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Culture and Education
Cultura y Educación
Volume 35, 2023 - Issue 3
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Research Article

Do more effective schools succeed in reducing the gender gap in linguistic communicative competence in a bilingual context? (¿Consiguen los centros más eficaces reducir la brecha de género en competencia comunicativa lingüística en un contexto bilingüe?)

Pages 699-734 | Received 10 Nov 2021, Accepted 30 Sep 2022, Published online: 06 Feb 2023
 

ABSTRACT

The study aims to determine whether schools in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (ACBC) succeed in reducing gender differences in Spanish and Basque language achievement in accordance with their effectiveness level. The study was based on a census sample (30,148 girls/32,000 boys) encompassing all students in grade four of primary (9–10 years) who had completed Diagnostic Assessments (DAs) on three different occasions. We used a quantitative methodology. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed to compare the scores obtained for language competence by students from schools with high and low effectiveness levels, as well as to compare boys’ and girls’ mean scores and scores across different years. The results reveal that, on average, girls scored lower than boys for language competence in Spanish and higher than boys for language competence in Basque, regardless of their school’s effectiveness. These findings suggest that although most studies report that women score higher than men for language competence, it is important to explore the specific situation of each individual language in relation to gender roles.

RESUMEN

El estudio analiza si las escuelas de la Comunidad Autónoma Vasca (CAV) reducen las diferencias de género en el aprendizaje del castellano y la lengua vasca, en función de su eficacia. Es un estudio censal (30,148 chicas/32,000 chicos) en el que participa todo el alumnado de 4° de Educación Primaria (9–10 años) que ha cumplimentado las Evaluaciones Diagnósticas (ED) de tres ediciones. Se opta por una metodología cuantitativa. Se ejecutaron las pruebas U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis para comparar las puntuaciones del alumnado en competencia lingüística entre centros de alta y baja eficacia; y las puntuaciones medias entre alumnas y alumnos y entre diferentes años de aplicación. Los resultados revelan que la puntuación media de las alumnas es inferior a la de los alumnos en castellano, mientras que es superior en lengua vasca, independientemente de la eficacia de la escuela. Ello sugiere que, aunque los estudios indican que las mujeres obtienen mejores puntuaciones en competencia lingüística, es necesario ahondar en la especificidad de las lenguas vinculadas con los roles de género.

Acknowledgements / Agradecimientos

The research was carried out within a project [PGC2018-094124-B-I00] subsidised by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MCIU), the State Agency for Research (AEI) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and within the GANDERE Research Group [GIU21/056] funded by the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). We would like to thank the Basque Institute for Research and Evaluation in Education (ISEI-IVEI) for allowing us to access its Diagnostic Assessment database. / Esta investigación se ha realizado dentro del proyecto [PGC2018-094124-B-I00] subvencionado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIU), la Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) y dentro del Grupo de Investigación GANDERE [GIU21/056] subvencionado por la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU). Agradecemos al Instituto Vasco de Evaluación e Investigación Educativa (ISEI-IVEI) el acceso a las bases de datos de la Evaluación Diagnóstica.

Disclosure statement / Conflicto de intereses

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. / Las autoras no han referido ningún potencial conflicto de interés en relación con este artículo.

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