 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid (2) (b), and 3-benzylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (3) (c) at 5 × 10−3 mol. 75% ethanol was used as the control (d).

Figure 6. Phytotoxic activity of tyrosol (1) (a), 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid (2) (b), and 3-benzylpiperazine-2, 5-dione (3) (c) at 5 × 10−3 mol. 75% ethanol was used as the control (d).

Figure 7. UPLC-ESI-TOF/MS/MS profiles of standard sample of DBP.

Figure 7. UPLC-ESI-TOF/MS/MS profiles of standard sample of DBP.

Figure 8. UPLC-MS/MS profiles of chemical pure EtOAc solvent (a); UPLC-MS/MS profiles of the EtOAc extract from liquid culture of Alternaria panax (b).

Figure 8. UPLC-MS/MS profiles of chemical pure EtOAc solvent (a); UPLC-MS/MS profiles of the EtOAc extract from liquid culture of Alternaria panax (b).

Scheme 1. Possible fragmentation pathway of DBP.

Scheme 1. Possible fragmentation pathway of DBP.

Figure 9. Leaf infiltration assay; 75% ethanol (control) (a), DBP (b).

Figure 9. Leaf infiltration assay; 75% ethanol (control) (a), DBP (b).