Place-based just transition: domains, components and costs

Figures & data

Table 1. Coordinating the change process.

Goal: To maintain collaborative and inclusive governance dedicated to promoting community cohesion through the transformation process.
Target outcome	Indicators	Measures
Governance vehicles genuinely reflect community needs	Local satisfaction of wider community	Qualitative feedback. Surveys. Voting patterns
Stakeholders work collaboratively to manage the local change process.	Development of transition plan supported by all stakeholders.	Positive appraisal in survey of key stakeholders.
The different interventions cohere as a unified process.	Integration of temporal horizons and spatial interconnections.	Survey of key stakeholders.
Agencies implement agreed plans.	Agencies meet agreed targets in their area of responsibility.	Monitoring of implementation of targets and measures.

Table 2. Plant closure management.

Goal: Actively manage plant closure to minimise adverse impacts for workers, firms and the community.
Target outcome	Indicators	Measures
Maintain collaborative relationships throughout the closure process.	Development of, and agreement on, closure plans and programmes.	Count of plans. Qualitative assessment of coordination mechanisms.
Honour existing regulations and industrial agreements and extend coverage if inequities identified.	Workers are satisfied that agreements have been honoured.	List of regulations. Coverage of agreements. Worker surveys.
Provide timely and consistent information throughout the closure process.	Regularly updated communications for workplace and community.	Count of the number, range and frequency of communications. Community satisfaction surveys.
Provide early notice of closure, ensuring that affected workers are the first to know.	Development of communication strategy prior to announcement.	Qualitative assessment of process.
Provide free, confidential, and on-demand personal and financial counselling services for affected workers and family members.	Availability from announcement to at least a year after closure.	Worker and family satisfaction with access to and quality of assistance (worker surveys).
Establish equitable criteria for selecting workers eligible for early redundancy.	Existence of agreed criteria. Ratification by relevant unions.	Documentary evidence.
Develop and promote a ‘closure story’ that enables workers to maintain dignity throughout the process.	Existence of a clear narrative. Consistency of narrative in external and internal forms.	Qualitative assessments. Discourse analysis of media coverage. Worker surveys.
Plan events for the last week and day to recognise and celebrate workers and plant.	Profile of events.	Worker feedback. Quality of media coverage.

Table 3. Redeploying the labour force.

Goal: Every displaced worker will find employment of at least similar quality to the job held before displacement
Target outcome	Indicators	Measures
Minimise the number of workers displaced by closure	Ratio of workers offered redeployment to other plants to those displaced to unemployment.	Rate of re-deployment (worker surveys).
Affected workers, their family members, and affected community will have access to, and take up, career advice and counselling programmes.	Utilisation of career advice and counselling services. Rate of utilisation by less skilled and disadvantaged jobseekers.	Rate of utilisation of services. Analysis of take-up by skill level, gender and ethnic background. Service records and worker surveys.
All affected workers have access to skills audits and secure accreditation for existing skills.	Utilisation of skill audit services	Percentage taking up skill audits and gaining accreditation. Take up by less skilled workers.
Affected workers, their family members, and affected community will have access to, and utilise, job search skill programmes.	Utilisation of job search skills services. Rate of utilisation by less skilled and disadvantaged jobseekers.	Rate of utilisation of services. Analysis of take-up by skill level, gender and ethnic background. Service records and worker surveys.
Training providers offer a coordinated suite of accredited training programmes.	Take-up of training courses and bridging courses.	New jobs are in skill areas of re-training (worker surveys).
Displaced workers will secure new jobs of similar quality to their pre-closure jobs.	Re-employment rate; quality of new jobs; time taken to find new jobs.	The quality of new jobs (worker survey).

Table 4. Strengthening the regional economy.

Goal: Strengthen the long-term sustainability of the regional economy.
Target outcome	Indicators	Measures
Interventions will create as many or more quality jobs as are lost through closures.	Monitoring of labour market change.	Count of jobs lost, and of jobs created. Comparison of job quality.
Affected firms in the supply-chain are assisted to reorient their activities.	Supply chain businesses will survive and flourish.	Monitoring of supply chain businesses.
Economic activity in the wider local economy will be maintained.	Aggregate demand is maintained.	Spending data, retail occupancy.
Existing firms grow and diversify	New job creation	Employment data
New firms relocate into the area	Number of new firms, type of specialisation of new firms, number of jobs attracted	Business entry data, investment rates; employment data.
Interventions will not adversely impact disadvantaged job seekers.	Patterns of labour force participation and unemployment.	Maintained or improved participation rate and unemployment rate. Monitor vulnerable subgroups.
Repurposing of closed sites	The physical sites are repurposed for viable new uses.	Council planning approvals.

Table 5. Maintaining community cohesion.

Goal: Maintain social cohesion and community spirit throughout the change process.
Target outcome	Indicators	Measures
Encourage community dialogue and debate.	Respectful debate that defuses social divisions.	Participation in planning activities.
All interventions acknowledge perceptions of loss, fear and disruption.	Regard for community wellbeing infuses all aspects of the transformation process.	Community surveys. Monitoring media storylines. Local health statistics.
Vulnerable segments of the community are protected throughout the change process.	Impacts of the closures are not displaced onto vulnerable segments of the community.	Labour market and welfare statistics.
Life opportunities of local children are expanded and not diminished.	Children considering a broader range of high skill career options.	Improved school retention rates. Higher participation in education and training.
Projects improve the capacity of the area to adapt to climate change.	Projects reduce climate vulnerabilities.	Job creation in climate projects.
The community commemorates and celebrates the contribution of displaced workers and families.	Commemorative symbols and events.	Surveys of displaced workers. Media coverage
Industrial heritage sites and stories are preserved.	Heritage sites and histories are identified and protected.	Counts of heritage preservations.
Community groups are resourced to promote social interaction and support networks.	Community participation and volunteering.	Community participation surveys.
Site rehabilitation to protect community health.	Remediation of degraded sites promotes healthy outcomes.	100% of abandoned land is rehabilitated or repurposed.